模板
1、模版的执行
模版的创建过程，对于模版，其实就是读取模版（其中嵌套着模版标签），然后将 Model 中获取的数据插入到模版中，最后将信息返回给用户。
def current_datetime(request):
now = datetime.datetime.now()
html = "<html><body>It is now %s.</body></html>" % now
return HttpResponse(html)
from django import template
t = template.Template('My name is {{ name }}.')
c = template.Context({'name': 'Adrian'})
print t.render(c)
import datetime
from django import template
import DjangoDemo.settings
now = datetime.datetime.now()
fp = open(settings.BASE_DIR+'/templates/Home/Index.html')
t = template.Template(fp.read())
fp.close()
html = t.render(template.Context({'current_date': now}))
return HttpResponse(html
from django.template.loader import get_template
from django.template import Context
from django.http import HttpResponse
import datetime
def current_datetime(request):
now = datetime.datetime.now()
t = get_template('current_datetime.html')
html = t.render(Context({'current_date': now}))
return HttpResponse(html)
return render_to_response('Account/Login.html',data,context_instance=RequestContext(request))
2、模版语言
模板中也有自己的语言，该语言可以实现数据展示
- {{ item }}
- {% for item in item_list %} <a>{{ item }}</a> {% endfor %}
forloop.counter
forloop.first
forloop.last - {% if ordered_warranty %} {% else %} {% endif %}
- 母板：{% block title %}{% endblock %}
子板：{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block title %}{% endblock %} - 帮助方法：
{{ item.event_start|date:"Y-m-d H:i:s"}}
{{ bio|truncatewords:"30" }}
{{ my_list|first|upper }}
{{ name|lower }}
3、自定义simple_tag
a、在app中创建templatetags模块
b、创建任意 .py 文件，如：xx.py
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#!/usr/bin/env python#coding:utf-8from django import templatefrom django.utils.safestring import mark_safe register = template.Library() @register.simple_tagdef my_simple_time(v1,v2,v3): return v1 + v2 + v3 @register.simple_tagdef my_input(id,arg): result = "<input type='text' id='%s' class='%s' />" %(id,arg,) return mark_safe(result) |
c、在使用自定义simple_tag的html文件中导入之前创建的 xx.py 文件名
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{% load xx %} |
d、使用simple_tag
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{% my_simple_time 1 2 3%}{% my_input 'id_username' 'hide'%} |
e、在settings中配置当前app，不然django无法找到自定义的simple_tag
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INSTALLED_APPS = ( 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'app01',) |
更多见文档：https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/templates/language/
views.py
1 import json 2 from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse 3 from app01 import models 4 # Create your views here. 5 def index(request): 6 # models.BxSlider.objects.filter(status=1) 对象 7 queryset_dict = models.BxSlider.objects.filter(status=1).values('img','href','name') 8 # queryset_list = models.BxSlider.objects.filter(status=1).values_list('img','href','name') 9 return render(request,'index.html', {'queryset_dict': queryset_dict}) 10 11 def student(request): 12 13 # student 14 # studentDetail 15 detail_list = models.StudentDetail.objects.filter(student__status=1).values('letter_of_thanks',"student__name","student__salary",'student__company', 'student__pic') 16 print(detail_list) 17 return render(request,'student.html', {'detail_list': detail_list})
student.html
1 {% load xx %} 2 <!DOCTYPE html> 3 <html lang="en"> 4 <head> 5 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 6 <title>Title</title> 7 <style> 8 .clearfix:after{ 9 content: '.'; 10 visibility: hidden; 11 height: 0; 12 clear: both; 13 display: block; 14 } 15 </style> 16 </head> 17 <body> 18 19 <div> 20 21 </div> 22 23 24 <div style="margin: 0 auto; 980px;" class="clearfix"> 25 <div style=" 245px;float: left"> 26 {% for item in detail_list %} 27 28 {% detail1 item forloop.counter 4 1 %} 29 30 {% endfor %} 31 </div> 32 <div style=" 245px;float: left"> 33 {% for item in detail_list %} 34 {% detail1 item forloop.counter 4 2 %} 35 {% endfor %} 36 </div> 37 <div style=" 245px;float: left"> 38 {% for item in detail_list %} 39 {% detail1 item forloop.counter 4 3 %} 40 {% endfor %} 41 42 </div> 43 {# {{ forloop.counter|detail3 }}#} 44 <div style=" 245px;float: left"> 45 {% for item in detail_list %} 46 {% if forloop.counter|detail3:"4,0" %} 47 <div style=" 245px;"> 48 <img style=" 245px;height: 200px;" src="/{{ item.student__pic }}"> 49 <p>{{ item.student__name }}</p> 50 <p>{{ item.student__salary }}</p> 51 <p>{{ item.letter_of_thanks }}</p> 52 </div> 53 {% endif %} 54 55 {% endfor %} 56 57 </div> 58 </div> 59 60 </body> 61 </html>
xx.py
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- 3 from django import template 4 from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe 5 from django.template.base import Node, TemplateSyntaxError 6 7 register = template.Library() 8 9 @register.simple_tag 10 def my_simple_time(v1,v2,v3): 11 return v1 + v2 + v3 12 13 @register.simple_tag 14 def detail1(item,counter,allcount,remainder): 15 temp = """ 16 <div style=" 245px;"> 17 <img style=" 245px;height: 200px;" src="/%s"> 18 <p>%s</p> 19 <p>%s</p> 20 <p>%s</p> 21 </div> 22 """ 23 if counter%allcount == remainder: 24 temp = temp %(item['student__pic'], 25 item['student__name'], 26 item['student__salary'], 27 item['letter_of_thanks']) 28 return mark_safe(temp) 29 else: 30 return "" 31 32 @register.simple_tag 33 def detail2(counter,allcount,remainder): 34 """ 35 查看余数是否等于remainder 36 :param counter: 37 :param allcount: 38 :param remainder: 39 :return: 40 """ 41 if counter%allcount == remainder: 42 return True 43 return False 44 45 @register.filter 46 def detail3(value,arg): 47 48 """ 49 查看余数是否等于remainder arg="1,2" 50 :param counter: 51 :param allcount: 52 :param remainder: 53 :return: 54 """ 55 allcount, remainder = arg.split(',') 56 allcount = int(allcount) 57 remainder = int(remainder) 58 if value%allcount == remainder: 59 return True 60 return False