VMware——在CentOS中安装VMware Tools

VMware——在CentOS中安装VMware Tools

摘要：本文主要记录了如何在VMware中的CentOS系统中，安装VMware Tools。

安装依赖

查看系统相关信息：

[root@localhost ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64

查看已经安装的kernel版本：

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep kernel
kernel-tools-libs-3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64
kernel-3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64
kernel-tools-3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64

如果结果列表中有同系统版本不相同的版本，即后缀不是“3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64”的版本，则需要手动卸载和系统版本不相同的版本：

[root@localhost ~]# yum remove kernel-3.10.0-1127.13.1.el7.x86_64

安装所需依赖：

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install perl gcc gcc-c++ make cmake kernel kernel-headers kernel-devel net-tools

缺少的包可以下载：

https://buildlogs.centos.org/c7.1511.00/kernel

加载光驱

首先要将Vmware Tools加载到光驱里，点击菜单中的“虚拟机”，选择“安装 VMware Tools(T)...”：

挂载驱动

将加载的光驱挂载到设备目录，通常情况下都是将设备目录“/dev/cdrom”挂载到“/mnt/cdrom”目录。

先创建“/mnt/cdrom”目录：

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mnt/cdrom

然后进行挂载：

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
mount: /dev/sr0 写保护，将以只读方式挂载

拷贝安装包

查看挂载后的目录，并将安装包复制到安装目录：

[root@localhost ~]# ll /mnt/cdrom/
总用量 55889
-r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root     1975 3月  22 2018 manifest.txt
-r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root     4393 3月  22 2018 run_upgrader.sh
-r--r--r--. 1 root root 55485539 3月  22 2018 VMwareTools-10.2.5-8068393.tar.gz
-r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root   843372 3月  22 2018 vmware-tools-upgrader-32
-r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root   893640 3月  22 2018 vmware-tools-upgrader-64
[root@localhost ~]# cp /mnt/cdrom/VMwareTools-10.2.5-8068393.tar.gz ~

解除挂载

既然已经复制了安装包，那么就可以解除挂载了：

[root@localhost ~]# umount /dev/cdrom

安装

解压并安装：

[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf VMwareTools-10.2.5-8068393.tar.gz
...
vmware-tools-distrib/vmware-install.pl
[root@localhost ~]# ./vmware-tools-distrib/vmware-install.pl

安装过程如下：

[root@localhost ~]# ./vmware-tools-distrib/vmware-install.pl
open-vm-tools packages are available from the OS vendor and VMware recommends
using open-vm-tools packages. See http://kb.vmware.com/kb/2073803 for more
information.
Do you still want to proceed with this installation? [no]

INPUT: [no]  default

[root@localhost ~]# ./vmware-tools-distrib/vmware-install.pl
open-vm-tools packages are available from the OS vendor and VMware recommends
using open-vm-tools packages. See http://kb.vmware.com/kb/2073803 for more
information.
Do you still want to proceed with this installation? [no] yes

INPUT: [yes]

Creating a new VMware Tools installer database using the tar4 format.

Installing VMware Tools.

In which directory do you want to install the binary files?
[/usr/bin]

INPUT: [/usr/bin]  default

What is the directory that contains the init directories (rc0.d/ to rc6.d/)?
[/etc/rc.d]

INPUT: [/etc/rc.d]  default

What is the directory that contains the init scripts?
[/etc/rc.d/init.d]

INPUT: [/etc/rc.d/init.d]  default

In which directory do you want to install the daemon files?
[/usr/sbin]

INPUT: [/usr/sbin]  default

In which directory do you want to install the library files?
[/usr/lib/vmware-tools]

INPUT: [/usr/lib/vmware-tools]  default

The path "/usr/lib/vmware-tools" does not exist currently. This program is
going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want?
[yes]

INPUT: [yes]  default

In which directory do you want to install the common agent library files?
[/usr/lib]

INPUT: [/usr/lib]  default

In which directory do you want to install the common agent transient files?
[/var/lib]

INPUT: [/var/lib]  default

In which directory do you want to install the documentation files?
[/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools]

INPUT: [/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools]  default

The path "/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools" does not exist currently. This program
is going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you
want? [yes]

INPUT: [yes]  default

The installation of VMware Tools 10.2.5 build-8068393 for Linux completed
successfully. You can decide to remove this software from your system at any
time by invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall-tools.pl".

Before running VMware Tools for the first time, you need to configure it by
invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-config-tools.pl". Do you want
this program to invoke the command for you now? [yes]

INPUT: [yes]  default

Initializing...


Making sure services for VMware Tools are stopped.

Stopping Thinprint services in the virtual machine:
   Stopping Virtual Printing daemon:                                   done
Stopping vmware-tools (via systemctl):  [  确定  ]


The module vmci has already been installed on this system by another installer
or package and will not be modified by this installer.

The module vsock has already been installed on this system by another installer
or package and will not be modified by this installer.

The module vmxnet3 has already been installed on this system by another
installer or package and will not be modified by this installer.

The module pvscsi has already been installed on this system by another
installer or package and will not be modified by this installer.

The module vmmemctl has already been installed on this system by another
installer or package and will not be modified by this installer.

The VMware Host-Guest Filesystem allows for shared folders between the host OS
and the guest OS in a Fusion or Workstation virtual environment.  Do you wish
to enable this feature? [yes]

INPUT: [yes]  default


Before you can compile modules, you need to have the following installed...

make
gcc
kernel headers of the running kernel


Searching for GCC...
Detected GCC binary at "/bin/gcc".
The path "/bin/gcc" appears to be a valid path to the gcc binary.
Would you like to change it? [no]

INPUT: [no]  default

Searching for a valid kernel header path...
Detected the kernel headers at
"/lib/modules/3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64/build/include".
The path "/lib/modules/3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64/build/include" appears to be a
valid path to the 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 kernel headers.
Would you like to change it? [no]

INPUT: [no]  default

Using kernel build system.
make: 进入目录“/tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only”
/bin/make -C /lib/modules/3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64/build/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. 
  MODULEBUILDDIR= modules
make[1]: 进入目录“/usr/src/kernels/3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64”
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/message.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/dir.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/request.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/filesystem.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/cpName.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/rpcout.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/stubs.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/hgfsUtil.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/hgfsEscape.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/link.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/transport.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/module.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/file.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/super.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/bdhandler.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/fsutil.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/cpNameLinux.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/hgfsBd.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/backdoorGcc64.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/page.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/backdoor.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/inode.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/dentry.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/cpNameLite.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/kernelStubsLinux.o
  LD [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/vmhgfs.o
  Building modules, stage 2.
  MODPOST 1 modules
  CC      /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/vmhgfs.mod.o
  LD [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/vmhgfs.ko
make[1]: 离开目录“/usr/src/kernels/3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64”
/bin/make -C $PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. 
  MODULEBUILDDIR= postbuild
make[1]: 进入目录“/tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only”
make[1]: “postbuild”是最新的。
make[1]: 离开目录“/tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only”
cp -f vmhgfs.ko ./../vmhgfs.o
make: 离开目录“/tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only”

The vmxnet driver is no longer supported on kernels 3.3 and greater. Please
upgrade to a newer virtual NIC. (e.g., vmxnet3 or e1000e)

The vmblock enables dragging or copying files between host and guest in a
Fusion or Workstation virtual environment.  Do you wish to enable this feature?
[yes]

INPUT: [yes]  default

NOTICE:  It appears your system does not have the required fuse packages
installed.  The VMware blocking filesystem requires the fuse packages and its
libraries to function properly.  Please install the fuse or fuse-utils package
using your systems package management utility and re-run this script in order
to enable the VMware blocking filesystem.

VMware automatic kernel modules enables automatic building and installation of
VMware kernel modules at boot that are not already present. This feature can
be enabled/disabled by re-running vmware-config-tools.pl.

Would you like to enable VMware automatic kernel modules?
[yes]

INPUT: [yes]  default

Do you want to enable Guest Authentication (vgauth)? Enabling vgauth is needed
if you want to enable Common Agent (caf). [yes]

INPUT: [yes]  default

Do you want to enable Common Agent (caf)? [no]

INPUT: [no]  default

No X install found.

Creating a new initrd boot image for the kernel.
Generating the key and certificate files.
Successfully generated the key and certificate files.
manageSELinux install: The 'semanage' utility was not found.
There was an error configuring the SELinux security context for VMware Tools.  
Please make certain that SELinux is configured correctly.

The configuration of VMware Tools 10.2.5 build-8068393 for Linux for this
running kernel completed successfully.

You must restart your X session before any mouse or graphics changes take
effect.

To enable advanced X features (e.g., guest resolution fit, drag and drop, and
file and text copy/paste), you will need to do one (or more) of the following:
1. Manually start /usr/bin/vmware-user
2. Log out and log back into your desktop session
3. Restart your X session.

Enjoy,

--the VMware team

[root@localhost ~]#