• Maven 版 JPA 最佳实践(转)

    项目结构图

    snap0596

    数据库环境

    • 数据库：MySQL
    • 版本：5.x
    • 数据库名：jpa-demo
    • 用户名密码：root/1234

    代码清单 1：数据库脚本：

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    /*
    Navicat MySQL Data Transfer
     
    Source Server : localhost
    Source Server Version : 50525
    Source Host : localhost:3306
    Source Database : jpa-demo
     
    Target Server Type : MYSQL
    Target Server Version : 50525
    File Encoding : 65001
     
    Date: 2014-11-20 20:09:27
    */
     
    SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
     
    -- ----------------------------
    -- Table structure for `address`
    -- ----------------------------
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `address`;
    CREATE TABLE `address` (
    `addressID` int(11) NOT NULL,
    `city` varchar(55) NOT NULL,
    `street` varchar(55) NOT NULL,
    `zip` varchar(8) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (`addressID`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
     
    -- ----------------------------
    -- Records of address
    -- ----------------------------
    INSERT INTO `address` VALUES ('1', '深圳', '坂田市场', '518001');
    INSERT INTO `address` VALUES ('2', '深圳', '坂田路口', '518002');
    INSERT INTO `address` VALUES ('3', '深圳', '四季花城', '518003');
     
    -- ----------------------------
    -- Table structure for `userinfo`
    -- ----------------------------
    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `userinfo`;
    CREATE TABLE `userinfo` (
    `userID` int(11) NOT NULL,
    `username` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    `birthday` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
    `sex` varchar(8) NOT NULL,
    `addressID` int(11) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (`userID`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
     
    -- ----------------------------
    -- Records of userinfo
    -- ----------------------------
    INSERT INTO `userinfo` VALUES ('1', '张金雄', null, 'male', '1');
    INSERT INTO `userinfo` VALUES ('2', '李某某', null, 'male', '2');
    INSERT INTO `userinfo` VALUES ('3', '王某某', '2006-08-10 00:00:00', 'female', '3');
    INSERT INTO `userinfo` VALUES ('4', '陈某某', '2006-08-12 00:00:00', 'male', '3');

    源代码

    代码清单 2：pom.xml

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    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.coderdream</groupId>
    <artifactId>jpa-demo</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>jpa-demo Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <junit.version>4.11</junit.version>
    <mysql.version>5.1.17</mysql.version>
    <slf.version>1.7.5</slf.version>
    <toplink.essentials.version>2.1-60f</toplink.essentials.version>
    </properties>
     
    <dependencies>
    <dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>${junit.version}</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
     
    <dependency>
    <groupId>toplink.essentials</groupId>
    <artifactId>toplink-essentials</artifactId>
    <version>${toplink.essentials.version}</version>
    </dependency>
     
    <dependency>
    <groupId>toplink.essentials</groupId>
    <artifactId>toplink-essentials-agent</artifactId>
    <version>${toplink.essentials.version}</version>
    </dependency>
     
    <dependency>
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
    <version>${slf.version}</version>
    </dependency>
     
    <dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>${mysql.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
    <finalName>jpa-demo</finalName>
    </build>
    </project>

    代码清单 3：persistence.xml

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    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd"
    version="1.0">
     
    <persistence-unit name="piscesPU" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <provider>
    oracle.toplink.essentials.PersistenceProvider
    </provider>
    <class>com.coderdream.model.UserInfo</class>
    <class>com.coderdream.model.Address</class>
    <properties>
    <!-- 数据库连接配置, JDBC驱动 -->
    <property name="toplink.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
    <!-- 数据库连接配置,URL -->
    <property name="toplink.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jpa-demo" />
    <!-- 数据库连接配置, 用户名 -->
    <property name="toplink.jdbc.user" value="root" />
    <!-- 数据库连接配置, 密码 -->
    <property name="toplink.jdbc.password" value="1234" />
    </properties>
    </persistence-unit>
     
    </persistence>

    代码清单 4：Address.java

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    package com.coderdream.model;
     
    import java.io.Serializable;
    import javax.persistence.Column;
    import javax.persistence.Entity;
    import javax.persistence.Id;
     
    @Entity
    public class Address implements Serializable {
    // 地址id, 不能为空, 必须唯一
    @Id
    @Column(name = "addressid", unique = true, nullable = false)
    private int addressid;
     
    // 城市, 不能为空
    @Column(name = "city", nullable = false)
    private String city;
     
    // 街道, 不能为空
    @Column(name = "street", nullable = false)
    private String street;
     
    // 邮政编码, 不能为空
    @Column(name = "zip", nullable = false)
    private String zip;
     
    public Address() {
    }
     
    public Address(int addressid) {
    this.setAddressid(addressid);
    }
     
    public int getAddressid() {
    return this.addressid;
    }
     
    public void setAddressid(int addressid) {
    this.addressid = addressid;
    }
     
    public String getCity() {
    return this.city;
    }
     
    public void setCity(String city) {
    this.city = city;
    }
     
    public String getStreet() {
    return street;
    }
     
    public void setStreet(String street) {
    this.street = street;
    }
     
    public String getZip() {
    return this.zip;
    }
     
    public void setZip(String zip) {
    this.zip = zip;
    }
     
    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
    return this.addressid;
    }
     
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object object) {
    if (!(object instanceof Address))
    return false;
    final Address other = (Address) object;
    return this.addressid == other.addressid;
    }
     
    @Override
    public String toString() {
    return "Address[addressid=" + getAddressid() + ", city='" + getCity() + "', street='" + getStreet() + "', zip='" + getZip() + "";
    }
    }

    代码清单 5：UserInfo.java

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    package com.coderdream.model;
     
    import java.io.Serializable;
    import java.sql.Timestamp;
    import javax.persistence.Column;
    import javax.persistence.Entity;
    import javax.persistence.Id;
    import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
    import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
    import static javax.persistence.CascadeType.*;
     
    @Entity
    public class UserInfo implements Serializable {
    // 用户id, 不能为空, 必须唯一
    @Id
    @Column(name = "userid", unique = true, nullable = false)
    private int userid;
     
    // 用户名, 不能为空
    @Column(name = "userName", nullable = false)
    private String userName;
     
    // 性别, 不能为空
    @Column(name = "sex", nullable = false)
    private String sex;
     
    // 出生日期, 可以为空
    @Column(name = "birthday")
    private Timestamp birthday;
     
    // 地址, 不能为空
    // PERSIST 表示更新、新增UserInfo数据时会同时更新、新增Address的数据
    // REMOVE 表示从数据库删除UserInfo会同时删除Address表中对应的数据
    @OneToOne(cascade = { PERSIST, REMOVE })
    @JoinColumn(name = "addressID", nullable = false)
    private Address address;
     
    public UserInfo() {
    }
     
    public UserInfo(int userid) {
    this.setUserid(userid);
    }
     
    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
    return this.getUserid();
    }
     
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object object) {
    if (!(object instanceof UserInfo))
    return false;
    final UserInfo other = (UserInfo) object;
    return this.userid == other.userid;
    }
     
    @Override
    public String toString() {
    return "UserInfo[userid=" + this.userid + ", userName='" + userName + "', sex='" + sex + "', birthday=" + birthday + ", address="
    + address + "";
    }
     
    public int getUserid() {
    return userid;
    }
     
    public void setUserid(int userid) {
    this.userid = userid;
    }
     
    public String getUserName() {
    return userName;
    }
     
    public void setUserName(String userName) {
    this.userName = userName;
    }
     
    public Timestamp getBirthday() {
    return birthday;
    }
     
    public void setBirthday(Timestamp birthday) {
    this.birthday = birthday;
    }
     
    public String getSex() {
    return sex;
    }
     
    public void setSex(String sex) {
    this.sex = sex;
    }
     
    public Address getAddress() {
    return address;
    }
     
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
    this.address = address;
    }
    }

    代码清单 6：SimpleService.java

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    package com.coderdream.service;
     
    import java.util.List;
     
    import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
    import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
    import javax.persistence.Persistence;
     
    import com.coderdream.model.Address;
    import com.coderdream.model.UserInfo;
     
    public class SimpleService {
     
    /**
    * 删除用户id=6的数据
    */
    public static void delete() {
    final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("piscesPU");
    final EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    // 找不到数据的话这里会抛异常
    UserInfo info = em.find(UserInfo.class, 6);
    try {
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    em.remove(info);
    em.getTransaction().commit();
    } finally {
    em.close();
    }
    }
     
    /**
    * 修改用户id=6的数据
    */
    public static void update() {
    final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("piscesPU");
    final EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    // 找不到数据的话这里会抛异常
    UserInfo info = em.find(UserInfo.class, 6);
    info.setUserName("哈哈");
    info.getAddress().setStreet("坂田2");
    try {
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    // 自动将info更新到数据库
    em.getTransaction().commit();
    } finally {
    em.close();
    }
    }
     
    /**
    * 查询所有用户数据
    */
    public static void query() {
    final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("piscesPU");
    long s = System.currentTimeMillis();
    // 数据库连接失败这里会抛出异常
    final EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    long e = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.println("连接数据库耗时: " + (e - s) + "毫秒");
    // 获取数据
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    List<UserInfo> list = em.createQuery("SELECT a FROM UserInfo a").getResultList();
    int i = 0;
    for (UserInfo info : list) {
    System.out.println("第" + (++i) + "个值为: " + info);
    }
    em.close();
    }
     
    /**
    * 创建用户id=6的一条数据, 地址id=6
    */
    public static void create() {
    final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("piscesPU");
    final EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
     
    UserInfo info = new UserInfo(6);
    info.setSex("male");
    info.setUserName("张某某");
    info.setBirthday(new java.sql.Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()));
    Address naddr = new Address(6);
    naddr.setCity("深圳");
    naddr.setStreet("坂田");
    naddr.setZip("518000");
    info.setAddress(naddr);
     
    try {
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    em.persist(info);
    em.getTransaction().commit();
    } finally {
    em.close();
    }
    }
     
    /**
    * 主函数
    */
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
    SimpleService.query();
    SimpleService.create();
    System.out.println("新增一条数据后进行查询");
    SimpleService.query();
    SimpleService.update();
    System.out.println("修改一条数据后进行查询");
    SimpleService.query();
    SimpleService.delete();
    System.out.println("删除一条数据后进行查询");
    SimpleService.query();
    }
    }

    运行结果

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    [TopLink Info]: 2014.11.20 08:24:08.134--ServerSession(1112823384)--TopLink, version: Oracle TopLink Essentials - 2.1 (Build 60f (01/07/2009))
    [TopLink Info]: 2014.11.20 08:24:08.822--ServerSession(1112823384)--file:/E:/E_441_64/workspace/jpa-demo/target/classes/-piscesPU login successful
    连接数据库耗时: 1264毫秒
    第1个值为: UserInfo[userid=1, userName='张金雄', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=1, city='深圳', street='坂田市场', zip='518001
    第2个值为: UserInfo[userid=2, userName='李某某', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=2, city='深圳', street='坂田路口', zip='518002
    第3个值为: UserInfo[userid=3, userName='王某某', sex='female', birthday=2006-08-10 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003
    第4个值为: UserInfo[userid=4, userName='陈某某', sex='male', birthday=2006-08-12 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003
    新增一条数据后进行查询
    连接数据库耗时: 0毫秒
    第1个值为: UserInfo[userid=1, userName='张金雄', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=1, city='深圳', street='坂田市场', zip='518001
    第2个值为: UserInfo[userid=2, userName='李某某', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=2, city='深圳', street='坂田路口', zip='518002
    第3个值为: UserInfo[userid=3, userName='王某某', sex='female', birthday=2006-08-10 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003
    第4个值为: UserInfo[userid=4, userName='陈某某', sex='male', birthday=2006-08-12 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003
    第5个值为: UserInfo[userid=6, userName='张某某', sex='male', birthday=2014-11-20 20:24:09.102, address=Address[addressid=6, city='深圳', street='坂田', zip='518000
    修改一条数据后进行查询
    连接数据库耗时: 0毫秒
    第1个值为: UserInfo[userid=1, userName='张金雄', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=1, city='深圳', street='坂田市场', zip='518001
    第2个值为: UserInfo[userid=2, userName='李某某', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=2, city='深圳', street='坂田路口', zip='518002
    第3个值为: UserInfo[userid=3, userName='王某某', sex='female', birthday=2006-08-10 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003
    第4个值为: UserInfo[userid=4, userName='陈某某', sex='male', birthday=2006-08-12 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003
    第5个值为: UserInfo[userid=6, userName='哈哈', sex='male', birthday=2014-11-20 20:24:09.102, address=Address[addressid=6, city='深圳', street='坂田2', zip='518000
    删除一条数据后进行查询
    连接数据库耗时: 0毫秒
    第1个值为: UserInfo[userid=1, userName='张金雄', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=1, city='深圳', street='坂田市场', zip='518001
    第2个值为: UserInfo[userid=2, userName='李某某', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=2, city='深圳', street='坂田路口', zip='518002
    第3个值为: UserInfo[userid=3, userName='王某某', sex='female', birthday=2006-08-10 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003
    第4个值为: UserInfo[userid=4, userName='陈某某', sex='male', birthday=2006-08-12 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003

    完整工程源代码

    下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/xuxiheng/8181849

    参考文档

    1. 在Java SE环境下使用JPA1.0(1)

    2. Toplink JPA简介

    http://www.cnblogs.com/ctoroad/p/4111447.html
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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/softidea/p/5668526.html
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