//1.select(): // 第一个参数:文件描述符的最大值加1,在windows下被忽略。 // 第二个参数:fd_set的结构体指针,包含可读性文件描述符 // 其包含的SOCKET在满足如下条件时候就被设置为就绪状态: // A:如果调用了listen()并且有新连接加入的时候,则调用accept会成功。 // B:有数据可读的时候 // C:连接断开的时候。(利用这个特性可以方便的实现客户端断线重连) // 第三个参数:fd_set的结构体指针,包含可写性文件描述符 // 其包含的SOCKET在满足如下条件时候就被设置为就绪状态: // A:连接成功的时候,可以根据此来判断connect是否成功。 // B:有数据可以发送的时候。 // 第四个参数:fd_set的结构体指针,包含发送错误的文件描述符// 第五个参数:select()函数的等待时间,若为0则阻塞(除非select()中的某个文件描述符发生变化才返回) // 此函数返回所有fd_set结构体中就绪的文件描述符数。如果超时返回0,如果发生错误返回SOCKET_ERROR(一种情况是:当select()的三个fd_set结构体都为空的时候,就会返回SOCKET_ERROR) // 由于select()会改变描述集合,所以每次都要重新FD_ZERO和FD_SET //2.FD_CLR:从集合中删除指定SOCKET // FD_ISSET:判断指定SOCKET是否在集合中 // FD_SET:将指定SOCKET加入集合 // FD_ZERO:将集合清空 //3.fd_set结构体 typedef struct fd_set { u_int fd_count; /* how many are SET? */ SOCKET fd_array[FD_SETSIZE]; /* an array of SOCKETs */ } fd_set; #define FD_SETSIZE 64 // 由fd_set结构体得出,fd_set每次最多可以操作64个SOCKET,若想对128(举个例子)个SOCKET进行操作可以在第一次轮询时,将前64个SOCKET放入队列中用Select进行状态查询, // 待本次操作全部结束后.将后64个SOCKET再加入轮询队列中进行轮询处理.这样处理需要在非阻塞式下工作.以此类推,Select也能支持无限多个。
1.服务器代码
#include <WinSock2.h> #include <vector> using std::vector; #pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib") int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { WSADATA wsaData; if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData) != 0) {WSACleanup(); return false;} if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 2 || HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 2) {WSACleanup(); return false;} SOCKET SockListen = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (INVALID_SOCKET == SockListen) {WSACleanup(); return false;} SOCKADDR_IN sockAddr; sockAddr.sin_family = AF_INET; sockAddr.sin_port = htons(8000); sockAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1"); if (SOCKET_ERROR == bind(SockListen, (SOCKADDR*)&sockAddr, sizeof SOCKADDR)) { closesocket(SockListen); WSACleanup(); return false; } if (SOCKET_ERROR == listen(SockListen, 5)) { closesocket(SockListen); WSACleanup(); return false; } vector<SOCKET> vecSockClient; while (1) { fd_set setAccept = {}; FD_ZERO(&setAccept); FD_SET(SockListen, &setAccept); timeval timeVal; timeVal.tv_sec = 1; timeVal.tv_usec = 0; int selValue = select(0, &setAccept, nullptr, nullptr, &timeVal); if (SOCKET_ERROR == selValue) { closesocket(SockListen); for (int i = 0; i < vecSockClient.size(); ++i) {closesocket(vecSockClient[i]);} WSACleanup(); return false; } else if (selValue > 0) { SOCKADDR_IN temSockAddr = {}; int temSize = sizeof SOCKADDR; SOCKET temSock = accept(SockListen, (SOCKADDR*)&temSockAddr, &temSize); if (SOCKET_ERROR == temSock) {continue;} const char *temStr = "Welcome to connect!"; send(temSock, temStr, strlen(temStr), 0); printf("第%d个连接建立 ", vecSockClient.size()); vecSockClient.push_back(temSock); } fd_set SetClientRead = {}; FD_ZERO(&SetClientRead); for (int i = 0; i < vecSockClient.size(); ++i) {FD_SET(vecSockClient[i], &SetClientRead);} if (vecSockClient.empty()) {Sleep(1);continue;} selValue = select(0, &SetClientRead, nullptr, nullptr, &timeVal); if (SOCKET_ERROR == selValue) { closesocket(SockListen); for (int i = 0; i < vecSockClient.size(); ++i) {closesocket(vecSockClient[i]);} WSACleanup(); return false; } else if (0 == selValue) {Sleep(1); continue;} else { int vecSize = vecSockClient.size(); for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < vecSize; ++i, ++j) { if (FD_ISSET(vecSockClient[j], &SetClientRead)) { char revBuff[10] = {0}; int recvLength = recv(vecSockClient[j], revBuff, 9, 0); if (recvLength <= 0) { FD_CLR(vecSockClient[j], &SetClientRead); vecSockClient.erase(vecSockClient.begin() + j, vecSockClient.begin() + j + 1); printf("第%d个连接断开 ", i); --j; } else {printf("第%d个连接,发送数据为:%s ", j, revBuff);} } } } } return 0; }
2.客户端代码
#include <WinSock2.h> #pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib") int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { WSADATA wsaData; if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData) != 0) {return false;} if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 2 || HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 2) {WSACleanup(); return false;} SOCKET sockClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (INVALID_SOCKET == sockClient) {WSACleanup(); return false;} SOCKADDR_IN sockAddr; sockAddr.sin_family = AF_INET; sockAddr.sin_port = htons(8000); sockAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
unsigned long nMode = 1;
ioctlsocket(sockClient, FIONBIO, &nMode);
while(1)
{
connect(sockClient, reinterpret_cast<SOCKADDR*>(&sockAddr), sizeof SOCKADDR_IN);
FD_ZERO(&setWrite);
FD_SET(sockClient, &setWrite);
if (select(0, nullptr, &setWrite, nullptr, &CTimeVal_Connect) > 0)
{
printf("Connect Success
");
break;
}
Sleep(1);
}
while (1) { fd_set setRecv = {}; FD_ZERO(&setRecv); FD_SET(sockClient, &setRecv); timeval timVal = {}; timVal.tv_sec = 2; timVal.tv_usec = 0; int selValue = select(0, &setRecv, nullptr, nullptr, &timVal); if (SOCKET_ERROR == selValue) { closesocket(sockClient); sockClient = INVALID_SOCKET; WSACleanup(); return false; } else if (selValue > 0) { char recvBuff[1024] = {0}; int recvLength = recv(sockClient, recvBuff, 1023, 0); if (recvLength <= 0) { FD_CLR(sockClient, &setRecv); closesocket(sockClient); WSACleanup(); return false; } if (FD_ISSET(sockClient, &setRecv)) { send(sockClient, "123", 3, 0); closesocket(sockClient); sockClient = INVALID_SOCKET; WSACleanup(); return true; } } } system("pause"); return 0; }