• C#中HttpWebRequest的用法详解


    C#中HttpWebRequest的用法详解

    HttpWebRequest和HttpWebResponse类是用于发送和接收HTTP数据的最好选择。它们支持一系列有用的属性。这两个类位 于System.Net命名空间,默认情况下这个类对于控制台程序来说是可访问的。请注意,HttpWebRequest对象不是利用new关键字通过构 造函数来创建的,而是利用工厂机制(factory mechanism)通过Create()方法来创建的。另外,你可能预计需要显式地调用一个“Send”方法,实际上不需要。接下来调用 HttpWebRequest.GetResponse()方法返回的是一个HttpWebResponse对象。你可以把HTTP响应的数据流 (stream)绑定到一个StreamReader对象,然后就可以通过ReadToEnd()方法把整个HTTP响应作为一个字符串取回。也可以通过 StreamReader.ReadLine()方法逐行取回HTTP响应的内容。

    这种技术展示了如何限制请求重定向(request redirections)的次数, 并且设置了一个超时限制。下面是HttpWebRequest的一些属性,这些属性对于轻量级的自动化测试程序是非常重要的。

    l  AllowAutoRedirect:获取或设置一个值,该值指示请求是否应跟随重定向响应。

    l  CookieContainer:获取或设置与此请求关联的cookie。

    l  Credentials:获取或设置请求的身份验证信息。

    l  KeepAlive:获取或设置一个值,该值指示是否与 Internet 资源建立持久性连接。

    l  MaximumAutomaticRedirections:获取或设置请求将跟随的重定向的最大数目。

    l  Proxy:获取或设置请求的代理信息。

    l  SendChunked:获取或设置一个值,该值指示是否将数据分段发送到 Internet 资源。

    l  Timeout:获取或设置请求的超时值。

    l  UserAgent:获取或设置 User-agent HTTP 标头的值

    C# HttpWebRequest提交数据方式其实就是GET和POST两种,那么具体的实现以及操作注意事项是什么呢?那么本文就向你详细介绍C# HttpWebRequest提交数据方式的这两种利器。

    C# HttpWebRequest提交数据方式学习之前我们先来看看什么是HttpWebRequest,它是 .net 基类库中的一个类,在命名空间 System.Net 下面,用来使用户通过HTTP协议和服务器交互。

    C# HttpWebRequest的作用:

    HttpWebRequest对HTTP协议进行了完整的封装,对HTTP协议中的 Header, Content, Cookie 都做了属性和方法的支持,很容易就能编写出一个模拟浏览器自动登录的程序。

    C# HttpWebRequest提交数据方式:

    程序使用HTTP协议和服务器交互主要是进行数据的提交,通常数据的提交是通过 GET 和 POST 两种方式来完成,下面对这两种方式进行一下说明:

    C# HttpWebRequest提交数据方式1. GET 方式。

    GET 方式通过在网络地址附加参数来完成数据的提交,比如在地址 http://www.google.com/webhp?hl=zh-CN 中,前面部分 http://www.google.com/webhp 表示数据提交的网址,后面部分 hl=zh-CN 表示附加的参数,其中 hl 表示一个键(key), zh-CN 表示这个键对应的值(value)。程序代码如下:

    HttpWebRequest req =  

    (HttpWebRequest) HttpWebRequest.Create(  

    "http://www.google.com/webhp?hl=zh-CN" ); 

    req.Method = "GET"; 

    using (WebResponse wr = req.GetResponse()) 

       //在这里对接收到的页面内容进行处理 

    }

    C# HttpWebRequest提交数据方式2. POST 方式。

    POST 方式通过在页面内容中填写参数的方法来完成数据的提交,参数的格式和 GET 方式一样,是类似于 hl=zh-CN&newwindow=1 这样的结构。程序代码如下:

    string param = "hl=zh-CN&newwindow=1";        //参数

    byte[] bs = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(param);    //参数转化为ascii码

    HttpWebRequest req =   (HttpWebRequest) HttpWebRequest.Create(   "http://www.google.com/intl/zh-CN/" );  //创建request

    req.Method = "POST";    //确定传值的方式,此处为post方式传值

    req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; 

    req.ContentLength = bs.Length; 

    using (Stream reqStream = req.GetRequestStream()) 

       reqStream.Write(bs, 0, bs.Length); 

    using (WebResponse wr = req.GetResponse()) 

       //在这里对接收到的页面内容进行处理 

    在上面的代码中,我们访问了 www.google.com 的网址,分别以 GET 和 POST 方式提交了数据,并接收了返回的页面内容。然而,如果提交的参数中含有中文,那么这样的处理是不够的,需要对其进行编码,让对方网站能够识别。

    C# HttpWebRequest提交数据方式3. 使用 GET 方式提交中文数据。

    GET 方式通过在网络地址中附加参数来完成数据提交,对于中文的编码,常用的有 gb2312 和 utf8 两种,用 gb2312 方式编码访问的程序代码如下:

    Encoding myEncoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312");     //确定用哪种中文编码方式

    string address = "http://www.baidu.com/s?"   + HttpUtility.UrlEncode("参数一", myEncoding) +  "=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode("值一", myEncoding);       //拼接数据提交的网址和经过中文编码后的中文参数

    HttpWebRequest req =   (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(address);  //创建request

    req.Method = "GET";    //确定传值方式,此处为get方式

    using (WebResponse wr = req.GetResponse()) 

       //在这里对接收到的页面内容进行处理 

    在上面的程序代码中,我们以 GET 方式访问了网址 http://www.baidu.com/s ,传递了参数“参数一=值一”,由于无法告知对方提交数据的编码类型,所以编码方式要以对方的网站为标准。常见的网站中, www.baidu.com (百度)的编码方式是 gb2312, www.google.com (谷歌)的编码方式是 utf8。

    C# HttpWebRequest提交数据方式4. 使用 POST 方式提交中文数据。

    POST 方式通过在页面内容中填写参数的方法来完成数据的提交,由于提交的参数中可以说明使用的编码方式,所以理论上能获得更大的兼容性。用 gb2312 方式编码访问的程序代码如下:

    Encoding myEncoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312");  //确定中文编码方式。此处用gb2312

    string param =   HttpUtility.UrlEncode("参数一", myEncoding) +   "=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode("值一", myEncoding) +   "&" +     HttpUtility.UrlEncode("参数二", myEncoding) +  "=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode("值二", myEncoding); 

    byte[] postBytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(param);     //将参数转化为assic码

    HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)  HttpWebRequest.Create( "http://www.baidu.com/s" ); 

    req.Method = "POST"; 

    req.ContentType =   "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=gb2312"; 

    req.ContentLength = postBytes.Length; 

    using (Stream reqStream = req.GetRequestStream()) 

       reqStream.Write(bs, 0, bs.Length); 

    using (WebResponse wr = req.GetResponse()) 

       //在这里对接收到的页面内容进行处理 

    }  

    从上面的代码可以看出, POST 中文数据的时候,先使用 UrlEncode 方法将中文字符转换为编码后的 ASCII 码,然后提交到服务器,提交的时候可以说明编码的方式,用来使对方服务器能够正确的解析。

    以上列出了客户端程序使用HTTP协议与服务器交互的情况,常用的是 GET 和 POST 方式。现在流行的 WebService 也是通过 HTTP 协议来交互的,使用的是 POST 方法。与以上稍有所不同的是, WebService 提交的数据内容和接收到的数据内容都是使用了 XML 方式编码。所以, HttpWebRequest 也可以使用在调用 WebService 的情况下。

    C# HttpWebRequest提交数据方式的基本内容就向你介绍到这里,希望对你了解和学习C# HttpWebRequest提交数据方式有所帮助。

    复制代码
    1. #region 公共方法
    2. /// <summary>
    3. /// Get数据接口
    4. /// </summary>
    5. /// <param name="getUrl">接口地址</param>
    6. /// <returns></returns>
    7. private static string GetWebRequest(string getUrl)
    8. {
    9. string responseContent = "";
    10. HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(getUrl);
    11. request.ContentType = "application/json";
    12. request.Method = "GET";
    13. HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
    14. //在这里对接收到的页面内容进行处理
    15. using (Stream resStream = response.GetResponseStream())
    16. {
    17. using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(resStream, Encoding.UTF8))
    18. {
    19. responseContent = reader.ReadToEnd().ToString();
    20. }
    21. }
    22. return responseContent;
    23. }
    24. /// <summary>
    25. /// Post数据接口
    26. /// </summary>
    27. /// <param name="postUrl">接口地址</param>
    28. /// <param name="paramData">提交json数据</param>
    29. /// <param name="dataEncode">编码方式(Encoding.UTF8)</param>
    30. /// <returns></returns>
    31. private static string PostWebRequest(string postUrl, string paramData, Encoding dataEncode)
    32. {
    33. string responseContent = string.Empty;
    34. try
    35. {
    36. byte[] byteArray = dataEncode.GetBytes(paramData); //转化
    37. HttpWebRequest webReq = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(new Uri(postUrl));
    38. webReq.Method = "POST";
    39. webReq.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
    40. webReq.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
    41. using (Stream reqStream = webReq.GetRequestStream())
    42. {
    43. reqStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);//写入参数
    44. //reqStream.Close();
    45. }
    46. using (HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)webReq.GetResponse())
    47. {
    48. //在这里对接收到的页面内容进行处理
    49. using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.Default))
    50. {
    51. responseContent = sr.ReadToEnd().ToString();
    52. }
    53. }
    54. }
    55. catch (Exception ex)
    56. {
    57. return ex.Message;
    58. }
    59. return responseContent;
    60. }
    61. #endregion
    复制代码

    post支持cookie

    复制代码
    1. /// <summary>
    2. /// 发起Post请求(采用HttpWebRequest,支持传Cookie)
    3. /// </summary>
    4. /// <param name="strUrl">请求Url</param>
    5. /// <param name="formData">发送的表单数据</param>
    6. /// <param name="strResult">返回请求结果(如果请求失败,返回异常消息)</param>
    7. /// <param name="cookieContainer">随同HTTP请求发送的Cookie信息,如果不需要身份验证可以为空</param>
    8. /// <returns>返回:是否请求成功</returns>
    9. public static bool HttpPost(string strUrl, Dictionary<string, string> formData, CookieContainer cookieContainer, out string strResult)
    10. {
    11. string strPostData = null;
    12. if (formData != null && formData.Count > 0)
    13. {
    14. StringBuilder sbData = new StringBuilder();
    15. int i = 0;
    16. foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> data in formData)
    17. {
    18. if (i > 0)
    19. {
    20. sbData.Append("&");
    21. }
    22. sbData.AppendFormat("{0}={1}", data.Key, data.Value);
    23. i++;
    24. }
    25. strPostData = sbData.ToString();
    26. }
    27. byte[] postBytes = string.IsNullOrEmpty(strPostData) ? new byte[0] : Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(strPostData);
    28. return HttpPost(strUrl, postBytes, cookieContainer, out strResult);
    29. }

    post上传文件

    /// <summary>
    /// 发起Post文件请求(采用HttpWebRequest,支持传Cookie)
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="strUrl">请求Url</param>
    /// <param name="strFilePostName">上传文件的PostName</param>
    /// <param name="strFilePath">上传文件路径</param>
    /// <param name="cookieContainer">随同HTTP请求发送的Cookie信息,如果不需要身份验证可以为空</param>
    /// <param name="strResult">返回请求结果(如果请求失败,返回异常消息)</param>
    /// <returns>返回:是否请求成功</returns>
    public static bool HttpPostFile(string strUrl, string strFilePostName, string strFilePath, CookieContainer cookieContainer, out string strResult)
    {
    HttpWebRequest request = null;
    FileStream fileStream = FileHelper.GetFileStream(strFilePath);

    try
    {
    if (fileStream == null)
    {
    throw new FileNotFoundException();
    }

    request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(strUrl);
    request.Method = "POST";
    request.KeepAlive = false;
    request.Timeout = 30000;

    if (cookieContainer != null)
    {
    request.CookieContainer = cookieContainer;
    }

    string boundary = string.Format("---------------------------{0}", DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x"));

    byte[] header = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(string.Format("--{0}\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{1}\"; filename=\"{2}\"\r\nContent-Type: application/octet-stream\r\n\r\n",
    boundary, strFilePostName, Path.GetFileName(strFilePath)));
    byte[] footer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(string.Format("\r\n--{0}--\r\n", boundary));

    request.ContentType = string.Format("multipart/form-data; boundary={0}", boundary);
    request.ContentLength = header.Length + fileStream.Length + footer.Length;

    using (Stream reqStream = request.GetRequestStream())
    {
    // 写入分割线及数据信息
    reqStream.Write(header, 0, header.Length);

    // 写入文件
    FileHelper.WriteFile(reqStream, fileStream);

    // 写入尾部
    reqStream.Write(footer, 0, footer.Length);
    }

    strResult = GetResponseResult(request, cookieContainer);
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
    strResult = ex.Message;
    return false;
    }
    finally
    {
    if (request != null)
    {
    request.Abort();
    }
    if (fileStream != null)
    {
    fileStream.Close();
    }
    }

    return true;
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 获取请求结果字符串
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="request">请求对象(发起请求之后)</param>
    /// <param name="cookieContainer">随同HTTP请求发送的Cookie信息,如果不需要身份验证可以为空</param>
    /// <returns>返回请求结果字符串</returns>
    private static string GetResponseResult(HttpWebRequest request, CookieContainer cookieContainer = null)
    {
    using (HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse())
    {
    if (cookieContainer != null)
    {
    response.Cookies = cookieContainer.GetCookies(response.ResponseUri);
    }
    using (Stream rspStream = response.GetResponseStream())
    {
    using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(rspStream, Encoding.UTF8))
    {
    return reader.ReadToEnd();
    }
    }
    }
    }
     

    OAuth头部 

     
    1. //构造OAuth头部
    2. StringBuilder oauthHeader = new StringBuilder();
    3. oauthHeader.AppendFormat("OAuth realm=\"\", oauth_consumer_key={0}, ", apiKey);
    4. oauthHeader.AppendFormat("oauth_nonce={0}, ", nonce);
    5. oauthHeader.AppendFormat("oauth_timestamp={0}, ", timeStamp);
    6. oauthHeader.AppendFormat("oauth_signature_method={0}, ", "HMAC-SHA1");
    7. oauthHeader.AppendFormat("oauth_version={0}, ", "1.0");
    8. oauthHeader.AppendFormat("oauth_signature={0}, ", sig);
    9. oauthHeader.AppendFormat("oauth_token={0}", accessToken);
    10. //构造请求
    11. StringBuilder requestBody = new StringBuilder("");
    12. Encoding encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8");
    13. byte[] data = encoding.GetBytes(requestBody.ToString());
    14. // Http Request的设置
    15. HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(uri);
    16. request.Headers.Set("Authorization", oauthHeader.ToString());
    17. //request.Headers.Add("Authorization", authorization);
    18. request.ContentType = "application/atom+xml";
    19. request.Method = "GET";
     

    C#通过WebClient/HttpWebRequest实现http的post/get方法

    1.POST方法(httpWebRequest)

    1. //body是要传递的参数,格式"roleId=1&uid=2"
    2. //post的cotentType填写:"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
    3. //soap填写:"text/xml; charset=utf-8"
    4. public static string PostHttp(string url, string body, string contentType)
    5. {
    6. HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
    7. httpWebRequest.ContentType = contentType;
    8. httpWebRequest.Method = "POST";
    9. httpWebRequest.Timeout = 20000;
    10. byte[] btBodys = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(body);
    11. httpWebRequest.ContentLength = btBodys.Length;
    12. httpWebRequest.GetRequestStream().Write(btBodys, 0, btBodys.Length);
    13. HttpWebResponse httpWebResponse = (HttpWebResponse)httpWebRequest.GetResponse();
    14. StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(httpWebResponse.GetResponseStream());
    15. string responseContent = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
    16. httpWebResponse.Close();
    17. streamReader.Close();
    18. httpWebRequest.Abort();
    19. httpWebResponse.Close();
    20. return responseContent;
    21. }
    22. POST方法(httpWebRequest)
     


    2.POST方法(WebClient)

     
    1. // <summary>
    2. /// 通过WebClient类Post数据到远程地址,需要Basic认证;
    3. /// 调用端自己处理异常
    4. /// </summary>
    5. /// <param name="uri"></param>
    6. /// <param name="paramStr">name=张三&age=20</param>
    7. /// <param name="encoding">请先确认目标网页的编码方式</param>
    8. /// <param name="username"></param>
    9. /// <param name="password"></param>
    10. /// <returns></returns>
    11. public static string Request_WebClient(string uri, string paramStr, Encoding encoding, string username, string password)
    12. {
    13. if (encoding == null)
    14. encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
    15. string result = string.Empty;
    16. WebClient wc = new WebClient();
    17. // 采取POST方式必须加的Header
    18. wc.Headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
    19. byte[] postData = encoding.GetBytes(paramStr);
    20. if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(username) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(password))
    21. {
    22. wc.Credentials = GetCredentialCache(uri, username, password);
    23. wc.Headers.Add("Authorization", GetAuthorization(username, password));
    24. }
    25. byte[] responseData = wc.UploadData(uri, "POST", postData); // 得到返回字符流
    26. return encoding.GetString(responseData);// 解码
    27. }
    28. POST方法(WebClient)
     

    3.Get方法(httpWebRequest)

     
    1. public static string GetHttp(string url, HttpContext httpContext)
    2. {
    3. string queryString = "?";
    4. foreach (string key in httpContext.Request.QueryString.AllKeys)
    5. {
    6. queryString += key + "=" + httpContext.Request.QueryString[key] + "&";
    7. }
    8. queryString = queryString.Substring(0, queryString.Length - 1);
    9. HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url + queryString);
    10. httpWebRequest.ContentType = "application/json";
    11. httpWebRequest.Method = "GET";
    12. httpWebRequest.Timeout = 20000;
    13. //byte[] btBodys = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(body);
    14. //httpWebRequest.ContentLength = btBodys.Length;
    15. //httpWebRequest.GetRequestStream().Write(btBodys, 0, btBodys.Length);
    16. HttpWebResponse httpWebResponse = (HttpWebResponse)httpWebRequest.GetResponse();
    17. StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(httpWebResponse.GetResponseStream());
    18. string responseContent = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
    19. httpWebResponse.Close();
    20. streamReader.Close();
    21. return responseContent;
    22. }
    23. Get方法(HttpWebRequest)
     

    4.basic验证的WebRequest/WebResponse

     
    1. /// <summary>
    2. /// 通过 WebRequest/WebResponse 类访问远程地址并返回结果,需要Basic认证;
    3. /// 调用端自己处理异常
    4. /// </summary>
    5. /// <param name="uri"></param>
    6. /// <param name="timeout">访问超时时间,单位毫秒;如果不设置超时时间,传入0</param>
    7. /// <param name="encoding">如果不知道具体的编码,传入null</param>
    8. /// <param name="username"></param>
    9. /// <param name="password"></param>
    10. /// <returns></returns>
    11. public static string Request_WebRequest(string uri, int timeout, Encoding encoding, string username, string password)
    12. {
    13. string result = string.Empty;
    14. WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(new Uri(uri));
    15. if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(username) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(password))
    16. {
    17. request.Credentials = GetCredentialCache(uri, username, password);
    18. request.Headers.Add("Authorization", GetAuthorization(username, password));
    19. }
    20. if (timeout > 0)
    21. request.Timeout = timeout;
    22. WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
    23. Stream stream = response.GetResponseStream();
    24. StreamReader sr = encoding == null ? new StreamReader(stream) : new StreamReader(stream, encoding);
    25. result = sr.ReadToEnd();
    26. sr.Close();
    27. stream.Close();
    28. return result;
    29. }
    30. #region # 生成 Http Basic 访问凭证 #
    31. private static CredentialCache GetCredentialCache(string uri, string username, string password)
    32. {
    33. string authorization = string.Format("{0}:{1}", username, password);
    34. CredentialCache credCache = new CredentialCache();
    35. credCache.Add(new Uri(uri), "Basic", new NetworkCredential(username, password));
    36. return credCache;
    37. }
    38. private static string GetAuthorization(string username, string password)
    39. {
    40. string authorization = string.Format("{0}:{1}", username, password);
    41. return "Basic " + Convert.ToBase64String(new ASCIIEncoding().GetBytes(authorization));
    42. }
    43. #endregion
    44. basic验证的WebRequest/WebResponse

    C#语言写的关于HttpWebRequest 类的使用方法

    http://www.jb51.net/article/57156.htm

     
    1. using System;
    2. using System.Collections.Generic;
    3. using System.IO;
    4. using System.Net;
    5. using System.Text;
    6. namespace HttpWeb
    7. {
    8.     /// <summary>
    9.     ///  Http操作类
    10.     /// </summary>
    11.     public static class httptest
    12.     {
    13.         /// <summary>
    14.         ///  获取网址HTML
    15.         /// </summary>
    16.         /// <param name="URL">网址 </param>
    17.         /// <returns> </returns>
    18.         public static string GetHtml(string URL)
    19.         {
    20.             WebRequest wrt;
    21.             wrt = WebRequest.Create(URL);
    22.             wrt.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;
    23.             WebResponse wrp;
    24.             wrp = wrt.GetResponse();
    25.             string reader = new StreamReader(wrp.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312")).ReadToEnd();
    26.             try
    27.             {
    28.                 wrt.GetResponse().Close();
    29.             }
    30.             catch (WebException ex)
    31.             {
    32.                 throw ex;
    33.             }
    34.             return reader;
    35.         }
    36.         /// <summary>
    37.         /// 获取网站cookie
    38.         /// </summary>
    39.         /// <param name="URL">网址 </param>
    40.         /// <param name="cookie">cookie </param>
    41.         /// <returns> </returns>
    42.         public static string GetHtml(string URL, out string cookie)
    43.         {
    44.             WebRequest wrt;
    45.             wrt = WebRequest.Create(URL);
    46.             wrt.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;
    47.             WebResponse wrp;
    48.             wrp = wrt.GetResponse();
    49.             string html = new StreamReader(wrp.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312")).ReadToEnd();
    50.             try
    51.             {
    52.                 wrt.GetResponse().Close();
    53.             }
    54.             catch (WebException ex)
    55.             {
    56.                 throw ex;
    57.             }
    58.             cookie = wrp.Headers.Get("Set-Cookie");
    59.             return html;
    60.         }
    61.         public static string GetHtml(string URL, string postData, string cookie, out string header, string server)
    62.         {
    63.             return GetHtml(server, URL, postData, cookie, out header);
    64.         }
    65.         public static string GetHtml(string server, string URL, string postData, string cookie, out string header)
    66.         {
    67.             byte[] byteRequest = Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312").GetBytes(postData);
    68.             return GetHtml(server, URL, byteRequest, cookie, out header);
    69.         }
    70.         public static string GetHtml(string server, string URL, byte[] byteRequest, string cookie, out string header)
    71.         {
    72.             byte[] bytes = GetHtmlByBytes(server, URL, byteRequest, cookie, out header);
    73.             Stream getStream = new MemoryStream(bytes);
    74.             StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(getStream, Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312"));
    75.             string getString = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
    76.             streamReader.Close();
    77.             getStream.Close();
    78.             return getString;
    79.         }
    80.         /// <summary>
    81.         /// Post模式浏览
    82.         /// </summary>
    83.         /// <param name="server">服务器地址 </param>
    84.         /// <param name="URL">网址 </param>
    85.         /// <param name="byteRequest"></param>
    86.         /// <param name="cookie">cookie </param>
    87.         /// <param name="header">句柄 </param>
    88.         /// <returns> </returns>
    89.         public static byte[] GetHtmlByBytes(string server, string URL, byte[] byteRequest, string cookie, out string header)
    90.         {
    91.             long contentLength;
    92.             HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest;
    93.             HttpWebResponse webResponse;
    94.             Stream getStream;
    95.             httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL);
    96.             CookieContainer co = new CookieContainer();
    97.             co.SetCookies(new Uri(server), cookie);
    98.             httpWebRequest.CookieContainer = co;
    99.             httpWebRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
    100.             httpWebRequest.Accept =
    101.                 "image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*";
    102.             httpWebRequest.Referer = server;
    103.             httpWebRequest.UserAgent =
    104.                 "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; Maxthon; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)";
    105.             httpWebRequest.Method = "Post";
    106.             httpWebRequest.ContentLength = byteRequest.Length;
    107.             Stream stream;
    108.             stream = httpWebRequest.GetRequestStream();
    109.             stream.Write(byteRequest, 0, byteRequest.Length);
    110.             stream.Close();
    111.             webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)httpWebRequest.GetResponse();
    112.             header = webResponse.Headers.ToString();
    113.             getStream = webResponse.GetResponseStream();
    114.             contentLength = webResponse.ContentLength;
    115.             byte[] outBytes = new byte[contentLength];
    116.             outBytes = ReadFully(getStream);
    117.             getStream.Close();
    118.             return outBytes;
    119.         }
    120.         public static byte[] ReadFully(Stream stream)
    121.         {
    122.             byte[] buffer = new byte[128];
    123.             using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
    124.             {
    125.                 while (true)
    126.                 {
    127.                     int read = stream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
    128.                     if (read <= 0)
    129.                         return ms.ToArray();
    130.                     ms.Write(buffer, 0, read);
    131.                 }
    132.             }
    133.         }
    134.         /// <summary>
    135.         /// Get模式
    136.         /// </summary>
    137.         /// <param name="URL">网址 </param>
    138.         /// <param name="cookie">cookies </param>
    139.         /// <param name="header">句柄 </param>
    140.         /// <param name="server">服务器 </param>
    141.         /// <param name="val">服务器 </param>
    142.         /// <returns> </returns>
    143.         public static string GetHtml(string URL, string cookie, out string header, string server)
    144.         {
    145.             return GetHtml(URL, cookie, out header, server, "");
    146.         }
    147.         /// <summary>
    148.         /// Get模式浏览
    149.         /// </summary>
    150.         /// <param name="URL">Get网址 </param>
    151.         /// <param name="cookie">cookie </param>
    152.         /// <param name="header">句柄 </param>
    153.         /// <param name="server">服务器地址 </param>
    154.         /// <param name="val"> </param>
    155.         /// <returns> </returns>
    156.         public static string GetHtml(string URL, string cookie, out string header, string server, string val)
    157.         {
    158.             HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest;
    159.             HttpWebResponse webResponse;
    160.             Stream getStream;
    161.             StreamReader streamReader;
    162.             string getString = "";
    163.             httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL);
    164.             httpWebRequest.Accept = "*/*";
    165.             httpWebRequest.Referer = server;
    166.             CookieContainer co = new CookieContainer();
    167.             co.SetCookies(new Uri(server), cookie);
    168.             httpWebRequest.CookieContainer = co;
    169.             httpWebRequest.UserAgent =
    170.                 "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; Maxthon; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)";
    171.             httpWebRequest.Method = "GET";
    172.             webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)httpWebRequest.GetResponse();
    173.             header = webResponse.Headers.ToString();
    174.             getStream = webResponse.GetResponseStream();
    175.             streamReader = new StreamReader(getStream, Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312"));
    176.             getString = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
    177.             streamReader.Close();
    178.             getStream.Close();
    179.             return getString;
    180.         }
    181.    }
    182. }
     

     有空查看:

     
    1. /// <summary>
    2. /// 作用描述: WebRequest操作类
    3. /// </summary>
    4. public static class CallWebRequest
    5. {
    6. /// <summary>
    7. /// 通过GET请求获取数据
    8. /// </summary>
    9. /// <param name="url"></param>
    10. /// <returns></returns>
    11. public static string Get(string url)
    12. {
    13. HttpWebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
    14. //每次请求绕过代理,解决第一次调用慢的问题
    15. request.Proxy = null;
    16. //多线程并发调用时默认2个http连接数限制的问题,讲其设为1000
    17. ServicePoint currentServicePoint = request.ServicePoint;
    18. currentServicePoint.ConnectionLimit = 1000;
    19. HttpWebResponse response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
    20. string str;
    21. using (Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream())
    22. {
    23. Encoding encode = Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8");
    24. StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(responseStream, encode);
    25. str = reader.ReadToEnd();
    26. }
    27. response.Close();
    28. response = null;
    29. request.Abort();
    30. request = null;
    31. return str;
    32. }
    33. /// <summary>
    34. /// 通过POST请求传递数据
    35. /// </summary>
    36. /// <param name="url"></param>
    37. /// <param name="postData"></param>
    38. /// <returns></returns>
    39. public static string Post(string url, string postData)
    40. {
    41. HttpWebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
    42. //将发送数据转换为二进制格式
    43. byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postData);
    44. //要POST的数据大于1024字节的时候, 浏览器并不会直接就发起POST请求, 而是会分为俩步:
    45. //1. 发送一个请求, 包含一个Expect:100-continue, 询问Server使用愿意接受数据
    46. //2. 接收到Server返回的100-continue应答以后, 才把数据POST给Server
    47. //直接关闭第一步验证
    48. request.ServicePoint.Expect100Continue = false;
    49. //是否使用Nagle:不使用,提高效率
    50. request.ServicePoint.UseNagleAlgorithm = false;
    51. //设置最大连接数
    52. request.ServicePoint.ConnectionLimit = 65500;
    53. //指定压缩方法
    54. //request.Headers.Add(HttpRequestHeader.AcceptEncoding, "gzip,deflate");
    55. request.KeepAlive = false;
    56. //request.ContentType = "application/json";
    57. request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
    58. request.Method = "POST";
    59. request.Timeout = 20000;
    60. request.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
    61. //关闭缓存
    62. request.AllowWriteStreamBuffering = false;
    63. //每次请求绕过代理,解决第一次调用慢的问题
    64. request.Proxy = null;
    65. //多线程并发调用时默认2个http连接数限制的问题,讲其设为1000
    66. ServicePoint currentServicePoint = request.ServicePoint;
    67. Stream dataStream = request.GetRequestStream();
    68. dataStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);
    69. dataStream.Close();
    70. WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
    71. //获取服务器返回的数据流
    72. dataStream = response.GetResponseStream();
    73. StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(dataStream);
    74. string responseFromServer = reader.ReadToEnd();
    75. reader.Close();
    76. dataStream.Close();
    77. request.Abort();
    78. response.Close();
    79. reader.Dispose();
    80. dataStream.Dispose();
    81. return responseFromServer;
    82. }
    83. }
     
    1. /// <summary>
    2. /// 用于外部接口调用封装
    3. /// </summary>
    4. public static class ApiInterface
    5. {
    6. /// <summary>
    7. ///验证密码是否正确
    8. /// </summary>
    9. public static Api_ToConfig<object> checkPwd(int userId, string old)
    10. {
    11. var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/user/checkPwd";
    12. var data = Json.ToObject<Api_ToConfig<object>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url + "?id=" + userId, "&oldPwd=" + old));
    13. //var data = Json.ToObject<Api_ToConfig<object>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "{\"id\":" + userId + ",oldPwd:\"" + old + "\",newPwd:\"" + pwd + "\"}"));
    14. return data;
    15. }
    16. /// <summary>
    17. ///
    18. /// </summary>
    19. public static Api_ToConfig<object> UpdatePassword(int userId, string pwd, string old)
    20. {
    21. var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/user/updatePwd";
    22. var data = Json.ToObject<Api_ToConfig<object>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url + "?id=" + userId + "&oldPwd=" + old, "&newPwd=" + pwd));
    23. //var data = Json.ToObject<Api_ToConfig<object>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "{\"id\":" + userId + ",oldPwd:\"" + old + "\",newPwd:\"" + pwd + "\"}"));
    24. return data;
    25. }
    26. private static DateTime GetTime(string timeStamp)
    27. {
    28. DateTime dtStart = TimeZone.CurrentTimeZone.ToLocalTime(new DateTime(1970, 1, 1));
    29. long lTime = long.Parse(timeStamp + "0000");
    30. TimeSpan toNow = new TimeSpan(lTime); return dtStart.Add(toNow);
    31. }
    32. #region 公共方法
    33. /// <summary>
    34. /// 配置文件key
    35. /// </summary>
    36. /// <param name="key"></param>
    37. /// <param name="isOutKey"></param>
    38. /// <returns></returns>
    39. public static string GetConfig(string key, bool isOutKey = false)
    40. {
    41. // CacheRedis.Cache.RemoveObject(RedisKey.ConfigList);
    42. var data = CacheRedis.Cache.Get<Api_BaseToConfig<Api_Config>>(RedisKey.ConfigList);
    43. // var data = new Api_BaseToConfig<Api_Config>();
    44. if (data == null)
    45. {
    46. string dataCenterUrl = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl");
    47. string configurationInfoListByFilter = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("ConfigurationInfoListByFilter");
    48. string systemCoding = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("SystemCoding");
    49. string nodeIdentifier = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("NodeIdentifier");
    50. string para = "systemIdf=" + systemCoding + "&nodeIdf=" + nodeIdentifier + "";
    51. //string para = "{\"systemIdf\":\"" + systemCoding + "\",\"nodeIdf\":\"" + nodeIdentifier + "\"}";
    52. string result = CallWebRequest.Post(dataCenterUrl + "/rest" + configurationInfoListByFilter, para);
    53. data =
    54. Json.ToObject<Api_BaseToConfig<Api_Config>>(result);
    55. CacheRedis.Cache.Set(RedisKey.ConfigList, data);
    56. }
    57. if (data.Status)
    58. {
    59. if (isOutKey && ConfigServer.IsOutside())
    60. {
    61. key += "_outside";
    62. }
    63. key = key.ToLower();
    64. var firstOrDefault = data.Data.FirstOrDefault(e => e.Identifier.ToLower() == key);
    65. if (firstOrDefault != null)
    66. {
    67. return firstOrDefault.Value;
    68. }
    69. else
    70. {
    71. if (key.IndexOf("_outside") > -1)
    72. {
    73. firstOrDefault = data.Data.FirstOrDefault(e => e.Identifier == key.Substring(0, key.LastIndexOf("_outside")));
    74. if (firstOrDefault != null)
    75. return firstOrDefault.Value;
    76. }
    77. }
    78. }
    79. return "";
    80. }
    81. public static string WebPostRequest(string url, string postData)
    82. {
    83. return CallWebRequest.Post(url, postData);
    84. }
    85. public static string WebGetRequest(string url)
    86. {
    87. return CallWebRequest.Get(url);
    88. }
    89. #endregion
    90. #region 参数转换方法
    91. private static string ConvertClassIds(string classIds)
    92. {
    93. var list = classIds.Split(',');
    94. StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("{\"class_id_list\": [");
    95. foreach (var s in list)
    96. {
    97. sb.Append("{\"classId\": \"" + s + "\"},");
    98. }
    99. if (list.Any())
    100. sb.Remove(sb.Length - 1, 1);
    101. sb.Append("]}");
    102. return sb.ToString();
    103. }
    104. private static string ConvertLabIds(string labIds)
    105. {
    106. var list = labIds.Split(',');
    107. StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("{\"lab_id_list\": [");
    108. foreach (var s in list)
    109. {
    110. sb.Append("{\"labId\": \"" + s + "\"},");
    111. }
    112. if (list.Any())
    113. sb.Remove(sb.Length - 1, 1);
    114. sb.Append("]}");
    115. return sb.ToString();
    116. }
    117. private static string ConvertCardNos(string cardNos)
    118. {
    119. var list = cardNos.Split(',');
    120. StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("{\"student_cardNos_list\": [");
    121. foreach (var s in list)
    122. {
    123. sb.Append("{\"stuCardNo\": \"" + s + "\"},");
    124. }
    125. if (list.Any())
    126. sb.Remove(sb.Length - 1, 1);
    127. sb.Append("]}");
    128. return sb.ToString();
    129. }
    130. #endregion
    131. /// <summary>
    132. /// 设置公文已读
    133. /// </summary>
    134. /// <param name="beginTime"></param>
    135. /// <param name="endTime"></param>
    136. /// <param name="userId"></param>
    137. /// <param name="currentPage"></param>
    138. /// <param name="pageSize"></param>
    139. /// <returns></returns>
    140. public static Api_ToConfig<object> FlowService(string id)
    141. {
    142. var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("FlowService");
    143. var data = Json.ToObject<Api_ToConfig<object>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url + "?Copyid=" + id, ""));
    144. return data;
    145. }
    146. /// <summary>
    147. ///获取OA工作流数据
    148. /// </summary>
    149. public static string getOAWorkFlowData(string userName, string userId)
    150. {
    151. var url = GetConfig("platform.application.oa.url") + WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("OAWorkFlowData");
    152. var data = CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&account=" + userName + "&userId=" + userId);
    153. return data;
    154. }
    155. public static List<Api_Course> GetDreamClassCourse(string userId)
    156. {
    157. List<Api_Course> list = new List<Api_Course>();
    158. list = CacheRedis.Cache.Get<List<Api_Course>>(RedisKey.DreamCourse + userId);
    159. if (list != null && list.Count > 0)
    160. return list;
    161. var url = GetConfig("platform.system.dreamclass.url", true) + "rest/getTeacherCourseInfo";
    162. var result = Json.ToObject<ApiResult<Api_Course>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&userId=" + userId));
    163. if (result.state)
    164. list = result.data;
    165. CacheRedis.Cache.Set(RedisKey.DreamCourse + userId, list, 30);//缓存30分钟失效
    166. return list;
    167. }
    168. /// <summary>
    169. /// 用户信息
    170. /// </summary>
    171. /// <param name="userId"></param>
    172. /// <returns></returns>
    173. public static Api_User GetUserInfoByUserName(string userName)
    174. {
    175. var model = new Api_User();
    176. var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/user/getUserInfoByUserName";
    177. var result = Json.ToObject<ApiBase<Api_User>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&userName=" + userName));
    178. if (result.status == true && result.data != null)
    179. model = result.data;
    180. return model;
    181. }
    182. public static Api_User GetUserInfoByUserId(string userId)
    183. {
    184. var model = new Api_User();
    185. var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/user/getUserInfoByUserId";
    186. var result = Json.ToObject<ApiBase<Api_User>>(CallWebRequest.Get(url + "?userId=" + userId));
    187. if (result.status == true && result.data != null)
    188. model = result.data;
    189. return model;
    190. }
    191. public static Api_User GetUserByUserId(string userId)
    192. {
    193. var model = new Api_User();
    194. var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/user/getUserByUserId";
    195. var result = Json.ToObject<ApiBase<Api_User>>(CallWebRequest.Get(url + "?userId=" + userId));
    196. if (result.status == true && result.data != null)
    197. model = result.data;
    198. return model;
    199. }
    200. public static ApiBase<string> UserExist(string userName)
    201. {
    202. ApiBase<string> result = new ApiBase<string>();
    203. var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/user/checkUserExists";
    204. result = Json.ToObject<ApiBase<string>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&userName=" + userName));
    205. return result;
    206. }
    207. public static ApiBase<string> CheckUserPwd(string userName, string pwd)
    208. {
    209. ApiBase<string> result = new ApiBase<string>();
    210. var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/user/checkUserPsw";
    211. result = Json.ToObject<ApiBase<string>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&userName=" + userName + "&psw=" + pwd));
    212. return result;
    213. }
    214. public static ApiBase<Api_AnswerQuestion> GetAnswerQuestion(string userName)
    215. {
    216. ApiBase<Api_AnswerQuestion> result = new ApiBase<Api_AnswerQuestion>();
    217. var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/safety/getSafetyByUserName";
    218. result = Json.ToObject<ApiBase<Api_AnswerQuestion>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&userName=" + userName));
    219. return result;
    220. }
    221. public static ApiBase<string> ResetUserPassword(string userName, string newPassWord)
    222. {
    223. ApiBase<string> result = new ApiBase<string>();
    224. var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/user/resetUserPasswordByUserName";
    225. result = Json.ToObject<ApiBase<string>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&userName=" + userName + "&newPassWord=" + newPassWord));
    226. return result;
    227. }
    228. public static ApiBase<string> ChangeUserSafeAnswer(string userId, string answer1, string answer2, string answer3, string safeId)
    229. {
    230. ApiBase<string> result = new ApiBase<string>();
    231. var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/safety/batchUpdageSafety";
    232. result = Json.ToObject<ApiBase<string>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&data=[{editor:\"" + userId + "\",safetyAnswerOne:\"" + answer1 + "\",safetyAnswerTwo:\"" + answer2 + "\",safetyAnswerThree:\"" + answer3 + "\",safetyId:" + safeId + "}]"));
    233. return result;
    234. }
    235. public static ApiBase<string> UpdateUserPhoto(string userId, string userPhoto)
    236. {
    237. ApiBase<string> result = new ApiBase<string>();
    238. var url = WebConfigManager.GetAppSettings("DataCenterUrl") + "/rest/user/updataUserInfo";
    239. result = Json.ToObject<ApiBase<string>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&data=[{userId:\"" + userId + "\",userPhoto:\"" + userPhoto + "\"}]"));
    240. return result;
    241. }
    242. public static Api_DreamClassUserInfo GetDreamClassUser(string userId)
    243. {
    244. var model = new Api_DreamClassUserInfo();
    245. //model = CacheRedis.Cache.Get<Api_DreamClassUserInfo>(RedisKey.DreamCourseUser + userId);
    246. var url = GetConfig("platform.system.dreamclass.url", true) + "rest/getUserInfo";
    247. var result = Json.ToObject<ApiBase<Api_DreamClassUserInfo>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&userId=" + userId));
    248. if (result.state == true && result.data != null)
    249. {
    250. model = result.data;
    251. //CacheRedis.Cache.Set(RedisKey.DreamCourseUser+userId,model);
    252. }
    253. return model;
    254. }
    255. public static List<Api_BitCourse> GetBitCourseList(string userName)
    256. {
    257. List<Api_BitCourse> list = new List<Api_BitCourse>();
    258. list = CacheRedis.Cache.Get<List<Api_BitCourse>>(RedisKey.BitCourse + userName);
    259. if (list != null && list.Count > 0)
    260. return list;
    261. try
    262. {
    263. var url = GetConfig("platform.system.szhjxpt.url", true) + "/Services/DtpServiceWJL.asmx/GetMyCourseByLoginName";
    264. var result = Json.ToObject<ApiConfig<Api_BitCourse>>(CallWebRequest.Post(url, "&loginName=" + userName));
    265. if (result.success)
    266. list = result.datas;
    267. CacheRedis.Cache.Set(RedisKey.BitCourse + userName, list, 30);//缓存30分钟失效
    268. }
    269. catch (Exception exception)
    270. {
    271. list = new List<Api_BitCourse>();
    272. Log.Error(exception.Message);
    273. }
    274. return list;
    275. }
    276. }
    https://blog.csdn.net/u011966339/article/details/80996129
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/sunny3158/p/16675809.html
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