• Java数据类型Stack栈、Queue队列、数组队列和循环队列的比较


    判断括号是否匹配:调用java本身

    import java.util.Stack;
    public class Solution {
       public boolean isValid(String s){
    	   Stack<Character> stack=new Stack<>();
    	   for(int i=0;i<s.length();i++){
    		   char c=s.charAt(i);
    		   if(c=='('||c=='['||c=='{')
    			   stack.push(c);
    		   else{
    			   if(stack.empty())
    				   return false;
    			   char topChar=stack.pop();
    			   if(c==')'&&topChar!='(')
    				   return false;
    			   if(c==']'&&topChar!='[')
    				   return false;
    			   if(c=='}'&&topChar!='{')
    				   return false;
    		   }
    	   }
    	   return stack.empty();
       }
       public static void main(String[] args){
    	   System.out.println(
    			   (new Solution()).isValid("(){}[]"));
    	   System.out.println(
    			   (new Solution()).isValid("([)]"));
       }
    }
    

      调用自己写的:

    接口:

    public interface Stack<E> {
        int getSize();
        boolean isEmpty();
        void push(E e);
        E pop();
        E peek();
    }
    

      实现方法:

    public class ArrayStack<E> implements Stack<E> {
        Array<E> array;
        public ArrayStack(int capacity){
        	array=new Array<>(capacity);
        }
        public ArrayStack(){
        	array=new Array<>();
        }
        @Override
        public int getSize(){
        	return array.getSize();
        }
        @Override
        public boolean isEmpty(){
        	return array.isEmpty();
        }
        public int getCapacity(){
        	return array.getCapacity();
        }
        @Override
        public void push(E e){
        	array.addLast(e);
        }
        @Override
        public E pop(){
        	return array.removeLast();
        }
        @Override
        public E peek(){
        	return array.getLast();
        }
        @Override
        public String toString(){
        	StringBuilder res=new StringBuilder();
        	res.append("Stack:");
        	res.append("[");
        	for(int i=0;i<array.getSize();i++){
        		res.append(array.get(i));
        		if(i!=array.getSize()-1)//最后一个元素
        			res.append(",");
        	}
        	res.append("] top");
        	return res.toString();
        }
    }
    

      队列也是一种线性结构

    相比数组,队列对应的操作是数组的子集

    只能从一端(队尾)添加元素,只能从另一端(队首)取出元素

    public class ArrayQueue<E> implements Queue<E> {
         private Array<E> array;
         public ArrayQueue(int capacity){
        	array=new Array<>(capacity); 
         }
         public ArrayQueue(){
        	 array=new Array<>();
         }
         @Override
         public int getSize(){
        	 return array.getSize();
         }
         @Override
         public boolean isEmpty(){
        	 return array.isEmpty();
         }
         public int getCapacity(){
        	 return array.getCapacity();
         }
         @Override
         public void enqueue(E e){
        	array.addLast(e); 
         }
         @Override
         public E dequeue(){
        	 return array.removeFirst();
         }
         @Override
         public E getFront(){
        	 return array.getFirst();
         }
         @Override
         public String toString(){
        	 StringBuilder res=new StringBuilder();
     		res.append("Queue:");
     		res.append("front [");
     		for(int i=0;i<array.getSize();i++){
     			res.append(array.get(i));
     			if(i!=array.getSize()-1)//判断是否是最后一个元素
     				res.append(", ");
     		}
     		res.append("] tail");
     		return res.toString();
         }
         
         public static void main(String[] args){
        	 ArrayQueue<Integer> queue=new ArrayQueue<>();
        	 for (int i=0;i<10;i++){
        		 queue.enqueue(i);
        		 System.out.println(queue);
        		 
        		 if(i%3==2){
        			 queue.dequeue();
        			 System.out.println(queue);
        		 }
        	 }
         }
    }
    

      

    循环队列:

    public class LoopQueue<E> implements Queue<E>{
    	private E[] data;
    	private int front,tail;
        private int size;
        
        public LoopQueue(int capacity){
        	data=(E[])new Object[capacity+1];
        	front=0;
        	tail=0;
        	size=0;
        }
        public LoopQueue(){
        	this(10);
        }
        //浪费一个元素
        public int getCapacity(){
        	return data.length-1;
        }
        @Override
        public boolean isEmpty(){
        	return front==tail;
        }
        @Override
        public int getSize(){
        	return size;
        }
        @Override
        public void enqueue(E e){
        	//判断队列是否满
        	if((tail+1)%data.length==front)
        		resize(getCapacity()*2);
        	
        	data[tail]=e;
        	tail=(tail+1)%data.length;
        	size++;
        }
        @Override
        public E dequeue(){
        	if(isEmpty())
        		throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot dequeue from an empty queue.");
        	E ret=data[front];
        	data[front]=null;
        	front=(front+1)%data.length;
        	size--;
        	if(size==getCapacity()/4&&getCapacity()/2!=0)
        		resize(getCapacity()/2);
        	return ret;
        }
        @Override
        public E getFront(){
        	if(isEmpty())
        		throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot dequeue from an empty queue.");
        	return data[front];
        }
        private void resize(int newCapacity){
        	E[] newData=(E[])new Object[newCapacity+1];
        	for(int i=0;i<size;i++){
        		newData[i]=data[(i+front)%data.length];
        	}
        	data=newData;
        	front=0;
        	tail=size;
        }
        @Override
        public String toString(){
        	StringBuilder res=new StringBuilder();
    		res.append(String.format("Queue:size=%d,capacity=%d
    ", size,getCapacity()));
    		res.append("front [");
    		for(int i=front;i!=tail;i=(i+1)%data.length){
    			res.append(data[i]);
    			if((i+1)%data.length!=tail)//判断是否是最后一个元素
    				res.append(", ");
    		}
    		res.append("] tail");
    		return res.toString();
        }
        
        public static void main(String[] args){
       	 LoopQueue<Integer> queue=new LoopQueue<>();
       	 for (int i=0;i<10;i++){
       		 queue.enqueue(i);
       		 System.out.println(queue);
       		 
       		 if(i%3==2){
       			 queue.dequeue();
       			 System.out.println(queue);
       		 }
       	 }
        }
    }
    

      

    public class Main {
    	//测试使用q运行opCount个enqueueu和dequeue操作所需要的时间,单位 秒
    	private static double testQueue(Queue<Integer> q,int opCout){
          long startTime=System.nanoTime();
          Random random=new Random();
          
          for( int i=0;i<opCout;i++){
        	  q.enqueue(random.nextInt(Integer.MAX_VALUE));
          }
          for(int i=0;i<opCout;i++){
        	  q.dequeue();
          }
          long endTime=System.nanoTime();
          return (endTime-startTime)/1000000000.0;
    	}
    	public static void main(String[] args){
    		int opCount=100000;
    		ArrayQueue<Integer> arrayQueue=new ArrayQueue<>();
    		double time1=testQueue(arrayQueue, opCount);
    		System.out.println("ArrayQueue,time: "+time1+" s");
    		
    		LoopQueue<Integer> loopQueue=new LoopQueue<>();
    		double time2=testQueue(loopQueue, opCount);
    		System.out.println("ArrayQueue,time: "+time2+" s");
    	}	 
    }
    

     

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/sunliyuan/p/10549003.html
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