出处:http://www.cnblogs.com/birdwudi/archive/2010/08/20/1804342.html
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简单来讲,闭包允许你将一些行为封装,将它像一个对象一样传来递去,而且它依然能够访问到原来第一次声明时的上下文 奇怪的局部变量:讨论一下C#中的闭包 [0]静态全局字段 C# code using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; namespace ConsoleApplication3 { class Program { public static int copy;//[0]这个不是闭包 static void Main() { //定义动作组 List<Action> actions = new List<Action>(); for (int counter = 0; counter < 10; counter++) { copy = counter; actions.Add(() => Console.WriteLine(copy)); } //执行动作 foreach (Action action in actions) action(); } } } //注:Action定义如下: //public delegate void Action(); [1]局部变量(闭包一) C# code using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; namespace ConsoleApplication3 { class Program { static void Main() { int copy;//[1]闭包一 //定义动作组 List<Action> actions = new List<Action>(); for (int counter = 0; counter < 10; counter++) { copy = counter; actions.Add(() => Console.WriteLine(copy)); } //执行动作 foreach (Action action in actions) action(); } } } //注:Action定义如下: //public delegate void Action(); [2]局部变量(闭包二) C# code using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; namespace ConsoleApplication3 { class Program { static void Main() { //定义动作组 List<Action> actions = new List<Action>(); for (int counter = 0; counter < 10; counter++) { int copy;//[1]闭包二 copy = counter; //int copy = counter;//换种写法 actions.Add(() => Console.WriteLine(copy)); } //执行动作 foreach (Action action in actions) action(); } } } //注:Action定义如下: //public delegate void Action(); [3]局部变量(闭包三) C# code using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; namespace ConsoleApplication3 { class Program { static void Main() { //定义动作组 List<Action> actions = new List<Action>(); for (int counter = 0; counter < 10; counter++)//[3]闭包三 { actions.Add(() => Console.WriteLine(counter)); } //执行动作 foreach (Action action in actions) action(); } } } //注:Action定义如下: //public delegate void Action(); [0]:输出什么? [1]:输出什么? [2]:输出什么? [3]:输出什么? 这几个例子,可以将匿名函数进行转换,这样可以看的更清楚 在[0]中,“外部变量”copy是类的一个静态成员,因此可以讲匿名函数转换为以下形式: C# code class Program { public static int copy;//[0]这个不是闭包 static void TempMethod() { Console.WriteLine(copy); } static void Main() { //定义动作组 List<Action> actions = new List<Action>(); for (int counter = 0; counter < 10; counter++) { copy = counter; actions.Add(new Action(TempMethod)); } //执行动作 foreach (Action action in actions) action(); } } [1],[2]中“外部变量”copy是Main方法中的局部变量,局部变量的生存期现在必须至少延长为匿名函数委托的生存期。这可以通过将局部变量“提升”到编译器生成的类的字段来实现。之后,局部变量的实例化对应于为编译器生成的类创建实例,而访问局部变量则对应于访问编译器生成的类的实例中的字段。而且,匿名函数将会成为编译器生成类的实例方法: C# code class Program { static void Main() { //定义动作组 TempClass tc = new TempClass(); //定义动作组 List<Action> actions = new List<Action>(); for (int counter = 0; counter < 10; counter++) { tc.copy = counter; actions.Add(tc.TempMethod); } //执行动作 foreach (Action action in actions) action(); } class TempClass { public int copy; public void TempMethod() { Console.WriteLine(copy); } } } C# code class Program { static void Main() { //定义动作组 //定义动作组 List<Action> actions = new List<Action>(); for (int counter = 0; counter < 10; counter++) { TempClass tc = new TempClass(); tc.copy = counter; actions.Add(tc.TempMethod); } //执行动作 foreach (Action action in actions) action(); } class TempClass { public int copy; public void TempMethod() { Console.WriteLine(copy); } } } [3]中的“外部变量”counter是for循环的循环因子,因此可以转换为以下形式: C# code class Program { static void Main() { //定义动作组 List<Action> actions = new List<Action>(); TempClass tc = new TempClass(); for (tc.copy = 0; tc.copy < 10; tc.copy++) { actions.Add(new Action(tc.TempMethod)); } //执行动作 foreach (Action action in actions) action(); } class TempClass { public int copy; public void TempMethod() { Console.WriteLine(copy); } } }