linux 下 nginx phpcgi 的安装及配置

一，什么是nginx，它有什么优点

Nginx ("engine x") 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和反向代理服务器，也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器。

Nginx 是一个很牛的高性能Web和反向代理服务器, 它具有有很多非常优越的特性:
在高连接并发的情况下，Nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品: Nginx在美国是做虚拟主机生意的老板们经常选择的软件平台之一. 能够支持高达 50,000 个并发连接数的响应, 感谢Nginx为我们选择了 epoll and kqueue作为开发模型.
Nginx作为负载均衡服务器: Nginx 既可以在内部直接支持 Rails 和 PHP 程序对外进行服务, 也可以支持作为 HTTP代理服务器对外进行服务. Nginx采用C进行编写, 不论是系统资源开销还是CPU使用效率都比 Perlbal 要好很多.
作为邮件代理服务器: Nginx 同时也是一个非常优秀的邮件代理服务器（最早开发这个产品的目的之一也是作为邮件代理服务器）, Last.fm 描述了成功并且美妙的使用经验.
Nginx 是一个安装非常的简单 , 配置文件非常简洁（还能够支持perl语法）, Bugs非常少的服务器: Nginx 启动特别容易, 并且几乎可以做到7*24不间断运行，即使运行数个月也不需要重新启动. 你还能够不间断服务的情况下进行软件版本的升级.

二，安装所要软件

wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.8.15.tar.gz

wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-7.9.tar.gz

wget http://museum.php.net/php5/php-5.2.6.tar.gz

三、安装PHP 5.2.6（FastCGI模式）

安装php的时候，需要安装支持php的一些库，不过一般情况，装好linux系统时，这些库基本上都装好，所以支持php安装的软件，就在这儿不说了。如果make && make install时提示出错时，你可以看一下缺少什么，你就装什么。

tar zxvf php-5.2.6.tar.gz
cd php-5.2.6/
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/php –with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql –with-zlib-dir –with-freetype-dir=/usr –with-jpeg-dir=/usr –with-png-dir=/usr –enable-gd-native-ttf –with-gd –enable-ftp –with-iconv –with-gettext –with-curl –enable-fastcgi –with-openssl

make && make install
cd /usr/local/php/lib
cp php.ini-dist php.ini

cp /usr/local/php/bin/php /usr/bin/php-cgi

1，修改php.ini

nano php.ini 按f6然后输入extension_dir

查找/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = “./”
修改为extension_dir = “/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/”

2，启动php-cgi

/usr/local/bin/spawn-fcgi -a 127.0.0.1 -p 9000 -C 5 -f /usr/bin/php-cgi

nginx配置文件中的 fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; 就是根据上面来的

3，查看一下

[zhangy@BlackGhost www]$ ps -e|grep php-cgi
3737 ?        00:00:00 php-cgi
3738 ?        00:00:03 php-cgi
3739 ?        00:00:03 php-cgi
3740 ?        00:00:04 php-cgi
3741 ?        00:00:03 php-cgi
3742 ?        00:00:03 php-cgi

四，安装nginx

tar zxvf nginx-0.8.35.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.8.35/
./configure –user=zhangy –group=users –prefix=/usr/local/nginx –with-http_stub_status_module –with-http_ssl_module –with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre
make && make install

1,配置nginx.conf

nano /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

  1 user  zhangy users;  
  2    
  3 worker_processes 10;  
  4    
  5 error_log  /var/vlogs/nginx_error.log  crit;  
  6   
  7 pid        /var/vlogs/nginx.pid;  
  8   
  9 #Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.  
 10 worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;  
 11   
 12 events  
 13 {  
 14   use epoll;  
 15   worker_connections 65535;  
 16 }  
 17   
 18 http  
 19 {  
 20   include       mime.types;  
 21   default_type  application/octet-stream;  
 22   
 23   #charset  gb2312;  
 24   
 25   server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;  
 26   client_header_buffer_size 32k;  
 27   large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;  
 28   client_max_body_size 8m;  
 29   
 30   sendfile on;  
 31   tcp_nopush     on;  
 32   
 33   keepalive_timeout 60;  
 34   
 35   tcp_nodelay on;  
 36   
 37   fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;  
 38   fastcgi_send_timeout 300;  
 39   fastcgi_read_timeout 300;  
 40   fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;  
 41   fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;  
 42   fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;  
 43   fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;  
 44   
 45   gzip on;  
 46   gzip_min_length  1k;  
 47   gzip_buffers     4 16k;  
 48   gzip_http_version 1.0;  
 49   gzip_comp_level 2;  
 50   gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;  
 51   gzip_vary on;  
 52   
 53   #limit_zone  crawler  $binary_remote_addr  10m;  
 54   
 55     upstream 127.0.0.1:1081  { server 127.0.0.1:1081; }  
 56     upstream localhost:1080 { server 127.0.0.1:1080; }  
 57   
 58   server  
 59   {  
 60     listen       10000;  
 61     server_name  :10000;  
 62     index index.html index.htm index.php;  
 63     root  /home/zhangy/www/metbee/trunk/src/web;  
 64   
 65     #limit_conn   crawler  20;      
 66   
 67     location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$  
 68     {        
 69   
 70          proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:1081;  
 71          break;  
 72   
 73       #fastcgi_pass  unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;  
 74       fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;  
 75       fastcgi_index index.php;  
 76       include fastcgi.conf;  
 77     }  
 78   
 79 #     location /main {  
 80 #         proxy_pass http://fast_test;  
 81 #         break;  
 82 #     }  
 83   
 84     location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$  
 85     {  
 86       expires      30d;  
 87     }  
 88   
 89     location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$  
 90     {  
 91       expires      1h;  
 92     }      
 93   
 94     log_format  access  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '  
 95               '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '  
 96               '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';  
 97     access_log  /var/log/metbee.log  access;  
 98       }  
 99   
100   server  
101   {  
102     listen       80;  
103     server_name  :80;  
104     index index.html index.htm blog/index.php;  
105     root  /home/zhangy/www;  
106   
107      location /test {  
108   
109          proxy_pass http://localhost:1080;  
110          break;  
111      }  
112   
113 #   location ~ .*\.(php|php5|html)?$  
114 # location ~ .*  
115 #    {     
116   
117 if (!-e $request_filename){  
118     rewrite ^/tag/(.*) /blog/index.php?tag=$1 last;  
119     rewrite ^/page/(\d+)$  /blog/index.php?paged=$1 last;  
120     rewrite ^/(.*)/(\d+)\.html /blog/index.php?p=$2 last;  
121     rewrite ^/category/(.*) /blog/index.php?category_name=$1 last;  
122 #   rewrite ^/date/([0-9]{4,4})/([0-9]{1,2})?$ /blog/index.php?year=$1&monthnum=$2&page=$3 last;  
123 #   rewrite ^/date/([0-9]{4,4})/([0-9]{1,2})?$ /blog/index.php?m=$1$2 last;  
124     rewrite ^/newpage(\d+)$  /blog/index.php?page_id=$1 last;  
125     rewrite ^/feed$  /blog/index.php?feed=rss2 last;  
126     rewrite ^/comment/feed$  /blog/index.php?feed=comment-rss2 last;  
127     rewrite http://blog.51yip.com$ http://blog.51yip.com/blog/index.php redirect;  
128 }  
129   
130 location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$  
131    {  
132       #fastcgi_pass  unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;  
133       fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;  
134       fastcgi_index index.php;  
135       include fastcgi.conf;  
136     }  
137   
138     log_format  wwwlogs  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '  
139                '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '  
140                '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';  
141     access_log  /var/log/wwwlogs.log  wwwlogs;  
142   }  
143   
144   server  
145   {  
146     listen       10001;  
147     server_name  :10001;  
148     index index.html index.htm index.php;  
149     root  /mnt/song/fastfds2/data;  
150   
151     location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$  
152     {  
153       #fastcgi_pass  unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;  
154       fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;  
155       fastcgi_index index.php;  
156       include fastcgi.conf;  
157     }  
158   
159     location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$  
160     {  
161       expires      30d;  
162     }  
163   
164     log_format  imagelogs  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '  
165                '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '  
166                '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';  
167     access_log  /var/log/imagelogs.log  imagelogs;  
168   }  
169   
170   server  
171   {  
172     listen  11211;  
173     server_name :11211;  
174   
175     location / {  
176     stub_status on;  
177     access_log   off;  
178     }  
179   }  
180 }

2，fastcgi.conf

cd /usr/local/nginx/conf

nano /usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf

 1 fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1;  
 2 fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx;  
 3   
 4 fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string;  
 5 fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;  
 6 fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;  
 7 fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length;  
 8   
 9 fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;  
10 fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;  
11 fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;  
12 fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;  
13 fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;  
14 fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;  
15   
16 fastcgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr;  
17 fastcgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port;  
18 fastcgi_param  SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr;  
19 fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port;  
20 fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name;  
21   
22 # PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect  
23 fastcgi_param  REDIRECT_STATUS    200;

3，优化linux内核参数

nano /etc/sysctl.conf

在末尾加上下面的东东

net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768
net.core.somaxconn = 32768

net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216

net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
#net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800

#net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
#net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535

4,启动nginx

ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx

5,查看启动

[zhangy@BlackGhost www]$ ps -e|grep nginx
4070 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4071 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4072 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4073 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4074 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4075 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4076 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4077 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4078 ?        00:00:00 nginx
4079 ?        00:00:00 nginx

五，开机启动

nano /etc/rc.local

ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/bin/spawn-fcgi -a 127.0.0.1 -p 9000 -C 5 -f /usr/bin/php-cgi
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

转：http://blog.51yip.com/apachenginx/601.html

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/shuaixf/p/2036048.html