• python开发学习-day06(模块拾忆、面向对象)


    s12-20160130-day06

    pytho自动化开发 day06

    Date:2016.02.20

        @南非波波
    

    课程大纲:

    day05

    http://www.cnblogs.com/alex3714/articles/5161349.html

    day06

    http://www.cnblogs.com/alex3714/articles/5188179.html

    一、模块回顾

    1. os模块

    2. sys模块

    3. shutil模块

    高级的 文件、文件夹、压缩包 处理模块

    shutil.copyfileobj(fsrc, fdst[, length])

    功能:将文件内容拷贝到另一个文件中,可以部分内容
    

    shutil.copyfile(src, dst)

    功能:仅拷贝文件
    

    shutil.copymode(src, dst)

    功能:仅拷贝权限,内容、组、用户均不变
    

    shutil.copystat(src, dst)

    功能:拷贝状态的信息,包括:mode bits, atime, mtime, flags
    

    shutil.copy(src, dst)

    功能:拷贝文件和权限
    

    shutil.copy2(src, dst)

    功能:拷贝文件和状态信息
    
    1. zipfile
    
    
    2. tarfile
    

    4. shelve模块

    二次封装pickle模块功能,对比pickle而言,shelve实现了按照‘键’来取值

    示例:

    #!/usr/local/env python3
    '''
    Author:@南非波波
    Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/songqingbo/
    E-mail:qingbo.song@gmail.com
    '''
    import shelve
    
    name = ['swht','shen','test']
    class Test(object):
        def __init__(self,n):
            self.n = n
    t1 = Test(1234)
    t2 = Test(123456)
    
    #存数据
    # shelve_file = shelve.open('ret.txt')
    # shelve_file['use'] = name
    # shelve_file['t1'] = t1
    # shelve_file['t2'] = t2
    # shelve_file.close()
    
    #取数据
    shelve_load = shelve.open('ret.txt')
    a = shelve_load.get('use')
    print(a)
    b = shelve_load.get('t1')
    print(b.n)
    c = shelve_load.get('t2')
    print(c.n)
    shelve_load.close()
    

    5.configparser模块

    示例:

    #!/usr/local/env python3
    '''
    Author:@南非波波
    Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/songqingbo/
    E-mail:qingbo.song@gmail.com
    '''
    import configparser
    
    #生成文档
    #["DEFAULT"]是一个全局模块,对所有的模块生效
    '''
    config = configparser.ConfigParser()
    config["DEFAULT"] = {'ServerAliveInterval': '45',
                          'Compression': 'yes',
                         'CompressionLevel': '9'}
    
    config['bitbucket.org'] = {}
    config['bitbucket.org']['User'] = 'hg'
    config['topsecret.server.com'] = {}
    topsecret = config['topsecret.server.com']
    topsecret['Host Port'] = '50022'     # mutates the parser
    topsecret['ForwardX11'] = 'no'  # same here
    config['DEFAULT']['ForwardX11'] = 'yes'
    with open('example.ini', 'w') as configfile:
       config.write(configfile)
    '''
    
    #查询
    '''
    config = configparser.ConfigParser()
    config.read('example.ini')
    print(config.sections())  #['bitbucket.org', 'topsecret.server.com']
    if 'bitbucket.org' in config:
        print('True')
    print("['bitbucket.org']['User']:",config['bitbucket.org']['User'])
    print("['bitbucket.org']['Compression']:",config['bitbucket.org']['Compression'])
    for key in config['bitbucket.org']:
        print(key)
    '''
    #读
    '''
    config = configparser.ConfigParser()
    config.read('example.ini')
    secs = config.sections()
    print(secs) #['bitbucket.org', 'topsecret.server.com']
    
    options = config.options('topsecret.server.com')
    print(options) #['host port', 'forwardx11', 'compression', 'serveraliveinterval', 'compressionlevel']
    
    item_list = config.items('bitbucket.org')
    print(item_list) #[('compression', 'yes'), ('serveraliveinterval', '45'), ('compressionlevel', '9'), ('forwardx11', 'yes'), ('user', 'hg')]
    
    val = config.get('bitbucket.org','compression')
    print(val)
    '''
    
    #改写
    config = configparser.ConfigParser()
    config.read('example.ini')
    
    #实现从原来的文件中读取,删除[bitbucket.org]模块后将其他内容写到example_new.ini文件中
    # sec = config.remove_section('bitbucket.org')
    # config.write(open('example_new.ini', "w"))
    
    #添加[swht]模块
    # sec = config.has_section('swht')
    # sec = config.add_section('swht')
    # config.write(open('example_new1.ini', "w"))
    

    6. hashlib模块

    该模块提供了多个算法对字符串进行加密操作。

    示例代码:

    #!/usr/local/env python3
    '''
    Author:@南非波波
    Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/songqingbo/
    E-mail:qingbo.song@gmail.com
    '''
    import hashlib
    
    '''
    #md5加密
    md5num = hashlib.md5()
    md5num.update(b"shendiaoxia1278@sohu.com")
    print(md5num.hexdigest()) #7e023c9fafc96423da854e4923f466a1
    '''
    
    '''
    #sha1加密
    sha1num = hashlib.sha1()
    sha1num.update(b"shendiaoxia1278@sohu.com")
    print(sha1num.hexdigest()) #dd8d5deaa16c2dde03785aac99943f8f75bfaba9
    '''
    
    '''
    #sha256加密
    hash = hashlib.sha256()
    hash.update(b"shendiaoxia1278@sohu.com")
    print(hash.hexdigest()) #14b03e2271da2cc9b0cc3ff73727c6d3ba6ba17077470a92162f7b46c9d1d968
    '''
    
    '''
    #sha384加密
    hash = hashlib.sha384()
    hash.update(b"shendiaoxia1278@sohu.com")
    print(hash.hexdigest()) #a27bbc0d66d6b8b00a7ebfcad662ebed385fe2098898dfe23b88ffa88e1b6565d82e7eee5c9950c90231d0c0aa286e00
    '''
    
    '''
    #sha512加密
    hash = hashlib.sha512()
    hash.update(b"shendiaoxia1278@sohu.com")
    print(hash.hexdigest()) #42bb1886bba49373c8f8177fba32a58a1f31af7272219789db52776428789f4a39970da9a36fdef6ab76651ed9f07e0fa140e4fa7dd325cb52559389bb80ceab
    '''
    

    高级加密代码

    '''
    # import hashlib
    
    # ######## md5 #######
    hash = hashlib.md5(b'898oaFs09f')
    hash.update(b"shendiaoxia1278@sohu.com")
    print(hash.hexdigest()) #2aa29d812ca08b39d96f9441775420ba
    '''
    
    '''
    import hmac
    
    #可以使用在用户登录的时候,使用用户输入的用户名和密码进行加密后作为用户的密码
    
    hash = hmac.new(b"shendiaoxia1278@sohu.com")
    hash.update(b"swht")
    print(hash.hexdigest()) #c65d9bc3f37d6cfb9a9c959a18463bf4
    
    '''
    

    7. subprocess模块

    1. python2.7
    
        import subprocess
        #默认状态shell = False,必须使用一个列表的方式将shell命令传递进去
        ret = subprocess.call(["ls", "-l"], shell=False)
        #使用shell = True告诉subprocess模块对用户传入的shell命令不转义,即使用原生shell命令
        ret = subprocess.call("ls -l", shell=True)
    
    
    2. python3.5
    

    8. logging模块

    示例:

    #!/usr/local/env python3
    '''
    Author:@南非波波
    Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/songqingbo/
    E-mail:qingbo.song@gmail.com
    '''
    import logging
    
    # logging.warning("user [swht] is start the systerm!")
    # logging.critical("server is down!")
    #创建日志
    logger = logging.getLogger('[Test-Log]')
    logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    
    #创建一个控制台的handler并设置日志级别
    ch = logging.StreamHandler()
    ch.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    
    #创建一个文件的handler并设置日志级别
    fh = logging.FileHandler("access.log")
    fh.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
    #创建日期格式
    
    fomatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(name)s %(levelname)s %(message)s',datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
    
    #add formatter to ch and fh
    ch.setFormatter(fomatter)
    fh.setFormatter(fomatter)
    
    logger.addHandler(ch)
    logger.addHandler(fh)
    
    # 'application' code
    logger.debug('debug message')
    logger.info('info message')
    logger.warn('warn message')
    logger.error('error message')
    logger.critical('critical message')
    
    #输出格式:
    '''
    2016-02-20 16:53:27 [Test-Log] DEBUG debug message
    2016-02-20 16:53:27 [Test-Log] INFO info message
    2016-02-20 16:53:27 [Test-Log] WARNING warn message
    2016-02-20 16:53:27 [Test-Log] ERROR error message
    2016-02-20 16:53:27 [Test-Log] CRITICAL critical message
    '''
    

    二、面向对象编程

    1. 面向对象的介绍

    1.  不要写重复的代码
    2.  代码易扩展,程序遵循易读、易改的原则
    

    2. 面向对象的特性

    1.  封装
    2.  继承
        1.  基类或父类或超类
        2.  子类或派生类
        一般情况下,一个子类只能有一个基类,但在python中,一个子类是可以继承多个基类,实现多重继承,可以通过多级继承来实现;继承的过程就是从一般到特殊的过程
    3.  多态
        实现接口的重用
    

    3. 类、方法

    类 class

    示例:

    #!/usr/local/env python3
    '''
    Author:@南非波波
    Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/songqingbo/
    E-mail:qingbo.song@gmail.com
    '''
    class Role(object):
        def __init__(self,name,role,weapon,life_value):
            self.name = name
            self.role = role
            self.weapon = weapon
            self.life_value = life_value
        def buy_weapon(self,weapon):
            self.weapon = weapon
            print("%s 成功购买[%s]" % (self.name,weapon))
    
    #实例化
    p1 = Role('swht','p','A11',100)
    t1 = Role('shen','t','A11',100)
    
    print("p1[weapon]初始值:",p1.weapon)
    print("t1[weapon]初始值:",t1.weapon)
    
    #买枪行为
    p1.buy_weapon("AK65")
    t1.buy_weapon("AK60")
    
    print("p1[weapon]当前值:",p1.weapon)
    print("t1[weapon]当前值:",t1.weapon)
    

    作业:

    模拟人生游戏
    
        1.  至少有两个不同的角色
        2.  玩的过程中,必须有交互
        3.  根据不同的交互产生不同的行为
        4.  一定要用到面向对象编程的语法及思想
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/songqingbo/p/5217862.html
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