Java 观察者模式

定义：定义了对象之间的一对多依赖，让多个观察者对象同时监听某一个主题对象，当主题对象发生变化时，它的依赖者（观察者）都会收到通知并更新

适用场景：

关联行为场景，建立一套触发机制

优点：

1.观察者和被观察者之间建立一个抽象的耦合

2.观察者模式支持广播通讯

缺点：

观察者之间有过多的细节依赖，提高时间消耗及程序复杂度

使用得当，要避免循环调用

import java.util.Observable;

public class Course extends Observable {
    private  String courseName;

    public Course(String courseName) {
        this.courseName = courseName;
    }

    public String getCourseName() {
        return courseName;
    }
    public void produceQuestion(Course course,Question question){
        System.out.println(question.getUserName()+"在"+course.courseName+"提交了问题");
        setChanged();
        notifyObservers(question);
    }
}

　　

public class Question {
    private String userName;
    private String questionContent;

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public String getQuestionContent() {
        return questionContent;
    }

    public void setQuestionContent(String questionContent) {
        this.questionContent = questionContent;
    }
}

　　

import java.util.Observable;
import java.util.Observer;


public class Teacher implements Observer {
    private String teacherName;

    public Teacher(String teacherName) {
        this.teacherName = teacherName;
    }
    @Override
    public void update(Observable o,Object arg){
       Course course=(Course)o;
       Question question=(Question)arg;
        System.out.println(teacherName+"老师的"+course.getCourseName()+"课程接收到一个"+question.getUserName()+"提交的问答："+question.getQuestionContent());

    }
}

　　

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Course course=new Course("Java设计模式精讲");
        Teacher teacher=new Teacher("laoshi");
        course.addObserver(teacher);

        Question question=new Question();
        question.setUserName("Geelly");
        question.setQuestionContent("Java");

        course.produceQuestion(course,question);
    }
}