XPathNavigator类包含移动和选择XML所需元素的所有方法。
一、创建:CreateNavigator
- XPathNavigator类,如果是从XPathDocument中创建,则是只读的,只能浏览数据;
- XPathNavigator类,如果是从XmlDocument中创建,则可以编辑文档;
XPathDocument doc = new XPathDocument("./books.xml"); XPathNavigator nav = ((IXPathNavigable)doc).CreateNavigator();
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument(); doc.Load("./books.xml"); XPathNavigator nav2 = doc.CreateNavigator();
二、读取:Select()
- 使用Select()方法通过XPath语句查询,得到XPathNodeIterator对象;
- 遍历XPathNodeIterator迭代器,MoveNext()方法移动下一个节点;Current属性表示当前节点;
//查询bookstore的子元素book中genre属性值为novel的所有节点 XPathNodeIterator iter = nav.Select("/bookstore/book[@genre='novel']"); while (iter.MoveNext()) { //迭代所有子代节点 XPathNodeIterator newIter = iter.Current.SelectDescendants(XPathNodeType.Element, false); while (newIter.MoveNext()) { Console.WriteLine(newIter.Current.Name + " : " + newIter.Current.Value); } }
三、计算:Evaluate
使用Evaluate()方法计算表达式的值;
//统计图书总价 Console.WriteLine("Total price = {0}", nav.Evaluate("sum(bookstore/book/price)"));
四、编辑
插入节点:先检查CanEdit属性是否为true,再使用InsertAfter()方法插入新节点。
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument(); doc.Load("./books.xml"); XPathNavigator nav2 = doc.CreateNavigator(); //判断是否可编辑 if (nav2.CanEdit) { XPathNodeIterator iter = nav2.Select("bookstore/book/price"); while (iter.MoveNext()) { //在当前节点之后插入新节点 iter.Current.InsertAfter("<disc>5</disc>"); } } doc.Save("./newBooks.xml");
五、转换XmlReader ,XmlWriter
通过XPathNavigator转换为XmlReader ,XmlWriter读写数据
//读: XmlReader reader=nav.ReadSubtree(); while(reader.Read()) {
Console.Write(reader.ReadOuterXml());
} //写: XmlWriter writer=XmlWriter.Create("./1.xml"); nav.WriteSubtree(writer); writer.Close();