python中的四种单例模式

# 单例模式：无法支持多线程情况
"""
class Singleton(object):
    def __init__(self):
        import time
        time.sleep(1)
    @classmethod
    def instance(cls, *args, **kwargs):
        if not hasattr(Singleton, "_instance"):
            Singleton._instance = Singleton(*args, **kwargs)
        return Singleton._instance
import threading

def task(arg):
    obj = Singleton.instance()
    print(obj)

for i in range(10):
    t = threading.Thread(target=task,args=[i,])
    t.start()

import time
import threading
class Singleton(object):
    _instance_lock = threading.Lock()
    def __init__(self):
        time.sleep(4)
    @classmethod
    def instance(cls, *args, **kwargs):
        if not hasattr(Singleton, "_instance"):
            with Singleton._instance_lock:
                if not hasattr(Singleton, "_instance"):
                    Singleton._instance = Singleton(*args, **kwargs)
        return Singleton._instance
def task(arg):
    obj = Singleton.instance()
    print(obj)
for i in range(10):
    t = threading.Thread(target=task,args=[i,])
    t.start()
obj = Singleton.instance()
print(obj)

import time
import threading
class Singleton(object):
    _instance_lock = threading.Lock()
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
        if not hasattr(Singleton, "_instance"):
            with Singleton._instance_lock:
                if not hasattr(Singleton, "_instance"):
                    Singleton._instance = object.__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)
        return Singleton._instance
obj1 = Singleton()
obj2 = Singleton()
print(obj1,obj2)

import threading
class SingletonType(type):
    _instance_lock = threading.Lock()
    def __call__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
        if not hasattr(cls, "_instance"):
            with SingletonType._instance_lock:
                if not hasattr(cls, "_instance"):
                    cls._instance = super(SingletonType,cls).__call__(*args, **kwargs)
        return cls._instance
class Foo(metaclass=SingletonType):
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name = name
obj1 = Foo('name')
obj2 = Foo('name')
print(obj1,obj2)