官方文档中说DeferredResult和Callable都是为了异步生成返回值提供基本的支持。简单来说就是一个请求进来,如果你使用了DeferredResult或者Callable,在没有得到返回数据之前,DispatcherServlet和所有Filter就会退出Servlet容器线程,但响应保持打开状态,一旦返回数据有了,这个DispatcherServlet就会被再次调用并且处理,以异步产生的方式,向请求端返回值。
这么做的好处就是请求不会长时间占用服务连接池,提高服务器的吞吐量。
Callable
@GetMapping("/callable")
public Callable<String> testCallable() throws InterruptedException {
log.info("主线程开始!");
Callable<String> result = new Callable<String>() {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
log.info("副线程开始!");
Thread.sleep(1000);
log.info("副线程结束!");
return "SUCCESS";
}
};
log.info("主线程结束!");
return result;
}
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
输出的结果如下:
主线程开始!
主线程结束!
副线程开始!
副线程结束!
1
2
3
4
主线程会提前返回,可以处理其他请求,等待有结果之后再输出结果
DeferredResult
一旦启用了异步请求处理功能 ,控制器就可以将返回值包装在DeferredResult,控制器可以从不同的线程异步产生返回值。优点就是可以实现两个完全不相干的线程间的通信。
我们模拟如下场景:
由于消息队列和应用2的部分太繁琐,我们使用一个类来代替
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class MockQueue {
private String placeOrder;
private String completeOrder;
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
public String getPlaceOrder() {
return placeOrder;
}
public void setPlaceOrder(String placeOrder) throws Exception {
new Thread(() -> {
logger.info("接到下单请求, " + placeOrder);
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
this.completeOrder = placeOrder;
logger.info("下单请求处理完毕," + placeOrder);
}).start();
}
public String getCompleteOrder() {
return completeOrder;
}
public void setCompleteOrder(String completeOrder) {
this.completeOrder = completeOrder;
}
}
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
定义一个Controller即线程1的部分
import org.apache.commons.lang.RandomStringUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.async.DeferredResult;
@RestController
public class AsyncController {
@Autowired
private MockQueue mockQueue;
@Autowired
private DeferredResultHolder deferredResultHolder;
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
@RequestMapping("/order")
public DeferredResult<String> order() throws Exception {
logger.info("主线程开始");
String orderNumber = RandomStringUtils.randomNumeric(8);
mockQueue.setPlaceOrder(orderNumber);
DeferredResult<String> result = new DeferredResult<>();
deferredResultHolder.getMap().put(orderNumber, result);
return result;
}
}
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
定义一个类,用来线程1和线程2之间通信的,使用@Component默认为单例,方便通信。
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.async.DeferredResult;
@Component
public class DeferredResultHolder {
private Map<String, DeferredResult<String>> map = new HashMap<String, DeferredResult<String>>();
public Map<String, DeferredResult<String>> getMap() {
return map;
}
public void setMap(Map<String, DeferredResult<String>> map) {
this.map = map;
}
}
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
定义一个类来监听订单是否处理完,如果处理完了的话就设置deferredResultHolder中的DeferredResult的值,就会返回结果了。
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.context.event.ContextRefreshedEvent;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class QueueListener implements ApplicationListener<ContextRefreshedEvent> {
@Autowired
private MockQueue mockQueue;
@Autowired
private DeferredResultHolder deferredResultHolder;
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
@Override
public void onApplicationEvent(ContextRefreshedEvent event) {
new Thread(() -> {
while (true) {
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(mockQueue.getCompleteOrder())) {
String orderNumber = mockQueue.getCompleteOrder();
logger.info("返回订单处理结果:"+orderNumber);
deferredResultHolder.getMap().get(orderNumber).setResult("place order success");
mockQueue.setCompleteOrder(null);
}else{
try {
Thread.sleep(100);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}).start();
}
}
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
————————————————
版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「coder_rad」的原创文章,遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/jdfk423/article/details/81205633