MySQL入门——在Linux下安装和卸载MariaDB
摘要：本文主要学习了如何在Linux系统中安装和卸载MariaDB数据库。
查看有没有安装过MariaDB
使用命令查看有没有安装过：
1 [root@localhost ~]# yum list installed | grep mariadb 2 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos @anaconda 3 [root@localhost ~]#
使用的系统是CentOS版本是7.2.1511，可以看到系统只是安装了用到的libs包，并没有安装MariaDB的服务端和客户端。
安装MariaDB
安装
使用命令安装：
1 [root@localhost ~]# yum install -y mariadb mariadb-server 2 已加载插件：fastestmirror 3 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile 4 * base: mirrors.huaweicloud.com 5 * extras: mirrors.huaweicloud.com 6 * updates: mirrors.huaweicloud.com 7 正在解决依赖关系 8 --> 正在检查事务 9 ... 10 完毕！ 11 [root@localhost ~]#
使用命令查看安装的程序：
1 [root@localhost ~]# yum list installed | grep mariadb 2 mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5 @base 3 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5 @base 4 mariadb-server.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5 @base 5 [root@localhost ~]#
启动服务
查看MariaDB的状态：
1 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl status mariadb 2 ● mariadb.service - MariaDB database server 3 Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled) 4 Active: inactive (dead) 5 [root@localhost ~]#
启动MariaDB并查看MariaDB的状态：
1 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb 2 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl status mariadb 3 ● mariadb.service - MariaDB database server 4 Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled) 5 Active: active (running) since 六 2019-07-13 05:19:08 CST; 36s ago 6 Process: 4162 ExecStartPost=/usr/libexec/mariadb-wait-ready $MAINPID (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) 7 Process: 4082 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mariadb-prepare-db-dir %n (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) 8 Main PID: 4161 (mysqld_safe) 9 CGroup: /system.slice/mariadb.service 10 ├─4161 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr 11 └─4323 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log --pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid --socke... 12 ... 13 [root@localhost ~]#
连接数据库
连接并查看版本：
1 [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot 2 Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or g. 3 Your MariaDB connection id is 2 4 Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server 5 6 Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. 7 8 Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. 9 10 MariaDB [(none)]> select version(); 11 +----------------+ 12 | version() | 13 +----------------+ 14 | 5.5.60-MariaDB | 15 +----------------+ 16 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 17 18 MariaDB [(none)]>
退出：
1 MariaDB [(none)]> exit 2 Bye 3 [root@localhost ~]#
简单配置
使用命令对MariaDB进行简单配置：
1 [root@localhost ~]# mysql_secure_installation 2 3 NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB 4 SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
输入当前的密码，如果没有设置就回车：
1 In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current 2 password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and 3 you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank, 4 so you should just press enter here. 5 6 Enter current password for root (enter for none): 7 OK, successfully used password, moving on...
是否为root用户设置密码：
1 Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB 2 root user without the proper authorisation. 3 4 Set root password? [Y/n] Y 5 New password: 6 Re-enter new password: 7 Password updated successfully! 8 Reloading privilege tables.. 9 ... Success!
是否删除匿名用户：
1 By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone 2 to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for 3 them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation 4 go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a 5 production environment. 6 7 Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] 8 ... Success!
是否允许root用户远程登录：
1 Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This 2 ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. 3 4 Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] 5 ... Success!
是否删除test数据库：
1 By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can 2 access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed 3 before moving into a production environment. 4 5 Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] 6 - Dropping test database... 7 ... Success! 8 - Removing privileges on test database... 9 ... Success!
是否重新加载权限表：
1 Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far 2 will take effect immediately. 3 4 Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] 5 ... Success!
设置完成：
1 Cleaning up... 2 3 All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB 4 installation should now be secure. 5 6 Thanks for using MariaDB! 7 [root@localhost ~]#
卸载MariaDB
使用命令卸载安装包：
1 [root@localhost ~]# yum remove -y mariadb-libs 2 已加载插件：fastestmirror 3 正在解决依赖关系 4 --> 正在检查事务 5 ... 6 完毕！ 7 [root@localhost ~]#
查看卸载后的安装情况：
1 [root@localhost ~]# yum list installed | grep mariadb 2 [root@localhost ~]#
表明已经从系统中卸载了。