• asp.net c#采集需要登录页面的实现原理及代码


    当我们采集页面的时候,如果被采集的网站需要登录才能采集,原理搞清楚了,就好办了,我们所要做的仅仅是在采集的时候(或者说HttpWebRequest提交数据的时候),将Cookie信息放入Http请求头里面就可以了,感兴趣的朋友可以了解下,或许对你有所帮助

    首先说明:代码片段是从网络获取,然后自己修改。我想好的东西应该拿来分享。 

    实现原理:当我们采集页面的时候,如果被采集的网站需要登录才能采集。不管是基于Cookie还是基于Session,我们都会首先发送一个Http请求头,这个Http请求头里面就包含了网站需要的Cookie信息。当网站接收到发送过来的Http请求头时,会从Http请求头获取相关的Cookie或者Session信息,然后由程序来处理,决定你是否有权限访问当前页面。

    好了,原理搞清楚了,就好办了。我们所要做的仅仅是在采集的时候(或者说HttpWebRequest提交数据的时候),将Cookie信息放入Http请求头里面就可以了。 

    在这里我提供2种方法。 
    第一种,直接将Cookie信息放入HttpWebRequest的CookieContainer里。看代码: 

    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) 

    //设置Cookie,存入Hashtable 
    Hashtable ht = new Hashtable(); 
    ht.Add("username", "youraccount"); 
    ht.Add("id", "yourid"); 
    this.Collect(ht); 

    public void Collect(Hashtable ht) 

    string content = string.Empty; 
    string url = "http://www.ibest100.com/需要登录后才能采集的页面"; 
    string host = "http://www.ibest100.com"; 
    try 

    //获取提交的字节 
    byte[] bs = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(content); 
    //设置提交的相关参数 
    HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url); 
    req.Method = "POST"; 
    req.ContentType = "application/json;charset=utf-8"; 
    req.ContentLength = bs.Length; 
    //将Cookie放入CookieContainer,然后再将CookieContainer添加到HttpWebRequest 
    CookieContainer cc = new CookieContainer(); 
    cc.Add(new Uri(host), new Cookie("username", ht["username"].ToString())); 
    cc.Add(new Uri(host), new Cookie("id", ht["id"].ToString())); 
    req.CookieContainer = cc; 
    //提交请求数据 
    Stream reqStream = req.GetRequestStream(); 
    reqStream.Write(bs, 0, bs.Length); 
    reqStream.Close(); 
    //接收返回的页面,必须的,不能省略 
    WebResponse wr = req.GetResponse(); 
    System.IO.Stream respStream = wr.GetResponseStream(); 
    System.IO.StreamReader reader = new System.IO.StreamReader(respStream, System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8")); 
    string t = reader.ReadToEnd(); 
    System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(t); 
    wr.Close(); 

    catch (Exception ex) 

    System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.Write("异常在getPostRespone:" + ex.Source + ":" + ex.Message); 

    第二种,每次打开采集程序时,需要先到被采集的网站模拟登录一次,获取CookieContainer,然后再采集。看代码: 

    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) 

    try 

    CookieContainer cookieContainer = new CookieContainer(); 
    string formatString = "username={0}&password={1}";//*************** 
    string postString = string.Format(formatString, "youradminaccount", "yourpassword"); 
    //将提交的字符串数据转换成字节数组 
    byte[] postData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postString); 
    //设置提交的相关参数 
    string URI = "http://www.ibest100.com/登录页面";//*************** 
    HttpWebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(URI) as HttpWebRequest; 
    request.Method = "POST"; 
    request.KeepAlive = false; 
    request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; 
    request.CookieContainer = cookieContainer; 
    request.ContentLength = postData.Length; 
    // 提交请求数据 
    System.IO.Stream outputStream = request.GetRequestStream(); 
    outputStream.Write(postData, 0, postData.Length); 
    outputStream.Close(); 
    //接收返回的页面,必须的,不能省略 
    HttpWebResponse response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse; 
    System.IO.Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream(); 
    System.IO.StreamReader reader = new System.IO.StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312")); 
    string srcString = reader.ReadToEnd(); 
    //打开您要访问的页面 
    URI = "http://www.ibest100.com/需要登录后才能采集的页面";//*************** 
    request = WebRequest.Create(URI) as HttpWebRequest; 
    request.Method = "GET"; 
    request.KeepAlive = false; 
    request.CookieContainer = cookieContainer; 
    // 接收返回的页面 
    response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse; 
    responseStream = response.GetResponseStream(); 
    reader = new System.IO.StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312")); 
    srcString = reader.ReadToEnd(); 
    //输出获取的页面或者处理 
    Response.Write(srcString); 

    catch (WebException we) 

    string msg = we.Message; 
    Response.Write(msg); 

    也许有人会问,如果对方登录的时候要验证码怎么办?那你就用第一种方式吧,只不过需要你分析对方的Cookie。 

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/sjqq/p/6516793.html
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