1.Struts2基础使用方法 MVC框架 调度请求
2.开发步骤
2.1 引入依赖
2.2 配置web.xml 核心过滤器 StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
<filter-mapping>
2.3 UI
2.4 定义Action
public FirstAction implements Action{
public String execute() throws Exception{
return "逻辑视图名";
}
}
2.5 创建strus.xml
文件的根节点 <struts>
<package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<action name="请求路径" class="Action类的全路径">
<result name="success">/index.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
2.6部署运行
3.自动装配
零散属性：Action类中两个成员变量的名称和页面上表单元素name属性值保持一致。
规则：约定优于配置。
领域模型：两种配置
public class FirstAction implements Action{
private UserInfo userinfo;
}
配置一：
userinfo.username
userinfo.password
配置二：ModelDriven
public class FirstAction implements ModelDriven<UserInfo>,Action{
private UserInfo userinfo=new UserInfo();
public UserInfo getModel(){
return userinfo;
}
}
3.ServletAPI 操作 session request, application
解耦
方式一：
public FirstAction implements Action{
public String execute() throws Exception{
Map<String,Object> map= ActionContext.getContext().getSession();
map.put(k,v);
return "逻辑视图名";
}
}
方式二：
public FirstAction implements SessionAware,Action{
Map<String,Object> map ;
public String execute() throws Exception{
map.put(k,v);
return "逻辑视图名";
}
public void setSessionAware(Map<String,Object> map){
this.map=map;
}
}
耦合
方式一:
public FirstAction implements Action{
public String execute() throws Exception{
HttpSession session=ServletActionContext.getRequest().getSession();
session.setAttribute(k,v);
return "逻辑视图名";
}
}
方式二：
public class FirstAction implements Action,ServletRequestAware {
HttpServletRequest request;
public String execute() throws Exception {
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
return null;
}
public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest) {
request=httpServletRequest;
}
}
4.Action------->UI 数据共享
Map<String,Object> map;
map.put("uname","张三");
ValueStack vs=ActionContext.getContext().getValueStack();
ValueStack vs=(ValueStack)ServletActionContext.getRequest.getAttributes("struts.valueStack");
vs.push(map);
方式一：不加#
<s:property value="uname">
￥{uname}
方式二：得加#
<s:property value="#session.uname">
1.Struts2执行 基本架构
GPR原则：登录
给用户看一眼 get
用户填写登录信息，点击登录 post
页面跳转欢迎界面 redirect
*可以将核心过滤器看成是Action类的中央调度器。
2.Struts.xml 节点详细讲解
namspace作用：隔离不同的命名空间下的逻辑同名的Action
几个文件的执行顺序
1.default.property
2.struts-default.xml
3.struts-plugin.xml
4.struts.xml
5.struts.property
6.web.xml
3.常量配置
<!--修改Struts.xml，不用重启容器-->
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
4.动态方法调用(DMI Dynamic Mehtod Invocation) RMI Remote Method Invocation 远程方法调用
当一个Action中有多个业务方法的时候，我们要向让客户端请求能匹配到对应的方法，我们现在的做法
定义多个Action节点，我们又想到了，如果Action节点很多，维护起来很不方便。
1.开启动态方法调用
2.配置
通过!访问方法 actionName!list actionName!del(Action类中的真实方法) 可能会注入
缺点：
5.通配符 *_* 万象归终 四两拨千斤
使用一个节点 实现整个软件所有的Action best prectice 约定由于配置
6.ResultType 结果类型
dispatcher 普通转发到视图页面 (默认值) ->转发
redirect 重定向到视图页面
redirectAction 重定向到Action
chain 转发到Action
plainText
转发到Action ：type="chain"
<result name="list" type="chain">
<param name="actionName">userActionResultAdd</param>
<param name="namespace">/</param>
</result>
pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.3</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--获取ServletAPI-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javaee</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
<version>5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
<version>2.3.4.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts.xwork</groupId>
<artifactId>xwork-core</artifactId>
<version>2.3.4.1</version>
</dependency>
<filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>
struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPEstrutsPUBLIC"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN""http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
<!--创建一个default包，继承自Struts2的struts-default包-->
<!--<package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<!–接受处理用户的/helloword.action请求，并根据返回结果，完成跳转–>
<action name="helloword"
class="cn.struts.one.HelloWordAction">
<!–结果为”helloword时，跳转至helloword.jsp页面–>
<result name="ss">helloword.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>-->
<package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<action name="useraction" class="cn.struts.UsesrAction">
<result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
<result name="input">1.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
<include file="struts-day02.xml"></include>
<include file="struts-day03.xml"></include>
<include file="struts-day04.xml"></include>
<include file="struts-day05.xml"></include>
</struts>
filtFirst类
public class filtFirst extends ActionSupport {
public String list(){
System.out.println("list");
return "list";
}
public String del(){
System.out.println("del");
return "del";
}
}
struts-day02.xml
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true"></constant>
<package name="cn.struts.day02" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<!--list-->
<action name="firstlist" class="cn.struts.day02.filtFirst" method="list">
<result name="list">/day02/list.jsp</result>
</action>
<!--del-->
<action name="firstDel" class="cn.struts.day02.filtFirst" method="del">
<result name="del">/day02/del.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
------------------------------------------------------------
twodell类
public class twodell extends ActionSupport {
public String one(){
return "one";
}
public String two(){
return "two";
}
}
struts-day03.xml
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true"></constant>
<package name="cn.struts.day03" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<!--list-->
<action name="*_*" class="cn.struts.day03.{1}" method="{2}">
<result name="{2}">/day03/{2}.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
-----------------------------------------------------
filtFirst类
public class filtFirst extends ActionSupport {
public String list(){
System.out.println("list===================");
return "list";
}
public String del(){
System.out.println("del====================");
return "del";
}
}
struts-day04.xml
<struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true"></constant>
<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true"></constant>
<package name="cn.struts.day04" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<!--list-->
<action name="firstFirst" class="cn.struts.day04.filtFirst">
<result name="list">/day02/list.jsp</result>
<result name="del">/day02/del.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
UserAction类
public class UserAction extends ActionSupport {
public String del(){
return "del";
}
public String list(){
Map<String,Object> request= (Map<String, Object>) ActionContext.getContext().get("request");
request.put("uname","啦啦");
return "list";
}
public String add(){
Map<String,Object> request= (Map<String, Object>) ActionContext.getContext().get("request");
Object uname=request.get("uname");
request.put("info","数据");
return "add";
}
}
struts-day05.xml
<struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true"></constant>
<package name="day05" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<action name="userActionResult" class="cn.struts.day05.UserAction" method="list">
<result name="list" type="chain">
<param name="actionName">userActionAdd</param>
<param name="namespace">/</param>
</result>
</action>
<action name="userActionAdd" class="cn.struts.day05.UserAction" method="add">
<result name="add">/day05/add.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
add.jsp
<body>
<s:debug/>
${info}${uname}<h2>Day05 Add</h2>
</body>