参考:http://www.cnblogs.com/lixiaoming90/archive/2012/08/10/2633151.html
源码下载:ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/
下载u-boot-2010.03
----------------------------------------------------------
使用环境
PC: Centos5.4
kernel: 3.0.1
corss: arm-linux-gcc 4.4.1
arm: s3c6410
uboot: uboot-2010-03
----------------------------------------------------------
第一处修改:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
|
#ifndef CONFIG_NAND_SPL
/* * flush v4 I/D caches
*/ mov r0, #0 mcr p15, 0, r0, c7, c7, 0
/* flush v3/v4 cache */ mcr p15, 0, r0, c8, c7, 0
/* flush v4 TLB */ /* * disable MMU stuff and caches//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
*/ mrc p15, 0, r0, c1, c0, 0
bic r0, r0, #0x00002300 @ clear bits 13, 9:8 (--V- --RS)
bic r0, r0, #0x00000087 @ clear bits 7, 2:0 (B--- -CAM)
orr r0, r0, #0x00000002 @ set bit 2 (A) Align
orr r0, r0, #0x00001000 @ set bit 12 (I) I-Cache
mcr p15, 0, r0, c1, c0, 0
//从后面拷贝过来的 ///////////////////////////////以下的注释掉
/* Prepare to disable the MMU */ //adr r1, mmu_disable_phys
/* We presume we're within the first 1024 bytes */ //and r1, r1, #0x3fc
//ldr r2, _TEXT_PHY_BASE
//ldr r3, =0xfff00000
//and r2, r2, r3
//orr r2, r2, r1
//b mmu_disable
//.align 5
/* Run in a single cache-line */ //mmu_disable:
// mcr p15, 0, r0, c1, c0, 0
// nop
// nop
// mov pc, r2
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// |
第二处修改:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
|
bl lowlevel_init
/* go setup pll,mux,memory */
之后 /* when we already run in ram, we don't need to relocate U-Boot.////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
* and actually, memory controller must be configured before U-Boot
* is running in ram.
*/ ldr r0, =0xff000fff
bic r1, pc, r0
/* r0 <- current base addr of code */ ldr r2, _TEXT_BASE
/* r1 <- original base addr in ram */ bic r2, r2, r0
/* r0 <- current base addr of code */ cmp r1, r2
/* compare r0, r1 */ beq after_copy
/* r0 == r1 then skip flash copy */ #ifdef CONFIG_BOOT_NAND
mov r0, #0x1000
bl copy_from_nand
#endif
after_copy: /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#ifdef CONFIG_ENABLE_MMU |
上面的修改是判断到底是从Nand Flash启动还是RAM启动;
1.如果是从nandflash中启动,那么PC的值一定在4K之内。那么执行完bicr1,pc,r0 之后,r1为0。_TEXT_BASE要么等于0x57e00000,要么等于0xC7e00000.那么执行完bicr2,r2,r0 之后,r2为0x00e00000,那么不相等,则不跳转,下面应该就是copy_from_nand。
2.如果是从ram中启动,那么PC的值为0xx7e00000。那么执行完bicr1,pc,r0 之后,r1为0x00e00000。_TEXT_BASE要么等于0x57e00000,要么等于0xC7e00000.那么执行完bicr2,r2,r0 之后,r2为0x00e00000,那么相等,跳转到after_copy,也就是不需要copy。承接上面分析,如果没有完成copy,则接下来就是copy_from_nand。
第三处修改:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
|
#ifndef CONFIG_NAND_SPL
/* * we assume that cache operation is done before. (eg. cleanup_before_linux())
* actually, we don't need to do anything about cache if not use d-cache in
* U-Boot. So, in this function we clean only MMU. by scsuh
*
* void theLastJump(void *kernel, int arch_num, uint boot_params);
*/ #ifdef CONFIG_ENABLE_MMU
.globl theLastJump
theLastJump:
之前加上以下语句 /* * copy U-Boot to SDRAM and jump to ram (from NAND or OneNAND)
* r0: size to be compared
* Load 1'st 2blocks to RAM because U-boot's size is larger than 1block(128k) size
*/ //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
.globl copy_from_nand
copy_from_nand:
mov r10, lr
/* save return address */ mov r9, r0
/* get ready to call C functions */ ldr sp, _TEXT_PHY_BASE
/* setup temp stack pointer */ sub sp, sp, #12
mov fp, #0
/* no previous frame, so fp=0 */ mov r9, #0x1000
bl copy_uboot_to_ram
//此函数需要添加,稍后说明。 3: tst r0, #0x0
bne copy_failed
ldr r0, =0x0c000000
ldr r1, _TEXT_PHY_BASE
1: ldr r3, [r0], #4
ldr r4, [r1], #4
teq r3, r4
bne compare_failed
/* not matched */ subs r9, r9, #4
bne 1b
4: mov lr, r10
/* all is OK */ mov pc, lr
copy_failed:
nop
/* copy from nand failed */ b copy_failed
compare_failed:
nop
/* compare failed */ b compare_failed |
接着进入u-boot-2010.03/include/configs编辑smdk6410.h,添加下面的宏定义;
1.
1
|
#definevirt_to_phys(x) virt_to_phy_smdk6410(x) |
2.
1
|
#defineCONFIG_SYS_PROMPT "SMDK6410#" /*MonitorCommandPrompt */ |
1
|
这里的”SMDK6410”可以自己修改,这就是你进入uboot的命令模式的#前面的文字。 |
1
|
|
1
2
|
//#definePHYS_SDRAM_1_SIZE 0x08000000 /*128MBinBank#1 */
#definePHYS_SDRAM_1_SIZE 0x10000000 /*256MBinBank#1 */ |
1
|
修改SDRAM内存为256M的。 |
1
|
|
1
2
3
4
|
/*NANDconfiguration*/ #defineNAND_DISABLE_CE()(NFCONT_REG|= (1<<1))
#defineNAND_ENABLE_CE()(NFCONT_REG&=~(1<<1))
#defineNF_TRANSRnB() do{while(!(NFSTAT_REG&(1<<0)));}while(0) |
1
|
这里的定义是后面写nand_cp.c要用到的宏定义 |
1
|
|
1
2
3
4
5
|
/* *Architecturemagicandmachinetype
*/ //#define MACH_TYPE 1270/*smdk6400ID*/
#defineMACH_TYPE 1626/*smdk6410ID*/ |
1
|
6410的ID号; |
1
|
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
/* *Sizeofmalloc()pool
*/ //#define CONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_LEN (CONFIG_ENV_SIZE+1024*1024)
#defineCONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_LEN (CONFIG_ENV_SIZE+512*1024)
#defineCONFIG_SYS_GBL_DATA_SIZE 128 /*sizeinbytesforinitialdata*/ |
1
|
修改内存大小; |
1
|
|
1
|
#defineCONFIG_BOOTDELAY 3 |
1
|
修改bootdelay延迟时间 |
1
|
|
1
2
3
4
|
//#define CONFIG_SYS_MEMTEST_END (CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_BASE +0x7e00000)
/*126MBinDRAM*/ #defineCONFIG_SYS_MEMTEST_END (CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_BASE +0x9e00000)
/*256MBinDRAM*/ |
1
|
修改SDROM大小; |
1
|
|
1
2
3
4
|
/*the PWMTImer4usesacounterof15625for10ms,soweneed*/ /*ittowrap100times (total1562500)toget1sec.*/ //#define CONFIG_SYS_HZ 1000 //atPCLK50MHz
#defineCONFIG_SYS_HZ 1562500 |
1
|
时钟修改; |
1
|
10. |
1
2
|
//#define CONFIG_STACKSIZE 0x40000 /*regularstack256KB*/
#defineCONFIG_STACKSIZE 0x80000 /*regularstack512KB*/ |
1
|
堆栈大小修改; |
1
|
11. |
1
2
|
//#define PHYS_SDRAM_1_SIZE 0x08000000 /*128MBinBank#1 */
#definePHYS_SDRAM_1_SIZE0x10000000 /*256MBinBank#1 */ |
1
|
Nand Flash每块大小修改; |
1
|
12. |
1
2
|
//#define CONFIG_ENV_SIZE 0x4000 /*TotalSizeofEnvironmentSector*/
#defineCONFIG_ENV_SIZE 0x80000 /*TotalSizeofEnvironmentSector*/ |
1
|
Total Size of Environment Sector修改; |
1
|
13. |
1
2
3
4
|
//#define CONFIG_BOOTCOMMAND "nand read 0x50018000 0x60000 0x1c0000;"\
//"bootm0x50018000"
#define CONFIG_BOOTCOMMAND "nand read 0x50018000 0x100000 0x500000;"\
"bootm0x50018000" |
1
|
CONFIG_BOOTCOMMAND修改 |
1
|
14. |
1
|
#defineCONFIG_ENV_OFFSET 0x0080000 |
1
|
CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET修改 |
1
|
15. |
1
2
|
//#define CONFIG_SYS_NAND_PAGE_SIZE 2048
#defineCONFIG_SYS_NAND_PAGE_SIZE 4096 |
1
|
Nand Flash每一页大小的修改 |
1
|
16. |
1
2
3
|
/*NANDchipblocksize */ //#define CONFIG_SYS_NAND_BLOCK_SIZE (128*1024)
#defineCONFIG_SYS_NAND_BLOCK_SIZE (512*1024) |
1
|
Nand Flash每一块大小的修改 |
1
|
17. |
1
2
3
|
/*NANDchippageperblockcount */ //#define CONFIG_SYS_NAND_PAGE_COUNT 64
#defineCONFIG_SYS_NAND_PAGE_COUNT 128 |
1
|
校验位修改 |
1
|
并将里面的所有6400除了(#define CONFIG_S3C6400 1)替换为6410 |
1
|
|
1
|
接下来在u-boot-2010.03/cpu/arm1176/下面新建一个nand_cp.c文件,代码如下: |
1
2
3
4
|
#include<common.h>
#ifdefCONFIG_S3C64XX
#include<asm/io.h>
#include<linux/mtd/nand.h> |
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
|
#include<asm/arch/s3c6410.h>
staticintnandll_read_page(uchar*buf,ulongaddr,intlarge_block)
{ inti; intpage_size=512;
/* 2K */ if (large_block==1)
page_size=2048;
/* 4K */ if (large_block==2)
page_size=4096;
NAND_ENABLE_CE();
NFCMD_REG=NAND_CMD_READ0;
/*WriteAddress*/ NFADDR_REG=0;
if (large_block)
NFADDR_REG=0; |
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
|
NFADDR_REG=(addr)&0xff;
NFADDR_REG=(addr>>8)&0xff;
NFADDR_REG=(addr>>16)&0xff;
/* #defineNFCMD_REG
__REG(ELFIN_NAND_BASE+NFCMMD_OFFSET)
#defineELFIN_NAND_BASE 0x70200000
#defineNFCMMD_OFFSET 0x08
NFCMD_REG=(*( (volatileu32*) (0x70200008) ))
NFCMMD 0x70200008 NANDFlash命令设置寄存器0 |
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
|
#define NAND_CMD_READSTART 0x30
*/ if (large_block)
NFCMD_REG=NAND_CMD_READSTART;
/* define NF_TRANSRnB()
do{ while( !( NFSTAT_REG&(1<<0) ) ); }while(0)
#define NFSTAT_REG
__REG(ELFIN_NAND_BASE+NFSTAT_OFFSET)
NFSTAT_REG=(*( (volatileu32*) (0x70200028) ))
NFSTAT 0x70200028 NANDFlash操作状态寄存器
*/ NF_TRANSRnB(); |
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
|
/*forcompatibility(2460).u32cannotbeused.byscsuh*/ for (i=0;i<page_size;i++)
{ *buf++=NFDATA8_REG;
} /* #defineNAND_DISABLE_CE()(NFCONT_REG|= (1<<1))
#defineNFCONT_REG
__REG(ELFIN_NAND_BASE+NFCONT_OFFSET)
#define__REG(x) (*((volatileu32*)(x)))
#defineELFIN_NAND_BASE 0x70200000
#defineNFCONT_OFFSET 0x04
*/ NAND_DISABLE_CE();
return0; } |
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
|
staticintnandll_read_blocks(ulongdst_addr,ulongsize, int
large_block) { uchar*buf=(uchar*)dst_addr;
inti; uintpage_shift=9;
if (large_block==1)
page_shift=11;
/*Readpages*/ if (large_block==2)
page_shift=12;
if (large_block==2)
{ /*Readpages*/ for (i=0;i<4;i++,buf+=(1<<(page_shift-1)))
{ nandll_read_page(buf,i,large_block);
} /*Readpages*/ /* 0x3c000 = 111100000000000000 */ |
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
|
for (i=4;i<(0x3c000>>page_shift);i++,buf+=(1<<page_shift))
{ nandll_read_page(buf,i,large_block);
} } else { for (i=0;i<(0x3c000>>page_shift);i++,buf+=(1<<page_shift))
{ nandll_read_page(buf,i,large_block);
} } return0; |
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
|
} intcopy_uboot_to_ram( void )
{ intlarge_block =0;
inti; vu_charid; /* #defineNAND_ENABLE_CE() (NFCONT_REG&=~(1<<1))
#defineNFCONT_REG
__REG(ELFIN_NAND_BASE+NFCONT_OFFSET)
#define__REG(x) (*((volatileu32*)(x)))
#defineELFIN_NAND_BASE 0x70200000
#defineNFCONT_OFFSET 0x04
NFCONT_REG=(*( (volatileu32*) (0x70200004) ))
NFCONT0x70200004 读/写NANDFlash控制寄存器
[0]1:NANDFlash控制器使能
*/ NAND_ENABLE_CE(); |
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
/* #defineNFCMD_REG
__REG(ELFIN_NAND_BASE+NFCMMD_OFFSET)
#defineELFIN_NAND_BASE 0x70200000
#defineNFCMMD_OFFSET 0x08
NFCMD_REG=(*( (volatileu32*) (0x70200008) ))
NFCMMD 0x70200008 NANDFlash命令设置寄存器0
#defineNAND_CMD_READID 0x90 |
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
|
*/ NFCMD_REG=NAND_CMD_READID;
* #defineNFADDR_REG
__REG(ELFIN_NAND_BASE+NFADDR_OFFSET)
#defineELFIN_NAND_BASE 0x70200000
#defineNFADDR_OFFSET 0x0C
NFADDR_REG =(*( (volatileu32*) (0x7020000C) ))
NFADDR0x7020000C NANDFlash地址设置寄存器
*/ NFADDR_REG= 0x00; |
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
|
/* #define NFDATA8_REG
__REGb(ELFIN_NAND_BASE+NFDATA_OFFSET)
#define__REGb(x) (*(vu_char*)(x))
NFDATA8_REG = (*( (vu_char*) (0x70200010) ))
NFDATA0x70200010 读/写NANDFlash数据寄存器
NANDFlash 读/烧写数据值用于I/O
*/ /*waitforawhile*/ for (i=0;i<200;i++);
id=NFDATA8_REG;
id=NFDATA8_REG;
if (id>0x80)
large_block=1;
if (id ==0xd5)
large_block=2; |
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
|
/*readNANDBlock.
*128KB->240KBbecauseofU-Bootsizeincrease.byscsuh
*So,read0x3c000bytesnot0x20000(128KB).
*/ /* #define CONFIG_SYS_PHY_UBOOT_BASE
(CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_BASE+0x07e00000)
#define CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_BASE 0x50000000
CONFIG_SYS_PHY_UBOOT_BASE= 0x57e00000
0x3c000 = 1M
*/ returnnandll_read_blocks(CONFIG_SYS_PHY_UBOOT_BASE,0x3c000,large_block);
} #endif |
1
|
|
1
|
修改u-boot-2010.03/cpu/arm1176/Makefile,在COBJS = cpu.o后面加nand_cp.o |
1
|
COBJS = cpu.o nand_cp.o |
1
|
修改u-boot-2010.03/board/samsung/smdk6410/u-boot-nand.lds,添加nand_cp.o 如下: |
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
{ cpu /arm1176/start .o (.text)
cpu /arm1176/s3c64xx/cpu_init .o (.text)
board /samsung/smdk6410/lowlevel_init .o (.text)
cpu /arm1176/nand_cp .o(.text)
lib_arm /board .o (.text)
*(.text) } |
1
|
修改u-boot-2010.03/cpu/arm1176/u-boot.lds,添加nand_cp.o,如下: |
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
{ cpu /arm1176/start .o(.text)
cpu /arm1176/s3c64xx/cpu_init .o (.text)
board /samsung/smdk6410/lowlevel_init .o (.text)
cpu /arm1176/nand_cp .o(.text)
lib_arm /board .o (.text)
*(.text) } |
1
|
进入u-boot-2010.03/nand_spl/board/samsung,复制一个smdk6410,修改Makefile,作如下修改: |
1
|
COBJS =nand_boot.onand_ecc.os3c64xx.onand_cp.o |
1
|
在下面代码 |
1
2
3
4
|
#fromSoCdirectory
$(obj)cpu_init.S:
@ rm -f$@
@ ln -s$(TOPDIR) /cpu/arm1176/s3c64xx/cpu_init .S$@ |
1
|
之后添加 |
1
2
3
|
$(obj)nand_cp.c:
@ rm -f$@
@ ln -s$(TOPDIR) /cpu/arm1176/nand_cp .c$@ |
1
|
修改u-boot-2010.03/board/samsung/smdk6410/lowlevel_init.S,修改 /*LEDononly#8*/ LED灯的测试代码,将所有灯点亮,修改为: |
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
|
/* LED on only
#8 */ ldr r0, =ELFIN_GPIO_BASE
ldr r1, =0x0001111
str r1, [r0,
#GPMCON_OFFSET] ldr r1, 0x000aaa
str r1, [r0,
#GPNPUD_OFFSET] ldr r1, =0x0000
str r1, [r0,
#GPNDAT_OFFSET] |
1
|
配置,编译,生成u-boot.bin,下到开发板上如下所示: |
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
|
U-Boot 2010.03 ( 8��月 04 2012 - 21:49:40)
for SMDK6410
CPU: S3C6400@533MHz
Fclk = 533MHz, Hclk = 133MHz, Pclk = 66MHz (ASYNC Mode)
Board: SMDK6410
DRAM: 256 MB
Flash: 0 kB
NAND: No oob scheme define
for oobsize 32 |
1
|
|
1
2
3
4
5
|
2048 MiB *** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
In:serial |
1
2
|
Out:serial |
1
2
|
Err:serial |
1
2
|
Net:cs8900 |
1
2
3
4
|
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
板子上的4盏LED全亮! |
1
|
这就完成了u-boot移植的第一步。 |
1
|
|
1
|
网卡DM9000移植: |
1
|
在u-boot-2010.03 /include/configs/smdk6410 .h中将CS8900的宏定义注释掉: |
1
2
3
4
|
// #define CONFIG_NET_MULTI
// #define CONFIG_CS8900 /*wehaveaCS8900on-board*/
// #define CONFIG_CS8900_BASE 0x18800300
// #define CONFIG_CS8900_BUS16 /*followthe Linuxdriver*/ |
1
|
然后添加DM9000网卡的宏定义: |
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
|
#defineCONFIG_NET_MULTI 1
#defineCONFIG_DM9000_NO_SROM 1
#defineCONFIG_dm9000
#defineCONFIG_DRIVER_DM9000 1
#defineCONFIG_DM9000_BASE 0x18800300
#defineDM9000_IO CONFIG_DM9000_BASE
#defineDM9000_DATA (CONFIG_DM9000_BASE+4)
#defineCONFIG_DM9000_USE_16BIT
#defineCONFIG_ETHADDR 00:40:5c:26:0a:5b
#defineCONFIG_NETMASK 255.255.255.0
#defineCONFIG_IPADDR 192.168.1.20
#defineCONFIG_SERVERIP 192.168.1.10
#defineCONFIG_GATEWAYIP 192.168.1.1 |
1
|
// #define CONFIG_DM9000_DEBUG |
1
|
上面的IP和网关、子网掩码等根据自己的具体情况进行修改。接着打开u-boot-2010.03/net/eth.c,并且进入到函数inteth_initialize(bd_t*bis)中,在: |
1
2
3
|
#ifdefined(CONFIG_DB64460)|| defined(CONFIG_P3Mx)
mv6446x_eth_initialize(bis);
#endif |
后面添加:
1
|
同样在u-boot-2010.03/net/net.c, |
1
|
1.将 |
1
|
#defineARP_TIMEOUT 5000UL /*MillisecondsbeforetryingARPagain*/ |
1
|
修改为 |
1
|
#defineARP_TIMEOUT 5 /*MillisecondsbeforetryingARPagain*/ |
2. 将
1
|
if ((t-NetArpWaitTimerStart)>ARP_TIMEOUT) |
修改为
1
|
if ((t-NetArpWaitTimerStart)>ARP_TIMEOUT*CONFIG_SYS_HZ |
3. 将
1
|
NetSetTimeout(10000UL,PingTimeout); |
修改为
1
|
NetSetTimeout(10*CONFIG_SYS_HZ,PingTimeout); |
接着进入u-boot-2010.03/net/tftp.c,找到void TftpStart(void)函数,用#if0 #endif注释掉下面的程序:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
|
#if0 /* *Allowthe usertochooseTFTPblocksizeandtimeout
*TFTPprotocolhasaminimaltimeoutof1second.
*/ if ((ep=getenv( "tftpblocksize" ))!=NULL)
TftpBlkSizeOption=simple_strtol(ep,NULL,10);
if ((ep=getenv( "tftptimeout" ))!=NULL)
TftpTimeoutMSecs=simple_strtol(ep,NULL,10);
if (TftpTimeoutMSecs<1000){
printf ( "TFTPtimeout(%ldms)toolow," "setminimum=1000ms\n" ,
TftpTimeoutMSecs);
TftpTimeoutMSecs=1000;
} debug( "TFTPblocksize=%i,timeout=%ldms\n" , |
1
2
|
TftpBlkSizeOption,TftpTimeoutMSecs);
#endif |
再编译,下载,运行情况如下:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
|
U-Boot 2010.03 ( 8��月 04 2012 - 21:49:40)
for SMDK6410
CPU: S3C6400@533MHz
Fclk = 533MHz, Hclk = 133MHz, Pclk = 66MHz (ASYNC Mode)
Board: SMDK6410
DRAM: 256 MB
Flash: 0 kB
NAND: No oob scheme define
for oobsize 32 |
1
|
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
|
2048 MiB *** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial |
1
2
3
4
5
|
Net: dm9000
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 |
Nandflash读写:
nandflash的控制都是这个套路,因为这就是硬件协议,先使能芯片->发送命令->发送地址序列->读或写数据寄存器->判断准备就绪状态->禁止芯片,这是对nand flash操作的大体过程,根据发送命令的不同还有些区别。
进入u-boot-2010.03/driver/mtd/nand/,修改nand_ids.c,作如下修改:
1
2
|
// { "NAND 2GiB3,3V8-bit" ,0xD5,0,2048,0,LP_OPTIONS},
{ "NAND2GiB3,3V8-bit" , 0xD5,4096,2048,512*1024,LP_OPTIONS}, |
编译下载,运行如下:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
|
U-Boot 2010.03 ( 8��月 04 2012 - 21:49:40)
for SMDK6410
CPU: S3C6400@533MHz
Fclk = 533MHz, Hclk = 133MHz, Pclk = 66MHz (ASYNC Mode)
Board: SMDK6410
DRAM: 256 MB
Flash: 0 kB
NAND: raise: Signal
# 8 caught raise: Signal
# 8 caught raise: Signal
# 8 caught 2048 MiB
*** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial |
1
2
3
4
5
|
Net: dm9000
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 |
在NAND: 后面出现raise: Signal # 8 caught这些信息,虽然不影响运行,但是确实是一个BUG,花了一天的时间在网上查了一下,都是关于2410的,偶然在网上看到一位朋友也是碰到同样的问题,修改跟移植2410的一样处理,我试了,
修改/cpu/arm/arm1176/s3c64xx/timer.c,
imer_load_val用gd->timer_rate_hz替代;
timer_clk用gd->tbl替代;
timestamp用gd->timer_reset_value替代;
lastdec用gd->lastinc替代。
编译的时候出现gd_t这个结构体根本就没有timer_rate_hz这几个成员变量,可能是版本的原因,在论坛上求助说修改lib_arm/eabi_compact.c,直接将printf("raise: Signal # %d caught\n", signum);注释掉,至今我是这样解决的,不影响启动。修改后启动如下:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
|
U-Boot 2010.03 ( 8��月 04 2012 - 21:49:40)
for SMDK6410
CPU: S3C6400@533MHz
Fclk = 533MHz, Hclk = 133MHz, Pclk = 66MHz (ASYNC Mode)
Board: SMDK6410
DRAM: 256 MB
Flash: 0 kB
NAND: 2048 MiB
*** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial |
1
2
3
4
5
|
Net: dm9000
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 |
这下正常了!
添加自己的命令:
boot有许多指令,nandinfo,set 等等。现在我们来给u-boot添加我们想要的指令。
U-Boot的每一个命令都是通过U_Boot_CMD宏定义的。这个宏在include/command.h头文件中定义,每一个命令定义一个cmd_tbl_t结构体。
这样每一个U-Boot命令有一个结构体来描述。结构体包含的成员变量:命令名称、最大参数个数、重复数、命令执行函数、用法、帮助。
从控制台输入的命令是由common/command.c中的程序解释执行的。(这就是我要找的)find_cmd()负责匹配输入的命令,从列表中找出对应的命令结构体。
基于U-Boot命令的基本框架,来分析一下简单的icache操作命令,就可以知道添加新命令的方法。
(1)定义CACHE命令。在include/cmd_confdefs.h中定义了所有U-Boot命令的标志位。
如果有更多的命令,也要在这里添加定义。
(2)实现CACHE命令的操作函数。下面是common/cmd_cache.c文件中icache命令部分的代码。
U-Boot的命令都是通过结构体__U_Boot_cmd_##name来描述的。根据U_Boot_CMD在include/command.h中的两行定义可以明白。
还有,不要忘了在common/Makefile中添加编译的目标文件。
(3)打开CONFIG_COMMANDS选项的命令标志位。这个程序文件开头有#if语句需要预处理是否包含这个命令函数。CONFIG_COMMANDS选项在开发板的配置文件中定义。例如:SMDK2410平台在include/configs/smdk2410.h中有如下定义。
按照这3步,就可以添加新的U-Boot命令。
这下我们就知道怎样添加自己的Uboot命令了,下面我以添加info命令为例:
1. 进入u-boot-2010.03/commom文件夹,新建cmd_info.c文件。代码如下:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
#include<common.h>
#include<command.h>
int
do_info(cmd_tbl_t*cmdtp,intflag,intargc, char *constargv[])
{ printf ( "u-boot is made by lixiaoming!\n" );
return0; } U_BOOT_CMD(info,CONFIG_SYS_MAXARGS,1,do_info, "usageinfo" ,
"helpinfo" ); |
2. 然后在common/Makefile 中 的#command 添 加 如 下 内 容 :
1
|
COBJS-$(CONFIG_CMD_INFO)+=cmd_hello.o |
3. 在u-boot-2010.03/include/config_cmd_default.h中添加CONFIG_CMD_INFO命令,同时也在config_cmd_all.c中定义
这下编译,下载,运行进入uboot命令模式后输入:info,就会显示信息了;
1
2
|
SMDK6410 # info
u-boot is made by lixiaoming! |
内核引导:
由于uboot只能引导uImage,因此需要把编译成的zImage转换成uImage,先进入u-boot根目录下,把tools/下mkimage复制到主机的/bin目录下,然后进入到linux-3.0.4/下输入指令:make uImage。
#defineCONFIG_BOOTARGS "root=/dev/mtdblock2 rootfstype=yaffs2 console=ttySAC0,115200"
是在smdk6410.h里面。这要根据linux内核mach-ok6410.c中的:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
staticstructmtd_partitionok6410_nand_part[]={
{ .name = "Bootloader" ,
.offset =0,
.size =(1*SZ_1M),
.mask_flags =MTD_CAP_NANDFLASH,
}, { |
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
|
.name = "Kernel" ,
.offset =(1*SZ_1M),
.size =(5*SZ_1M),
.mask_flags =MTD_CAP_NANDFLASH,
}, { .name = "User" ,
.offset =(6*SZ_1M),
.size =(120*SZ_1M),
}, { .name = "FileSystem" ,
.offset =MTDPART_OFS_APPEND,
.size =MTDPART_SIZ_FULL,
} }; |
上面主要是对MTD进行分区,可以自己分配,不过一定要把Uboot与内核结合起来。
到此,自己的6410开发板的Uboot基本移植成功,现在自己可以添加命令了,后面的就可以添加启动后进入主菜单实现下载等功能的命令,在后面的几天我也移植了Linux3.0.4内核到开发板上,成功运行,并移植支持yaff2文件系统的读写,再后面自己制作文件系统镜像,成功运行完整的嵌入式系统!
在移植的过程中感谢网上朋友的无私分享,我也记录一下自己的移植工程,与大家一起共同进步,有一天可以成为嵌入式牛人!
参照文章:
宁静致远的文章《基于OK6410的u-boot2010.03移植过程》 (http://wenku.baidu.com/view/ae78a00390c69ec3d5bb75ce.html?st=1)
懒惰人的懒惰事 (http://hi.baidu.com/shangyefeng/item/4df893ee978c5e245b2d646f)