• Servlet 8—— ServletConfig


    javax.servlet.ServletConfigSUN制定的接口,apacheServletConfig接口的实现类的完整类名是:org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperFacade,但是作为程序员不需要关心具体的类型,只要面向javax.servlet.ServletConfig接口调用即可,程序运行阶段执行的是apacheServletConfig的实现类中的方法。

    1、Servlet对象的创建以及方法的调用过程

    Class c = Class.forName("com.bjpowernode.javaweb.servlet.ServletConfigTest");
    Servlet servlet = (Servlet)c.newInstance();
    ServletConfig config = new org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperFacade();
    servlet.init(config);
    ServletRequest request = 创建了apache的一个request对象;
    ServletResponse response = 创建了apache的一个response对象;
    servlet.service(request,response);
    servlet.service(request,response);
    servlet.service(request,response);
    servlet.service(request,response);
    ………………
    servlet.destroy();…

    2、ServletServletConfig之间的关系?

    一个Servlet对象会对应一个ServletConfig对象。

    3、ServletConfig对象的本质是什么?

    • ServletConfig实际上是一个Servlet对象相关的配置信息对象。ServletConfig对象中封装了一个Servlet对象的配置信息。一个Servletweb.xml文件中<servlet>标签中配置的信息会自动被封装到ServletConfig对象中,通过ServletConfig对象我们可以获取到当前的Servlet对象的相关配置信息。Servlet对象的配置信息到web.xml文件中。
    • 一个Servlet对象对应一个ServletConfig对象,100个Senvlet对象对应100个ServletConfig对象.。

    4、ServletConfig接口中常用的方法

    通过初始化参数的name获取初始化参数的value

    String value = config.getInitParameter(String name);

    获取所有初始化参数的name

    Enumeration<String> names = config.getInitParameterNames();

    获取ServletContext对象,获取servlet上下文

    ServletContext application = config.getServletContext();

    5、Tomcat服务器是一个实现了Servlet规范和JSP规范的容器。

    6、将init方法上的ServletConfig参数移动到service方法中,因为我们程序员主要编写的方法是service方法,在service方法中我们门可能需要使用ServletConfig! ! ! ! !

    • 在init方法中完成:局部变量config赋值给实例变量config
    • 实现getServletConfig方法,提供公开的get方法目的是供子类使用

    下面是一个小例子:

    index.html

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>ServletConfig接口</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <a href="/Servlet-04/a">AServlet</a>
        <br><br>
        <a href="/Servlet-04/b">BServlet</a>
    </body>
    </html>

    web.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="4.0">
      <servlet>
        <servlet-name>AServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>myweb.AServlet</servlet-class>
        <!-- 初始化参数:被封装到ServletConfig对象中 -->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>driver</param-name>
            <param-value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>url</param-name>
            <param-value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/MySQL</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>user</param-name>
            <param-value>root</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>password</param-name>
            <param-value>root</param-value>
        </init-param>
      </servlet>
      <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>AServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/a</url-pattern>
      </servlet-mapping>
      
       <servlet>
        <servlet-name>BServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>myweb.BServlet</servlet-class>
      </servlet>
      <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>BServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/b</url-pattern>
      </servlet-mapping>
    </web-app>

    AServlet.java

    package myweb;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.PrintWriter;
    import java.util.Enumeration;
    
    import javax.servlet.Servlet;
    import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
    import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
    
    public class AServlet implements Servlet {
    
        private ServletConfig config;
    
        public AServlet() {
            System.out.println("A");
        }
    
        @Override
        public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
            this.config = config;
            // AServlet's ServletConfig =
            // org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperFacade@7f41a6e
            System.out.println("AServlet's ServletConfig = " + config.toString());
        }
    
        @Override
        public void service(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
            // 获取ServletConfig
            ServletConfig config = getServletConfig();
    
            // 通过初始化参数的name获取value
            /*
             * String driver = config.getInitParameter("driver"); String url =
             * config.getInitParameter("url"); String user =
             * config.getInitParameter("user"); String password =
             * config.getInitParameter("password");
             * 
             * System.out.println(driver); System.out.println(url);
             * System.out.println(user); System.out.println(password);
             */
    
            response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
            PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
            out.print("<html>");
            out.print("<head>");
            out.print("<title>ServletConfig</title>");
            out.print("</head>");
            out.print("<body>");
    
            // 获取所有初始化参数的name
            Enumeration<String> names = config.getInitParameterNames();
            while (names.hasMoreElements()) {
                String name = names.nextElement();
                String value = config.getInitParameter(name);
                out.print(name + " = " + value);
                out.print("<br>");
            }
    
            // 获取servletName
            String servletName = config.getServletName();
            out.print(servletName);
            out.print("<br>");
            
            // 先记住这个方法,后面讲什么是ServletContext
            ServletContext application = config.getServletContext();
            out.print(application.toString());
            
            out.print("</body>");
            out.print("</html>");
    
        }
    
        @Override
        public void destroy() {
        }
    
        @Override
        public ServletConfig getServletConfig() {
            return config;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String getServletInfo() {
            return null;
        }
    }

    BServlet.java

    package myweb;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    import javax.servlet.Servlet;
    import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
    
    public class BServlet implements Servlet {
    
        private ServletConfig config;
    
        public BServlet() {
            System.out.println("B");
        }
    
        @Override
        public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
            // BServlet's ServletConfig = org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperFacade@622ece09
            // System.out.println("BServlet's ServletConfig = " + config.toString());
            
            // 将局部变量config赋值给实例变量config
            // 目的:在service方法中也可以使用config
            this.config = config;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void service(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
            ServletConfig config = getServletConfig();
        }
    
        @Override
        public void destroy() {
        }
    
        // 这个方法共子类使用的,在子类中若想获取ServletConfig,可以调用这个方法。
        @Override
        public ServletConfig getServletConfig() {
            return config;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String getServletInfo() {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            return null;
        }
    }

     

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/stu-jyj3621/p/14358432.html
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