在开发中经常遇到Fatal Exception: java.lang.IllegalStateException:Can not perform this action after onSaveInstanceState异常,那这个异常出现原因是什么呢,怎么解决呢?
问题描述
出现Fatal Exception: java.lang.IllegalStateException:Can not perform this action after onSaveInstanceState异常有两种情况:
-
FragmentTransaction的commit()时出现:
具体堆栈信息如下:
-
Activity/FragmentActivity的onBackPressed时出现:
具体堆栈信息如下:
问题原因和解决方法
出现Fatal Exception: java.lang.IllegalStateException:Can not perform this action after onSaveInstanceState异常细分为两种情况,但产生原因是一样的,都是因为在存储状态之后调用了commit()/onBackPressed()方法,在commit()/onBackPrssed()中会调用checkStateLoss()方法,具体如下:
private void checkStateLoss() {
if (this.mStateSaved) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Can not perform this action after onSaveInstanceState");
} else if (this.mNoTransactionsBecause != null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Can not perform this action inside of " + this.mNoTransactionsBecause);
}
}
其中如果this.mStateSaved为true,就会抛出这个异常。而对于mStateSaved用了保存Fragment状态,是在Activity#onSaveInstanceState时通过调用FragmentManager#saveAllState方法,来进行Fragment的状态保存,同时设置mStateSaved为true,用来标识状态已被保存过。下面具体分析两种情况:
1.FragmentTransaction的commit()时出现:
FragmentTransaction的commit()会调用BackStackRecord.java的commit()方法,可以看到commit()和commitAllowingStateLoss()的具体实现,如下:
BackStackRecord.java
@Override
public int commit() {
return commitInternal(false);
}
@Override
public int commitAllowingStateLoss() {
return commitInternal(true);
}
int commitInternal(boolean allowStateLoss) {
if (mCommitted) throw new IllegalStateException("commit already called");
if (FragmentManagerImpl.DEBUG) {
Log.v(TAG, "Commit: " + this);
LogWriter logw = new LogWriter(TAG);
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(logw);
dump(" ", null, pw, null);
pw.close();
}
mCommitted = true;
if (mAddToBackStack) {
mIndex = mManager.allocBackStackIndex(this);
} else {
mIndex = -1;
}
mManager.enqueueAction(this, allowStateLoss);
return mIndex;
}
可以看出commit()和commitAllowingStateLoss()都是调用commitInternal()方法,只是传参不一样,而在commitInternal()方法中,根据传参会调用FragmentManager的enqueueAction方法,具体如下:
public void enqueueAction(OpGenerator action, boolean allowStateLoss) {
if (!allowStateLoss) {
checkStateLoss();
}
synchronized (this) {
if (mDestroyed || mHost == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Activity has been destroyed");
}
if (mPendingActions == null) {
mPendingActions = new ArrayList<>();
}
mPendingActions.add(action);
scheduleCommit();
}
}
如果allowStateLoss为true的话会调用checkStateLoss()方法进行检测。所以从源码可知commit()和commitAllowingStateLoss()的区别在于,commit()方法会检测fragment的状态,而commitAllowingStateLoss()不会对状态进行检测,状态会丢失。
由此得到结论和解决方法:
(1)在activity的生命周期方法中提交事务要小心,越早越好,比如onCreate或是在接收用户的输入时来提交。尽量避免在onActivityResult()方法中提交。
(2)避免在异步的回调方法中执行commit。因为他们感知不到当前activity生命周期的状态。
(3)如果ui状态的改变对用户来说是可以接受的话使用commitAllowingStateLoss()代替commit()。
2.Activity/FragmentActivity的onBackPressed时出现:
按返回键时会调用super.onBackPressed()方法,如下:
FragmentActivity.java中
@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
if (!mFragments.getSupportFragmentManager().popBackStackImmediate()) {
super.onBackPressed();
}
}
会调用FragmentManagerImpl的popBackStackImmediate()方法,如下:
@Override
public boolean popBackStackImmediate() {
checkStateLoss();
return popBackStackImmediate(null, -1, 0);
}
会调用checkStateLoss()方法,同上,会检测状态。
那这个问题怎么解决呢?
(1)添加try…catch,感觉这种方法并没有解决根本问题,不推荐。
(2)重写onSaveInstanceState方法,不调用super,但onSaveInstanceState方法是用来存储状态使用的,不调用super,防止系统保存fragment的状态,可能会引发一引起其他的问题;再有就是,对于support包下,在其onStop时也会把mStateSaved置为true,仍然能够遇到state loss exception。不推荐。
(3)设置标志位,状态保存过后,不处理KEY事件。具体如下:
public class FragmentStateLossActivity extends Activity {
private static final String TAG = "Fragment state loss";
private boolean mStateSaved;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_fragment_state_loss);
mStateSaved = false;
}
@Override
protected void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
// Not call super won't help us, still get crash
super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
imStateSaved = true;
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
mStateSaved = false;
}
@Override
protected void onStop() {
super.onStop();
mStateSaved = true;
}
@Override
protected void onStart() {
super.onStart();
mStateSaved = false;
}
@Override
public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
if (!mStateSaved) {
return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event);
} else {
// State already saved, so ignore the event
return true;
}
}
@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
if (!mStateSaved) {
super.onBackPressed();
}
}
}
但这种方法虽然能从根本上解决crash,但相对比较麻烦。
目前还没有发现更好的方法。
参考
https://juejin.im/entry/58636864128fe10069efc4b5
https://huxian99.github.io/2016/08/28/cj3qymo360000owxk9zp17alo/