• 函数select、poll


    函数select

    select函数:

    int select(int nfds, fd_set *readfds, fd_set *writefds, fd_set *exceptfds, struct timeval *timeout);

    参数:

    • nfds:监控的文件描述符集里最大文件描述符加1,因为此参数会告诉内核检测前多少个文件文件描述符
    • readfs:监控有读数据到达文件描述符集合,传入传出参数
    • writefds:监控写数据到达文件描述符集合,传入传出参数
    • exceptfds:监控异常发生到达文件描述符集合,如带外数据到达异常,传入传出参数
    • timeout:定时阻塞监控时间。
    void FD_CLR(int fd, fd_set *set);     // 把文件描述符集里fd位清0
    int  FD_ISSET(int fd, fd_set *set);   // 测试文件描述符集里fd是否置1
    void FD_SET(int fd, fd_set *set);     // 把文件描述符集合里fd位置1
    void FD_ZERO(fd_set *set);            // 把文件描述符集合里所有位清0

    1. 测试代码:

    • 服务端
     1 //server.c
     2 #include <unistd.h>
     3 #include <stdio.h>
     4 #include <string.h>
     5 #include <netinet/in.h>
     6 #include <arpa/inet.h>
     7 #include <signal.h>
     8 #include <sys/wait.h>
     9 #include <ctype.h>
    10 #include <unistd.h>
    11 #include <sys/select.h>
    12 #include "wrap.h"
    13  
    14 #define SERV_PROT 6666
    15  
    16 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    17 {
    18     int i, j, n, nread;
    19  
    20     int maxfd = 0;
    21     int listenfd, connfd;
    22     char buf[BUFSIZ];
    23  
    24     struct sockaddr_in clie_addr, serv_addr;
    25     socklen_t clie_addr_len;
    26     listenfd = Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    27  
    28     int opt = 1;
    29     setsockopt(listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &opt, sizeof(opt));
    30  
    31     bzero(&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr));
    32     serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    33     serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    34     serv_addr.sin_port = htons(SERV_PROT);
    35     Bind(listen, (struct sockaddr*)&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr));
    36     Listen(listenfd, 128);
    37  
    38     fd_set rset, allset;
    39     maxfd = listenfd;
    40     FD_ZERO(&allset);
    41     FD_SET(listenfd, &allset);
    42     while (1)
    43     {
    44         rset = allset;
    45         nread = select(maxfd + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, NULL);  //每次循环都从新设置select监控信号集
    46         if(nread < 0)
    47             perr_exit("select error");
    48  
    49         if (FD_ISSET(listenfd, &rset))   //说明有新的客户端连接请求
    50         {
    51             clie_addr_len = sizeof(clie_addr);
    52             connfd = Accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&clie_addr, &clie_addr_len);
    53  
    54             FD_SET(connfd, &allset); //向监控文件描述符集合allset添加新的文件描述符connfd
    55  
    56             if (maxfd < connfd)
    57                 maxfd = connfd;
    58  
    59             if (0 == --nread)  //说明select只返回一个,并且listenfd,后续执行无须执行
    60                 continue;
    61         }
    62         for (i = listenfd + 1; i <= maxfd; i++)
    63         {
    64             if (FD_ISSET(i, &rset))
    65             {
    66                 if ((n = Read(i, buf, sizeof(buf))) == 0)  //当client关闭链接时, 服务端也关闭对应链接
    67                 {
    68                     Close(i);
    69                     FD_CLR(i, &allset);  //解除select对此文件描述符的监控
    70                 }
    71                 else if(n == -1)
    72                     perr_exit("read error");
    73                 for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
    74                     buf[j] = toupper(buf[j]);
    75                 Write(i, buf, n);
    76             }
    77         }
    78     }
    79     Close(listenfd);
    80     return 0;
    81 }
    View Code
    • 客户端
     1 //client.c
     2 #include <arpa/inet.h>
     3 #include "wrap.h"
     4  
     5 #define SERV_IP "192.168.245.139"
     6 #define SERV_PORT 6666
     7  
     8 int main(void)
     9 {
    10     int sfd, len;
    11     struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
    12     char buf[BUFSIZ];
    13     sfd = Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    14     bzero(&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr));
    15     serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    16     inet_pton(AF_INET, SERV_IP, &serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr);
    17     serv_addr.sin_port = htons(SERV_PORT);
    18     Connect(sfd, (struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr));
    19  
    20     while (1) 
    21     {
    22         fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin);
    23         int r = Write(sfd, buf, strlen(buf));
    24         printf("Write r ======== %d
    ", r);
    25         len = Read(sfd, buf, sizeof(buf));
    26         printf("Read len ========= %d
    ", len);
    27         Write(STDOUT_FILENO, buf, len);
    28     }
    29     Close(sfd);
    30     return 0;
    31 }
    View Code

    代码下载地址:链接

    输出结果:

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/sunbines/p/10264057.html
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