• 丑数运算 一、((输出丑数n的下标)(给定丑数输下标)) 二、((求第n个丑数是谁)(给定下标求丑数))


    丑数运算:

    先说一下解题的部分知识点:

    迭代器中元素距离关系:

    #include <iostream>  
    #include <list>  
    using namespace std;  
      
    int main () {  
      list<int> mylist;  
      for (int i=0; i<10; i++) mylist.push_back (i*10);  
      
      list<int>::iterator first = mylist.begin();  
      list<int>::iterator last = mylist.end();  
      list<int>::iterator it = first;  
      for(;it != last;++it)  
          cout<<"第"<<distance(first,it)<<"个元素的值为:"<<*it<<endl;  
      return 0;  
    }  
    

    输出:

     第0个元素的值为:0
        第1个元素的值为:10
        第2个元素的值为:20
        第3个元素的值为:30
        第4个元素的值为:40
        第5个元素的值为:50
        第6个元素的值为:60
        第7个元素的值为:70
        第8个元素的值为:80
        第9个元素的值为:90
    

    题目描述:
    Ugly numbers are numbers whose only prime factors are 2, 3 or 5. The sequence
    1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, …
    shows the first 10 ugly numbers. By convention, 1 is included.
    Given the integer n,write a program to find and print the n’th ugly number.
    Input
    Each line of the input contains a postisive integer n (n <= 1500).Input is terminated by a line with n=0.
    Output
    For each line, output the n’th ugly number .:Don’t deal with the line with n=0.
    Sample Input

    1
    2
    9
    0
    

    Sample Output

    1
    2
    10
    

    非本题解:
    输入多行,输出多行(输出丑数为n的下标)

    #include <iostream>
    #include<cstdio>
    #include<string>
    #include <algorithm>
    #include<cmath>
    #include<queue>
    #include<set>
    #include<vector>
    int a[2000];
    typedef long long LL;
    const int base[]={2,3,5};
    using namespace std;
    int main()
    {
        int n,j=1;
        priority_queue<LL,vector<LL>,greater<LL> >pq;
        set<LL>s;
        s.insert(1);
        pq.push(1);
        int cnt = 0;
        while(1)
        {
            LL x=pq.top();pq.pop();
            cnt++;
            if(cnt==1500)
            {
                break;
            }
            LL tmp;
            for(int i=0;i<3;++i)
            {
                tmp=x*base[i];
                if(s.count(tmp)==0)
                {
                    s.insert(tmp);
                    pq.push(tmp);
                }
            }
        }
         while(cin>>n)
      {
          if(n==0)
            break;
              set<LL>::iterator it;
              set<LL>::iterator first=s.begin();
          for(it=s.begin();it!=s.end();it++)
          {
              if(n==*it)
              {
                  a[j]=distance(first,it)+1;
                  j++;
                  continue;
              }
          }
      }
      for(int i=1;i<=j-1;i++)
        cout<<a[i]<<endl;
        return 0;
    }
    

    非本题解:
    输入一行,输出一行(输出为丑数为n的下标)

    #include <iostream>
    #include<cstdio>
    #include<string>
    #include <algorithm>
    #include<cmath>
    #include<queue>
    #include<set>
    #include<vector>
    int a[2000];
    typedef long long LL;
    const int base[]={2,3,5};
    using namespace std;
    int main()
    {
        int n,j=1;
        priority_queue<LL,vector<LL>,greater<LL> >pq;
        set<LL>s;
        s.insert(1);
        pq.push(1);
        int cnt = 0;
        while(1)
        {
            LL x=pq.top();pq.pop();
            cnt++;
            if(cnt==1500)
            {
                break;
            }
            LL tmp;
            for(int i=0;i<3;++i)
            {
                tmp=x*base[i];
                if(s.count(tmp)==0)
                {
                    s.insert(tmp);
                    pq.push(tmp);
                }
            }
        }
         while(cin>>n)
      {
          if(n==0)
            break;
              set<LL>::iterator it;
              set<LL>::iterator first=s.begin();
          for(it=s.begin();it!=s.end();it++)
          {
              if(n==*it)
              {
                  a[j]=distance(first,it)+1;
                   cout<<a[j]<<endl;
                  j++;
                  continue;
              }
          }
      }
        return 0;
    }
    

    本题解:
    输入一行,输出一行(求第n个丑数是谁)

    #include <iostream>
    #include<cstdio>
    #include<string>
    #include <algorithm>
    #include<cmath>
    #include<queue>
    #include<set>
    #include<vector>
    int a[2000];
    typedef long long LL;
    const int base[]={2,3,5};
    using namespace std;
    int main()
    {
        int n,j=1;
        priority_queue<LL,vector<LL>,greater<LL> >pq;
        set<LL>s;
        s.insert(1);
        pq.push(1);
        int cnt = 0;
        while(1)
        {
            LL x=pq.top();pq.pop();
            cnt++;
            if(cnt==1500)
            {
                break;
            }
            LL tmp;
            for(int i=0;i<3;++i)
            {
                tmp=x*base[i];
                if(s.count(tmp)==0)
                {
                    s.insert(tmp);
                    pq.push(tmp);
                }
            }
        }
         while(cin>>n)
      {   set<LL>::iterator it=s.begin();
          if(n==0)
            break;
            for(int i=1;i<n;i++)
            {
                it++;
            }
            cout<<*it<<endl;
      }
        return 0;
    }
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/study-hard-forever/p/12130040.html
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