Spring cloud Zuul 服务网关

上面的是一个最基本的微服务架构

1：Eureka Server注册中心

2：服务集群里面的应用ServiceA，ServiceB向注册中心进行注册和订阅服务

3：Open ServiceA 和Open ServiceB是RestFullAPI服务，通过负载均衡等，对外提供接口的调用

基本功能都能实现，但实际上还是有很多缺陷

1：运维：系统的路由等配置需要运维人员手工配置，易出错

2：开发：每个服务都要有相应的权限控制，当接口数量比较大的时候，权限控制会产生很大的代码量

3：接口无法实现复用

springCloud的服务网关可以解决上面的问题SpringCloud Zuul

 @SpringCloudApplication 注解在zuul依赖包下面 可以完美代替@SpringBootApplication，@EnableDiscoveryClient，@EnableCircuitBreaker三个注解

1：创建项目添加pom.xml依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.smart</groupId>
    <artifactId>zuul</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>zuul</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.5.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RC1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Brixton.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>


</project>

2：springCloud主程序部分

package com.smart;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.SpringCloudApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;

//@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy
@SpringCloudApplication
public class ZuulApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SpringApplication.run(ZuulApplication.class, args);
    }
}

3：配置文件

spring.application.name=api-gateway
server.port=5555

# routes to serviceId
zuul.routes.api-a.path=/api-a/**
zuul.routes.api-a.serviceId=service-A
zuul.routes.spi-a.name=service-A

zuul.routes.api-b.path=/api-b/**
zuul.routes.api-b.serviceId=service-B

# routes to url
zuul.routes.api-a-url.path=/api-a-url/**
zuul.routes.api-a-url.url=http://localhost:2222/

eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:1111/eureka/

配置文件这里映射两个服务，service-A  service-B，

4：启动eureka，service-A ，service-B，zuul

访问http://localhost:5555/api-a-url/add?a=1&b=2,

 

 

映射方式url映射，serviceId映射，这里发现serviceId映射方式并不能实现，报错，然而我并不清楚发生了什么

 

 

 注：关于映射

这里就说下url映射吧

# routes to url

zuul.routes.api-a-url.path=/api-a-url/**

zuul.routes.api-a-url.url=http://localhost:2222/

当访问http://localhost:5555/api-a-url/add?a=1&b=2会涉及到一个转发，实际访问的是http://localhost:2222/add?a=1&b=2