• 不安装启动游戏


    引用:http://www.2cto.com/kf/201204/129645.html

     前言
    相信这样一个问题,大家都不会陌生,
    “有什么的方法可以使Android的程序APK不用安装,而能够直接启动”。
    发现最后的结局都是不能实现这个美好的愿望,而腾讯Android手机游戏平台却又能实现这个功能,下载的连连看,五子棋都没有安装过程,但是都能直接运行,这其中到底有什么“玄机”呢,也有热心童鞋问过我这个问题,本文就为大家来揭开这个谜团。
    实践
    我实现了一个小小的Demo,麻雀虽小五脏俱全,为了突出原理,我就尽量简化了程序,通过这个实例来让大家明白后台的工作原理。
    下载demo的apk程序apks,其中包括了两个apk,分别是A和B
    这两个APK可分别安装和运行,A程序界面只显示一个Button,B程序界面会动态显示当前的时间
    下面的三幅图片分别为直接启动运行A程序(安装TestA.apk),直接启动运行B程序(安装TestB.apk)和由A程序动态启动B程序(安装TestA.apk,TestB.apk不用安装,而是放在/mnt/sdcard/目录中,即SD卡上)的截图,细心的同学可以停下来观察一下他们之间的不同

    后两幅图片的不同,也即Title的不同,则解释出了我们将要分析的后台实现原理的机制
    实现原理
    最能讲明白道理的莫过于源码了,下面我们就来分析一下A和B的实现机制,首先来分析TestA.apk的主要代码实现:

         @Override
        public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.main);
     
            Button btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn);
            btn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
     
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    Bundle paramBundle = new Bundle();
                    paramBundle.putBoolean("KEY_START_FROM_OTHER_ACTIVITY", true);
                    String dexpath = "/mnt/sdcard/TestB.apk";
                    String dexoutputpath = "/mnt/sdcard/";
                    LoadAPK(paramBundle, dexpath, dexoutputpath);
                }
            });
        }
     @Override
     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
      super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
      setContentView(R.layout.main);

      Button btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn);
      btn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

       @Override
       public void onClick(View v) {
        Bundle paramBundle = new Bundle();
        paramBundle.putBoolean("KEY_START_FROM_OTHER_ACTIVITY", true);
        String dexpath = "/mnt/sdcard/TestB.apk";
        String dexoutputpath = "/mnt/sdcard/";
        LoadAPK(paramBundle, dexpath, dexoutputpath);
       }
      });
     }
    代码解析:这就是OnCreate函数要做的事情,装载view界面,绑定button事件,大家都熟悉了,还有就是设置程序B的放置路径,因为我程序中代码是从/mnt/sdcard/TestB.apk中动态加载,这也就是为什么要让大家把TestB.apk放在SD卡上面的原因了。关键的函数就是最后一个了LoadAPK,它来实现动态加载B程序。

        public void LoadAPK(Bundle paramBundle, String dexpath, String dexoutputpath) {
            ClassLoader localClassLoader = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
            DexClassLoader localDexClassLoader = new DexClassLoader(dexpath,
                    dexoutputpath, null, localClassLoader);
            try {
                PackageInfo plocalObject = getPackageManager()
                        .getPackageArchiveInfo(dexpath, 1);
     
                if ((plocalObject.activities != null)
                        && (plocalObject.activities.length > 0)) {
                    String activityname = plocalObject.activities[0].name;
                    Log.d(TAG, "activityname = " + activityname);
     
                    Class localClass = localDexClassLoader.loadClass(activityname);
                    Constructor localConstructor = localClass
                            .getConstructor(new Class[] {});
                    Object instance = localConstructor.newInstance(new Object[] {});
                    Log.d(TAG, "instance = " + instance);
     
                    Method localMethodSetActivity = localClass.getDeclaredMethod(
                            "setActivity", new Class[] { Activity.class });
                    localMethodSetActivity.setAccessible(true);
                    localMethodSetActivity.invoke(instance, new Object[] { this });
     
                    Method methodonCreate = localClass.getDeclaredMethod(
                            "onCreate", new Class[] { Bundle.class });
                    methodonCreate.setAccessible(true);
                    methodonCreate.invoke(instance, new Object[] { paramBundle });
                }
                return;
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
     public void LoadAPK(Bundle paramBundle, String dexpath, String dexoutputpath) {
      ClassLoader localClassLoader = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
      DexClassLoader localDexClassLoader = new DexClassLoader(dexpath,
        dexoutputpath, null, localClassLoader);
      try {
       PackageInfo plocalObject = getPackageManager()
         .getPackageArchiveInfo(dexpath, 1);

       if ((plocalObject.activities != null)
         && (plocalObject.activities.length > 0)) {
        String activityname = plocalObject.activities[0].name;
        Log.d(TAG, "activityname = " + activityname);

        Class localClass = localDexClassLoader.loadClass(activityname);
        Constructor localConstructor = localClass
          .getConstructor(new Class[] {});
        Object instance = localConstructor.newInstance(new Object[] {});
        Log.d(TAG, "instance = " + instance);

        Method localMethodSetActivity = localClass.getDeclaredMethod(
          "setActivity", new Class[] { Activity.class });
        localMethodSetActivity.setAccessible(true);
        localMethodSetActivity.invoke(instance, new Object[] { this });

        Method methodonCreate = localClass.getDeclaredMethod(
          "onCreate", new Class[] { Bundle.class });
        methodonCreate.setAccessible(true);
        methodonCreate.invoke(instance, new Object[] { paramBundle });
       }
       return;
      } catch (Exception ex) {
       ex.printStackTrace();
      }
     }
    代码解析:这个函数要做的工作如下:加载B程序的APK文件,通过类加载器DexClassLoader来解析APK文件,这样会在SD卡上面生成一个同名的后缀为dex的文件,例如/mnt/sdcard/TestB.apk==>/mnt/sdcard/TestB.dex,接下来就是通过java反射机制,动态实例化B中的Activity对象,并依次调用了其中的两个函数,分别为setActivity和onCreate.看到这里,大家是不是觉得有点奇怪,Activity的启动函数是onCreate,为什么要先调用setActivity,而更奇怪的是setActivity并不是系统的函数,确实,那是我们自定义的,这也就是核心的地方。
    好了带着这些疑问,我们再来分析B程序的主代码:

     public class TestBActivity extends Activity {
        private static final String TAG = "TestBActivity";
        private Activity otherActivity;
     
        @Override
        public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            boolean b = false;
            if (savedInstanceState != null) {
                b = savedInstanceState.getBoolean("KEY_START_FROM_OTHER_ACTIVITY", false);
                if (b) {
                    this.otherActivity.setContentView(new TBSurfaceView(
                            this.otherActivity));
                }
            }
            if (!b) {
                super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
                // setContentView(R.layout.main);
                setContentView(new TBSurfaceView(this));
            }
        }
     
        public void setActivity(Activity paramActivity) {
            Log.d(TAG, "setActivity..." + paramActivity);
            this.otherActivity = paramActivity;
        }
    }
    public class TestBActivity extends Activity {
     private static final String TAG = "TestBActivity";
     private Activity otherActivity;

     @Override
     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
      boolean b = false;
      if (savedInstanceState != null) {
       b = savedInstanceState.getBoolean("KEY_START_FROM_OTHER_ACTIVITY", false);
       if (b) {
        this.otherActivity.setContentView(new TBSurfaceView(
          this.otherActivity));
       }
      }
      if (!b) {
       super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
       // setContentView(R.layout.main);
       setContentView(new TBSurfaceView(this));
      }
     }

     public void setActivity(Activity paramActivity) {
      Log.d(TAG, "setActivity..." + paramActivity);
      this.otherActivity = paramActivity;
     }
    }
    代码解析:看完程序B的实现机制,大家是不是有种恍然大悟的感觉,这根本就是“偷梁换柱”嘛,是滴,程序B动态借用了程序A的上下文执行环境,这也就是上面后两幅图的差异,最后一幅图运行的是B的程序,但是title表示的却是A的信息,而没有重新初始化自己的,实际上这也是不可能的,所以有些童鞋虽然通过java的反射机制,正确呼叫了被调程序的onCreate函数,但是期望的结果还是没有出现,原因就是这个上下文环境没有正确建立起来,但是若通过startActivity的方式来启动APK的话,android系统会替你建立正确的执行时环境,所以就没问题。至于那个TBSurfaceView,那就是自定义的一个view画面,动态画当前的时间

     public class TBSurfaceView extends SurfaceView implements Callback, Runnable {
        private SurfaceHolder sfh;
        private Thread th;
        private Canvas canvas;
        private Paint paint;
     
        public TBSurfaceView(Context context) {
            super(context);
            th = new Thread(this);
            sfh = this.getHolder();
            sfh.addCallback(this);
            paint = new Paint();
            paint.setAntiAlias(true);
            paint.setColor(Color.RED);
            this.setKeepScreenOn(true);
        }
     
        public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
            th.start();
        }
     
        private void draw() {
            try {
                canvas = sfh.lockCanvas();
                if (canvas != null) {
                    canvas.drawColor(Color.WHITE);
                    canvas.drawText("Time: " + System.currentTimeMillis(), 100,
                            100, paint);
                }
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                if (canvas != null) {
                    sfh.unlockCanvasAndPost(canvas);
                }
            }
        }
     
        public void run() {
            while (true) {
                draw();
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(100);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
     
        public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width,
                int height) {
        }
     
        public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        }
    }
    public class TBSurfaceView extends SurfaceView implements Callback, Runnable {
     private SurfaceHolder sfh;
     private Thread th;
     private Canvas canvas;
     private Paint paint;

     public TBSurfaceView(Context context) {
      super(context);
      th = new Thread(this);
      sfh = this.getHolder();
      sfh.addCallback(this);
      paint = new Paint();
      paint.setAntiAlias(true);
      paint.setColor(Color.RED);
      this.setKeepScreenOn(true);
     }

     public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
      th.start();
     }

     private void draw() {
      try {
       canvas = sfh.lockCanvas();
       if (canvas != null) {
        canvas.drawColor(Color.WHITE);
        canvas.drawText("Time: " + System.currentTimeMillis(), 100,
          100, paint);
       }
      } catch (Exception ex) {
       ex.printStackTrace();
      } finally {
       if (canvas != null) {
        sfh.unlockCanvasAndPost(canvas);
       }
      }
     }

     public void run() {
      while (true) {
       draw();
       try {
        Thread.sleep(100);
       } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
       }
      }
     }

     public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width,
       int height) {
     }

     public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
     }
    }
    腾讯游戏平台解析
    说了这么多,都是背景,O(∩_∩)O哈哈~
    其实腾讯游戏平台就是这么个实现原理,我也是通过它才学习到这种方式的,还得好好感谢感谢呢。
    腾讯Android游戏平台的游戏分成两类,第一类是腾讯自主研发的,像斗地主,五子棋,连连看什么的,所以实现机制就如上面的所示,A代表游戏大厅,B代表斗地主类的小游戏。第二类是第三方软件公司开发的,可就不能已这种方式来运作了,毕竟腾讯不能限制别人开发代码的方式啊,所以腾讯就开放了一个sdk包出来,让第三方应用可以和游戏大厅相结合,具体可参见QQ游戏中心开发者平台,但这同时就损失了一个优点,那就是第三方开发的游戏要通过安装的方式才能运行。
    结论
    看到这里,相信大家都比较熟悉这个背后的原理了吧,也希望大家能提供更好的反馈信息!
    程序源码下载source:http://www.2cto.com/uploadfile/2012/0429/20120429095938970.zip

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/sode/p/2961918.html
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