这里，首先想说的是，现在的web应用，处理的数据对象，有结构化的，也有非结构化的。同时存在。但是在spring-boot操作数据库的时候，若是在properties文件中配置数据源的信息，通过默认配置加载数据源的话，往往只会启动一个。
我出于想弄清如何配置数据源的目的，在这里demo一个配置两个数据源的例子。分别是mysql和mongo。mysql的持久化采用的是mybatis。
mongo的操作比较简单，直接贴上配置数据库的代码：
1 package com.shihuc.dbconn.sourceconfig.mongo;
2
3 import java.util.Arrays;
4
5 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
6 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
7 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoAutoConfiguration;
8 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoDataAutoConfiguration;
9 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
10 import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
11 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
12 import org.springframework.data.mongodb.config.AbstractMongoConfiguration;
13 import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.config.EnableMongoRepositories;
14
15 import com.mongodb.Mongo;
16 import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
17 import com.mongodb.MongoCredential;
18 import com.mongodb.ServerAddress;
19 import com.mongodb.WriteConcern;
20
21 @Configuration
22 @EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude={MongoAutoConfiguration.class, MongoDataAutoConfiguration.class})
23 @ComponentScan
24 @EnableMongoRepositories
25 public class MongoDataSourceConfig extends AbstractMongoConfiguration{
26
27 @Value("${mongo.database}")
28 private String dbname;
29
30 @Value("${mongo.host}")
31 private String dbhost;
32
33 @Value("${mongo.port}")
34 private String dbport;
35
36 @Value("${mongo.username}")
37 private String username;
38
39 @Value("${mongo.password}")
40 private String password;
41
42 @Override
43 protected String getDatabaseName() {
44 return this.dbname;
45 }
46
47 public MongoDataSourceConfig(){
48 if(null == dbport || "".equalsIgnoreCase(dbport.trim())){
49 dbport = "27017";
50 }
51 }
52
53 @Override
54 @Bean(name = "mongods")
55 public Mongo mongo() throws Exception {
56 ServerAddress serverAdress = new ServerAddress(dbhost, Integer.valueOf(dbport));
57 MongoCredential credential = MongoCredential.createMongoCRCredential(username, dbname , password.toCharArray());
58 //Do not use new Mongo(), is deprecated.
59 Mongo mongo = new MongoClient(serverAdress, Arrays.asList(credential));
60 mongo.setWriteConcern(WriteConcern.SAFE);
61 return mongo;
62 }
63 }
mongo数据库配置继承AbstractMongoConfiguration，在这个过程中，会向spring容器注册一个mongoTemplate，这个很重要，后期操作mongo数据库时，主要靠它。
这里重点说下spring-boot和mybatis集成操作mysql的配置和注意事项。
1 package com.shihuc.dbconn.sourceconfig.mysql;
2
3 import javax.sql.DataSource;
4
5 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
6 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
7 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration;
8 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
9 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
10 import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource;
11
12 @Configuration
13 @EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude = {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class})
14 public class MysqlDataSourceConfig {
15
16 @Value("${mysql.driver}")
17 private String driver;
18
19 @Value("${mysql.url}")
20 private String url;
21
22 @Value("${mysql.username}")
23 private String username;
24
25 @Value("${mysql.password}")
26 private String password;
27
28 @Bean(name="mysqlds")
29 public DataSource mysql()
30 {
31 DriverManagerDataSource ds = new DriverManagerDataSource();
32 ds.setDriverClassName(driver);
33 ds.setUrl(url);
34 ds.setUsername(username);
35 ds.setPassword(password);
36 return ds;
37 }
38 }
这个是datasource的配置，注意，类似mongo的配置，要将自动配置的类给exclude掉。让spring只处理我们希望的数据源。否则会受到classpath下的信息，干扰数据源的配置。
另外，就是mybatis的配置。由于spring-boot重点特色是纯java config，所以，这里也采用java配置和注解启用mybatis。
1 package com.shihuc.dbconn.sourceconfig.mysql;
2
3 import javax.sql.DataSource;
4
5 import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
6 import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
7 import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
8 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
9 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
10 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
11 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
12
13 @Configuration
14 @MapperScan(basePackages = "com.shihuc.dbconn.dao.mysql")
15 public class MysqlMybatisConfig {
16
17 @Autowired
18 @Qualifier("mysqlds")
19 private DataSource mysqlds;
20
21 @Bean
22 public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactoryBean() throws Exception {
23 final SqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
24 sessionFactory.setDataSource(mysqlds);
25 return sessionFactory.getObject();
26 }
27 }
这里，mapperscan主要是为配置JavaBean和持久化对象之间的映射关系设定根路径。在这个例子中，mapper部分，其实就是通过insert,delete,update,select等注解，结合具体的SQL语句实现ORM的关系。看看这里的代码：
1 package com.shihuc.dbconn.dao.mysql;
2
3 import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
4 import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
5
6 import com.shihuc.dbconn.pojo.mysql.MysqlUser;
7
8 public interface IMysqlUser {
9
10 @Select("SELECT * FROM user WHERE id = #{userId}")
11 public MysqlUser getUser(int userId);
12
13 @Insert("insert into user (username, job, age, hometown) values(#{username}, #{job}, #{age}, #{hometown})")
14 public int addUser(MysqlUser user);
15 }
另外，配合这个IMysqlUser使用的MysqlUser的定义也很重要，主要是里面的constructor函数，通常，添加数据，比如上面的addUser操作，是要创建一个POJO的对象，为了方便，一般都会创建一个带参数的构造函数，注意，必须也同时创建一个无参数的构造函数，否则，在做查询操作，比如上面的getUser时，会出现下面的错误：
1 . ____ _ __ _ _ 2 /\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ 3 ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ / _` | 4 \/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) ) 5 ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / / 6 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/ 7 :: Spring Boot :: (v1.2.7.RELEASE) 8 9 2016-01-29 15:01:07.930 INFO 30880 --- [ main] com.shihuc.dbconn.DbConnApp : Starting DbConnApp on CloudGame with PID 30880 (/home/webWps/dbconn/target/classes started by root in /home/webWps/dbconn) 10 2016-01-29 15:01:07.997 INFO 30880 --- [ main] s.c.a.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@a85aa40: startup date [Fri Jan 29 15:01:07 CST 2016]; root of context hierarchy 11 2016-01-29 15:01:09.887 INFO 30880 --- [ main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'mysqlDataSourceConfig' of type [class com.shihuc.dbconn.sourceconfig.mysql.MysqlDataSourceConfig$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$63c6820a] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) 12 2016-01-29 15:01:09.915 INFO 30880 --- [ main] o.s.j.d.DriverManagerDataSource : Loaded JDBC driver: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver 13 2016-01-29 15:01:09.923 INFO 30880 --- [ main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'mysqlds' of type [class org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) 14 2016-01-29 15:01:09.926 INFO 30880 --- [ main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'mysqlMybatisConfig' of type [class com.shihuc.dbconn.sourceconfig.mysql.MysqlMybatisConfig$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$bbfde9e4] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) 15 2016-01-29 15:01:09.991 INFO 30880 --- [ main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'sqlSessionFactoryBean' of type [class org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSessionFactory] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) 16 2016-01-29 15:01:10.040 INFO 30880 --- [ main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'IMysqlUser' of type [class org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperFactoryBean] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) 17 2016-01-29 15:01:10.876 INFO 30880 --- [ main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup 18 2016-01-29 15:01:10.888 INFO 30880 --- [ main] com.shihuc.dbconn.DbConnApp : Started DbConnApp in 3.274 seconds (JVM running for 3.561) 19 Exception in thread "main" org.mybatis.spring.MyBatisSystemException: nested exception is org.apache.ibatis.reflection.ReflectionException: Error instantiating class com.shihuc.dbconn.pojo.mysql.MysqlUser with invalid types () or values (). Cause: java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: com.shihuc.dbconn.pojo.mysql.MysqlUser.<init>() 20 at org.mybatis.spring.MyBatisExceptionTranslator.translateExceptionIfPossible(MyBatisExceptionTranslator.java:75) 21 at org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate$SqlSessionInterceptor.invoke(SqlSessionTemplate.java:371) 22 at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy26.selectOne(Unknown Source) 23 at org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate.selectOne(SqlSessionTemplate.java:163) 24 at org.apache.ibatis.binding.MapperMethod.execute(MapperMethod.java:63) 25 at org.apache.ibatis.binding.MapperProxy.invoke(MapperProxy.java:43) 26 at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy34.getUser(Unknown Source) 27 at com.shihuc.dbconn.service.mysql.MysqlUserService.getUser(MysqlUserService.java:20) 28 at com.shihuc.dbconn.DbConnApp.main(DbConnApp.java:34) 29 Caused by: org.apache.ibatis.reflection.ReflectionException: Error instantiating class com.shihuc.dbconn.pojo.mysql.MysqlUser with invalid types () or values (). Cause: java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: com.shihuc.dbconn.pojo.mysql.MysqlUser.<init>() 30 at org.apache.ibatis.reflection.factory.DefaultObjectFactory.instantiateClass(DefaultObjectFactory.java:83) 31 at org.apache.ibatis.reflection.factory.DefaultObjectFactory.create(DefaultObjectFactory.java:45) 32 at org.apache.ibatis.reflection.factory.DefaultObjectFactory.create(DefaultObjectFactory.java:38) 33 at org.apache.ibatis.executor.resultset.DefaultResultSetHandler.createResultObject(DefaultResultSetHandler.java:530) 34 at org.apache.ibatis.executor.resultset.DefaultResultSetHandler.createResultObject(DefaultResultSetHandler.java:509) 35 at org.apache.ibatis.executor.resultset.DefaultResultSetHandler.getRowValue(DefaultResultSetHandler.java:329) 36 at org.apache.ibatis.executor.resultset.DefaultResultSetHandler.handleRowValuesForSimpleResultMap(DefaultResultSetHandler.java:289) 37 at org.apache.ibatis.executor.resultset.DefaultResultSetHandler.handleRowValues(DefaultResultSetHandler.java:264) 38 at org.apache.ibatis.executor.resultset.DefaultResultSetHandler.handleResultSet(DefaultResultSetHandler.java:234) 39 at org.apache.ibatis.executor.resultset.DefaultResultSetHandler.handleResultSets(DefaultResultSetHandler.java:152) 40 at org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement.PreparedStatementHandler.query(PreparedStatementHandler.java:57) 41 at org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement.RoutingStatementHandler.query(RoutingStatementHandler.java:70) 42 at org.apache.ibatis.executor.SimpleExecutor.doQuery(SimpleExecutor.java:57) 43 at org.apache.ibatis.executor.BaseExecutor.queryFromDatabase(BaseExecutor.java:259) 44 at org.apache.ibatis.executor.BaseExecutor.query(BaseExecutor.java:132) 45 at org.apache.ibatis.executor.CachingExecutor.query(CachingExecutor.java:105) 46 at org.apache.ibatis.executor.CachingExecutor.query(CachingExecutor.java:81) 47 at org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession.selectList(DefaultSqlSession.java:104) 48 at org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession.selectList(DefaultSqlSession.java:98) 49 at org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession.selectOne(DefaultSqlSession.java:62) 50 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) 51 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) 52 at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) 53 at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) 54 at org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate$SqlSessionInterceptor.invoke(SqlSessionTemplate.java:358) 55 ... 7 more 56 Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: com.shihuc.dbconn.pojo.mysql.MysqlUser.<init>() 57 at java.lang.Class.getConstructor0(Class.java:2892) 58 at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredConstructor(Class.java:2058) 59 at org.apache.ibatis.reflection.factory.DefaultObjectFactory.instantiateClass(DefaultObjectFactory.java:57) 60 ... 31 more 61 2016-01-29 15:01:11.139 INFO 30880 --- [ Thread-1] s.c.a.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Closing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@a85aa40: startup date [Fri Jan 29 15:01:07 CST 2016]; root of context hierarchy 62 2016-01-29 15:01:11.142 INFO 30880 --- [ Thread-1] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter : Unregistering JMX-exposed beans on shutdown
方便说明问题，将MysqlUser也附上代码：
1 package com.shihuc.dbconn.pojo.mysql;
2
3 import com.shihuc.dbconn.pojo.User;
4
5 public class MysqlUser extends User{
6
7 private static final long serialVersionUID = -6412107575129572581L;
8
9 //这个id是数据库中通过设置auto_increment得到的主键值
10 private int id;
11
12 public int getId() {
13 return id;
14 }
15
16 public void setId(int id) {
17 this.id = id;
18 }
19
20 public MysqlUser(){
21
22 }
23
24 public MysqlUser(String username, String job, int age, String hometown){
25 this.username = username;
26 this.job = job;
27 this.age = age;
28 this.hometown = hometown;
29 }
30
31 }
下面看看，测试程序吧，我是在main函数里面写的，如下：
1 package com.shihuc.dbconn;
2
3 import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
4 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
5 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
6 import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
7
8 import com.shihuc.dbconn.pojo.mongo.MongoUser;
9 import com.shihuc.dbconn.pojo.mysql.MysqlUser;
10 import com.shihuc.dbconn.service.mongo.MongoUserService;
11 import com.shihuc.dbconn.service.mysql.MysqlUserService;
12
13 /**
14 *
15 * @author shihuc
16 * @date Jan 29, 2016
17 *
18 */
19 @SpringBootApplication
20 @PropertySource(value = "dbconn.properties")
21 public class DbConnApp
22 {
23
24 public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
25
26 SpringApplication app = new SpringApplication(DbConnApp.class);
27
28 ApplicationContext ctx = app.run(args);
29
30 MysqlUserService mysqlUserService = (MysqlUserService)ctx.getBean("mysqlUserService");
31 // MysqlUser su = new MysqlUser("shihuc", "SW", 30 , "wuhan");
32 // mysqlUserService.addUser(su);
33 MysqlUser ue = mysqlUserService.getUser(1);
34 System.out.println("Mysql User: " + ue);
35
36 MongoUserService mongoUserService = (MongoUserService)ctx.getBean("mongoUserService");
37 // MongoUser mu = new MongoUser("shihuc", "SW", 30 , "wuhan");
38 // mongoUserService.addUser(mu);
39 MongoUser um = mongoUserService.getUser("shihuc");
40 System.out.println("Mongo User: " + um);
41 }
42 }
最后附上我的maven项目的pom文件：
1 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 2 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 3 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 4 5 <groupId>com.shihuc</groupId> 6 <artifactId>dbconn</artifactId> 7 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> 8 <packaging>jar</packaging> 9 10 <name>dbconn</name> 11 <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> 12 13 <parent> 14 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 15 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> 16 <version>1.2.7.RELEASE</version> 17 </parent> 18 19 <properties> 20 <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> 21 </properties> 22 23 <dependencies> 24 <dependency> 25 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 26 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId> 27 </dependency> 28 <dependency> 29 <groupId>mysql</groupId> 30 <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> 31 </dependency> 32 <dependency> 33 <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> 34 <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> 35 <version>3.2.3</version> 36 </dependency> 37 <dependency> 38 <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> 39 <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> 40 <version>1.2.2</version> 41 </dependency> 42 <dependency> 43 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 44 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId> 45 </dependency> 46 </dependencies> 47 48 <build> 49 <plugins> 50 <plugin> 51 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 52 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> 53 </plugin> 54 </plugins> 55 </build> 56 </project>
还是相对比较简单的配置和操作。对于这个demo的例子程序，可以在GitHub https://github.com/shihuc/dbconn上下载。
http://www.cnblogs.com/shihuc/p/5169418.html