• ubuntu的一些常用命令及疑难杂症


    记录ubuntu下各种注意事项及常用命令

    1,发热:因为硬件厂商对linux类系统的支持不足,驱动不会自动安装,所以要自己装。。。

    http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-04/116450.htm

    2,装上chrome后删掉firefox,su后用synaptic装 ,装软件和删软件都科研

    习惯装上adblock,fireshot,getthemall三个插件

    http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/335530da98061b19cb41c31d.html

     

    3,github上找个lantern

    3,双系统切换问题:我是装的win7 + ubuntu16.04 双系统,然而可能发生ubuntu把win7的mbr干掉了

    的情况,回不了win7,所以必须处理这个问题

    https://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/viewtopic.php?f=139&t=442830

    你可以进入ubuntu
    
    那么太好了,你只需要增加一段自动搜索的代码就可以了
    
    代码:
    sudo gedit /etc/grub.d/40_custom
    
    在文档最下面增加:
    
    代码:
    menuentry '搜索并启动windows7'  {
       recordfail
       gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
       insmod gzio
       insmod part_msdos
       insmod ntfs
       search --no-floppy --file --set=root /bootmgr
         ntldr /bootmgr
    }
    
    如果你已经知道bootmgr在第一分区(隐藏分区)
    也可以这样写
    代码:
    menuentry '启动windows7'  {
       recordfail
       gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
       insmod gzio
       insmod part_msdos
       insmod ntfs
       set root=(hd0,msdos1)
          ntldr /bootmgr
    }
    
    最后
    代码:
    sudo update-grub
    
    
    重启选择新菜单进入
    

    回到win7后可用easybcd修复一下

    4,

    软件安装命令:sudo apt-get install softname

    然而很多时候“源”不对,就会说定位不到这个软件,查找不到这个软件之类的,解决方式就是换“源”,“源”这个东西就是软件中心的地址,网络上有各种各样的可提供软件下载的网络中心,

    源的地址可以通过:gedit /etc/apt/sources.list 来修改

    提示没有权限修改,就su到root下修改

    #163
    
    deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    ##测试版源
    deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    # 源码
    deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    ##测试版源
    deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    
    
    #
    deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/v-launchpad-jochen-sprickerhof-de/pcl/ubuntu trusty main
    deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/v-launchpad-jochen-sprickerhof-de/pcl/ubuntu trusty main
    
    # 
    deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
    deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
    deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial universe
    deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
    deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
    deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
    deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse
    
    # 
    deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted #Added by software-properties
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse #Added by software-properties
    deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
    deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse
    
    #
    # Canonical 合作伙伴和附加
    deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/ xenial partner
    deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main
    
    
    #
    deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    

      

    5, 输入pwd,显示当前工作目录

    6, dpkg -i soft_deb 命令可以安装deb包

    7, make -j4 开启4个线程make软件,之后记得sudo make install

    8, 删除软件,清理垃圾

    sudo apt-get purge softwarename

    sudo apt-get autoremove
    sudo apt-get clean
    sudo apt-get autoclean

    9, 装pcl的ppa命令,然而并没什么卵用

    sudo add-apt-repository ppa:v-launchpad-jochen-sprickerhof-de/pcl
    sudo apt-get update
    sudo apt-get install libpcl-all

    10, su后 rm -rf anything

    删除各种文件,可以用通配符

    sudo apt-get -f install

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/shepherd2015/p/5906026.html
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