1:查看 linux下是否有老版本的mysql(有删除)
查找old mysql:rpm -qa | grep mysql
卸载:卸载命令:rpm –ev {包名}——:rpm -ev mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64
查找老版本mysql相关的安装目录命令:find / -name mysql
若查找到相关目录使用命令:rm –rf {目录名}:删除目录
2:查看 linux 下是否安装 mariadb 数据库(有的话需要删除,因为有冲突)
检查是否安装了 mariadb: rpm -qamariadb | grep
删除mariadb:rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
3:创建mysql存放目录(/root/software)
创建文件夹:mkdir /root/software
解压到当前文件夹,并把解压后文件移动到指定文件夹并修文件夹名称:
解压:tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
移动并修改名字:mv mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
4:创建主目录(data:存储目录)
创建主目录:mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data
5:主目录权限处理(查看是否有就得用户,有删除并新建用户)
查看组和用户情况:cat /etc/group | grep mysql
查看组和用户情况:cat /etc/passwd |grep mysql
若存在,则删除原mysql用户:userdel -r mysql,会删除其对应的组和用户并在次查看。
创建mysql组:groupadd mysql
创建mysql用户:useradd -r -g mysql mysql
修改目录拥有者:chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
6:创建配置文件及相关目录(如果在这个路径下已经存在的话就不用创建了)
创建配置文件:vim /etc/my.cnf
文件模板:
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It‘s a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
[mysqld]
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
# basedir = .....
# datadir = .....
# port = .....
# server_id = .....
# socket = .....
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
修改配置文件内容:注意要在模板的 [mysqld] 下面去修改(basedir:mysql安装路径,datadir:数据存储目录)
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
pid-file=/tmp/mysqld/mysqld.pid
character-set-server = utf8
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
保存退出:wq!
创建文件/tmp/mysql.sock:设置用户组及用户,授权
cd /tmp
touch mysql.sock
chown mysql:mysql mysql.sock
chmod 755 mysql.sock
创建文件/tmp/mysqld/mysqld.pid
mkdir mysqld
cd mysqld
touch mysqld.pid
cd ..
chown -R mysql:mysql mysqld
cd mysqld
chmod 755 mysqld.pid
创建文件/var/log/mysqld.log:
touch /var/log/mysqld.log
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log
cd /var/log
chmod 755 mysqld.log
7:安装和初始化数据库
进入初始化目录:cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
初始化数据库:./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
如果报错:(./mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory)
需要安装命令:yum -y install numactl
之后在执行初始化数据库:./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
8:安全启动:
./mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
之后回车进入到bin目录
查看是否成功:ps -ef | grep mysql
默认密码在mysqld.log日志里, 找到后保存到安全的地方:cat /var/log/mysqld.log
其中root@localhost: 后面的就是默认密码,后面登录用(D;J.ogLj8ETr)
进入bin目录:
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
登录mysql:
./mysql -u root -p
但是,若输入相关命令,则会提示你修改用户密码(注意后面一定要加;)。
show databases;
密码修改为 aaa
mysql> set password=password("aaa");
9:设置远程登录权限(在mysql里面设置)
mysql>grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'aaa';
刷新登录权限:
mysql> flush privileges;
退出quit 或者 exit
mysql> quit;
10:开机服务启动设置:
把support-files/mysql.server 拷贝为/etc/init.d/mysql:
命令:cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
查看是否成功:(名字为mysql)
cd /etc/init.d/
ll
查看mysql服务是否在服务配置中
chkconfig --list mysql
若没有,则把mysql注册为开机启动的服务,然后在进行查看
chkconfig --add mysql
chkconfig --list mysql
启动 或 停止
service mysql start
service mysql stop
11:创建快捷方式:
服务启动后,直接运行mysql -u root -p即可登录,不需要进入到对应的目录。
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin
12:使用Navicat 连接数据库时会出现(2003)
说明你的防火墙没有关。
解决方案:
//临时关闭 systemctl stop firewalld
//禁止开机启动
systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.