1、说明
ROS的节点通信模式有多种,本文介绍service-client模式
本文的示例功能是计算 sum=a+b-c*n
下文中功能包的创建步骤不再做详细介绍
2、创建功能包
仍然和前例使用同一个工作空间
cd ~/projrct/catkin_ws/
catkin_create_pkg test_service roscpp std_msgs message_generation
这里还是显示指定依赖,避免后期修改编译配置
3、自定义通信数据类型
和 topic 模式不同的是,topic 使用msg文件声明类型,service-client使用srv文件声明类型
cd test_service
mkdir srv && cd srv
touch TestData.srv
编辑 TestData.srv 文件,如下:
int32 a
int32 b
int32 c
int32 n
---
int64 sum
service-client既然是一问一答模式,自然就需要request和response,这里的 --- 用于区分,必不可少
这时候,可以先编译一下包,以方便后面写代码
我们可以通过 rossrv 指令来检查自定义的类型是否被ROS识别了
rossrv show test_service/TestData
如果能打印出文件内容,表示已经被识别
4、编写代码
cd ~/project/catkin_ws/src/test_service/src
touch service_node.cpp
touch client_node.cpp
service_node.cpp 代码如下:
#include "ros/ros.h"
#include "test_service/TestData.h"//自动生成的自定义类型头文件
bool calc(test_service::TestData::Request &req, test_service::TestData::Response &res)
{
res.sum = req.a + req.b - req.c * req.n;
ROS_INFO("recieve request: a=%d, b=%d, c=%d, n=%d", req.a, req.b, req.c, req.n);
ROS_INFO("send response: sum=%ld", (long int)res.sum);
return true;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
ros::init(argc, argv, "server_node");//初始化ROS节点,声明节点名称
ros::NodeHandle handle;//声明一个ros节点句柄
#创建服务,并讲服务加入到ROS网络中,在ROS网路中以calc作为唯一标识,其他节点使用此唯一标识进行请求
ros::ServiceServer service = handle.advertiseService("calc", calc);
ROS_INFO("service is ready!!!");
ros::spin();
return 0;
}
client_node.cpp 代码如下:
#include "ros/ros.h"
#include "test_service/TestData.h"
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
ros::init(argc, argv, "client_node");//初始化ROS节点,并声明节点名称
ros::NodeHandle handle;
//定义client,并指定需要请求的service,使用之前定义的唯一标识
ros::ServiceClient client = handle.serviceClient<test_service::TestData>("calc");
test_service::TestData testData;
testData.request.a = 100;
testData.request.b = 99;
testData.request.c = 12;
testData.request.n = 2;
if (client.call(testData))//发起请求
{
ROS_INFO("sum=%ld", (long int)testData.response.sum);
}
else
{
ROS_INFO("failed to call service add_two_ints");
}
return 0;
}
5、编译配置
查看一下 CMakeLists.txt 和 package.xml 中的关键项目
5.1、CMakeLists.txt
这里之列出一些关键项目
#创建包时自动添加
find_package(catkin REQUIRED COMPONENTS
message_generation
roscpp
std_msgs
)
## Generate services in the 'srv' folder
#需要手动添加,由注释可知,srv文件需要放在srv文件夹下
add_service_files(
FILES
TestData.srv
)
#创建包时自动添加,作用是自动创建自定义类型的代码文件,类型依赖std_msgs库
generate_messages(
DEPENDENCIES
std_msgs
)
#手动添加,service-client模式需要生成两个二进制文件
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME}_service_node src/service_node.cpp)
add_dependencies(${PROJECT_NAME}_service_node ${${PROJECT_NAME}_EXPORTED_TARGETS} ${catkin_EXPORTED_TARGETS})
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME}_service_node
${catkin_LIBRARIES}
)
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME}_client_node src/client_node.cpp)
add_dependencies(${PROJECT_NAME}_client_node ${${PROJECT_NAME}_EXPORTED_TARGETS} ${catkin_EXPORTED_TARGETS})
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME}_client_node
${catkin_LIBRARIES}
)
5.2、package.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<package format="2">
<name>test_service</name>
<version>0.0.0</version>
<description>The test_service package</description>
<maintainer email="eco@todo.todo">eco</maintainer>
<license>TODO</license>
<buildtool_depend>catkin</buildtool_depend>
<build_depend>message_generation</build_depend>
<build_depend>roscpp</build_depend>
<build_depend>std_msgs</build_depend>
<build_export_depend>roscpp</build_export_depend>
<build_export_depend>std_msgs</build_export_depend>
<build_export_depend>message_generation</build_export_depend>
<exec_depend>message_runtime</exec_depend>
<exec_depend>roscpp</exec_depend>
<exec_depend>std_msgs</exec_depend>
<!-- The export tag contains other, unspecified, tags -->
<export>
<!-- Other tools can request additional information be placed here -->
</export>
</package>
这里有三个依赖比较关键
<build_depend>message_generation</build_depend>
<build_export_depend>message_generation</build_export_depend>
<exec_depend>message_runtime</exec_depend>
6、编译运行
编译:
catkin_make -DCATKIN_WHITELIST_PACKAGES="test_service"
开启节点管理器
roscore
运行service节点
cd ~/project/catkin_ws/
source devel/setup.bash
rosrun test_service test_service_service_node
运行client节点
cd ~/project/catkin_ws/
source devel/setup.bash
rosrun test_service test_service_client_node
运行如下:
rosrun test_service test_service_serviceode
[ INFO] [1620440457.958186943]: service is ready!!!
[ INFO] [1620440460.409754974]: recieve request: a=100, b=99, c=12, n=2
[ INFO] [1620440460.409789657]: send response: sum=175
rosrun test_service test_service_client_node
[ INFO] [1620440460.410109766]: sum=175