• springboot定时任务的使用


    在springboot中使用定时任务

    ​ 在springboot环境下有多种方法,这里记录下使用过的其中两种;1、使用注解,2、通过实现接口的方式。

    ​ 使用注解的方式虽然比较简单,但是如果项目需要用户对定时周期进行修改操作,只使用注解就比较难实现。所以可以使用实现接口的方式。通过对接口的实现,可以在项目运行时根据需要修改任务执行周期,只需要关闭原任务再开启新任务即可。

    1、使用注解方式

    ​ 首先需要在启动类下添加 @EnableScheduling 注解(@EnableAsync是开启异步的注解)

    package com.fongtech.cli;
    
    import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
    
    @SpringBootApplication
    @MapperScan("com.fongtech.cli.mbg.*.**")
    @EnableAsync
    @EnableScheduling 
    public class SpringbootAdminApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(SpringbootAdminApplication.class, args);
        }
    
    }
    

    ​ 接着在需要用到定时任务的类和方法下加 @Component 和 @Scheduled(cron = "0 0/1 * * * ? ")注解,其中@Scheduled()中的 ‘cron’ 有固定的格式。(@Async注解表示开启异步)

    @Slf4j
    @Component
    public class AsyncTaskConfiguration {
    
        /**
         * 每分钟检查任务列表,判断任务类型执行相应的任务
         * 根据实际任务执行情况,限定执行任务数量
         */
        @Scheduled(cron = "0 0/1 * * * ? ")
        @Async
        public void startCommonTask() throws Exception {
            log.info("startCommonTask  start........." + Thread.currentThread().getName());
            commonTaskService.startCommonTask();
            log.info("startCommonTask  end........." + Thread.currentThread().getName());
    
        }}
    

    2、使用实现接口的方式

    ​ 通过实现 SchedulingConfigurer 接口,可对定时任务进行操作。实现接口的方式相比使用注解更加灵活,但需要编写代码,相对繁琐。

    ​ 实现工具类如下:

    package com.fongtech.cli.admin.tasktime;
    
    import com.fongtech.cli.common.util.BeanUtils;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.SchedulingException;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.TaskScheduler;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.SchedulingConfigurer;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.config.ScheduledTaskRegistrar;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.config.TriggerTask;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.support.CronTrigger;
    
    import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
    import java.util.Map;
    import java.util.Set;
    import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
    import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture;
     
    /**
     * @author linb
     * @date 2020/6/15 11:16
     */
    @Configuration
    //@EnableScheduling
    public class DefaultSchedulingConfigurer implements SchedulingConfigurer {
        private ScheduledTaskRegistrar taskRegistrar;
        private Set<ScheduledFuture<?>> scheduledFutures = null;
        private Map<String, ScheduledFuture<?>> taskFutures = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
    
        @Override
        public void configureTasks(ScheduledTaskRegistrar taskRegistrar) {
            this.taskRegistrar = taskRegistrar;
        }
     
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        private Set<ScheduledFuture<?>> getScheduledFutures() {
            if (scheduledFutures == null) {
                try {
                    // spring版本不同选用不同字段scheduledFutures
                    scheduledFutures = (Set<ScheduledFuture<?>>) BeanUtils.getProperty(taskRegistrar, "scheduledTasks");
                } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
                    throw new SchedulingException("not found scheduledFutures field.");
                }
            }
            return scheduledFutures;
        }
     
        /**
         * 添加任务
         */
        public void addTriggerTask(String taskId, TriggerTask triggerTask) {
            if (taskFutures.containsKey(taskId)) {
                throw new SchedulingException("the taskId[" + taskId + "] was added.");
            }
            TaskScheduler scheduler = taskRegistrar.getScheduler();
            ScheduledFuture<?> future = scheduler.schedule(triggerTask.getRunnable(), triggerTask.getTrigger());
            getScheduledFutures().add(future);
            taskFutures.put(taskId, future);
        }
     
        /**
         * 取消任务
         */
        public void cancelTriggerTask(String taskId) {
            ScheduledFuture<?> future = taskFutures.get(taskId);
            if (future != null) {
                future.cancel(true);
            }
            taskFutures.remove(taskId);
            getScheduledFutures().remove(future);
        }
     
        /**
         * 重置任务
         */
        public void resetTriggerTask(String taskId, TriggerTask triggerTask) {
            cancelTriggerTask(taskId);
            addTriggerTask(taskId, triggerTask);
        }
     
        /**
         * 任务编号
         */
        public Set<String> taskIds() {
            return taskFutures.keySet();
        }
     
        /**
         * 是否存在任务
         */
        public boolean hasTask(String taskId) {
            return this.taskFutures.containsKey(taskId);
        }
     
        /**
         * 任务调度是否已经初始化完成
         */
        public boolean inited() {
            return this.taskRegistrar != null && this.taskRegistrar.getScheduler() != null;
        }
    }
    

    ​ 在项目启动后就自动开启任务的操作类如下:

    package com.fongtech.cli.admin.tasktime;
    
    import com.fongtech.cli.admin.service.IAuthLoginService;
    import com.fongtech.cli.admin.service.IBackupsService;
    import com.fongtech.cli.admin.service.IDictionnaryEntryService;
    import com.fongtech.cli.mbg.model.entity.AuthLogin;
    import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
    import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.config.TriggerTask;
    import org.springframework.scheduling.support.CronTrigger;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    /**
     * 项目启动后执行,
     */
    @Slf4j
    @Component
    @Order(value = 1)
    public class CmdRunner implements CommandLineRunner {
    
        @Autowired
        private DefaultSchedulingConfigurer defaultSchedulingConfigurer;
        @Autowired
        private IDictionnaryEntryService dictionnaryEntryService;
        @Autowired
        private IBackupsService backupsService;
        @Autowired
        private IAuthLoginService authLoginService;
    
        @Override
        public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
            log.info("------按照预设备份周期启动数据库备份定时任务");
            while (!defaultSchedulingConfigurer.inited())
            {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(100);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } finally {
    
                }
            }
            String cron = dictionnaryEntryService.getEntryValueByName("CRON_VALUE");
            //默认按照管理员用户权限执行备份任务
            AuthLogin authLogin = authLoginService.query().eq(AuthLogin::getLogin_user, "admin").getOne();
            //启动线程,按照原表内的时间执行备份任务
            defaultSchedulingConfigurer.addTriggerTask("task",
                    new TriggerTask(
                            () -> System.out.println("=====----------启动定时任务=-----------");,
                            new CronTrigger(cron)));
        }
    }
    

    ​ 暂停定时任务:

    defaultSchedulingConfigurer.cancelTriggerTask("task");
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/superlinb/p/13175560.html
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