• mongodb使用总结1


    安装mongodb

    $ # replace "1.6.4" in the url below with the version you want

    $ curl http://downloads.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-1.6.4.tgz > mongo.tgz

    $ tar xzf mongo.tgz

    $ cd mongo

    $./mongod  #启动服务器

    $./mongo #启动客户端

    1.mongodb 命令列表

      Mongo查询语法与SQL语法对照表

    MySQL executable

    Oracle executable

    Mongo executable

    mysqld 

    oracle 

    mongod 

    mysql 

    sqlplus 

    mongo 

    mongodb查询语法与SQL语法对比

    SQL Statement 

    Mongo Query Language Statement 

    C++客户端调用语法

    using namespace bson;

    DBClientConnection c;

    c.connect("somehost");

    CREATE TABLE USERS (aNumber, b Number)

    db.createCollection("mycoll")

    INSERT INTO USERS VALUES(1,1)

    db.users.insert({a:1,b:1})

    // GENOID is optional. if not done by client, server will add an _id

    c.insert("mydb.users", BSON(GENOID<<"a"<<1<<"b"<<1));

    // then optionally:

    string err = c.getLastError();

    SELECT a,b FROM users

    db.users.find({}, {a:1,b:1})

    auto_ptr<DBClientCursor> cursor = c.query("mydb.users", Query(), 0, 0, BSON("a"<<1<<"b"<<1));

    SELECT * FROM users

    db.users.find()

    auto_ptr<DBClientCursor> cursor = c.query("mydb.users", Query());

    SELECT * FROM users WHERE age=33

    db.users.find({age:33})

    auto_ptr<DBClientCursor> cursor = c.query("mydb.users", QUERY("age"<<33))

    // or:

    auto_ptr<DBClientCursor> cursor = c.query("mydb.users", BSON("age"<<33))

    SELECT a,b FROM users WHERE age=33

    db.users.find({age:33}, {a:1,b:1})

    SELECT * FROM users WHERE age=33 ORDER BY name

    db.users.find({age:33}).sort({name:1})

    auto_ptr<DBClientCursor> cursor = c.query("mydb.users", QUERY("age"<<33).sort("name"));

    SELECT * FROM users WHERE age>33

    db.users.find({'age':{$gt:33}})})

    SELECT * FROM users WHERE age<33

    db.users.find({'age':{$lt:33}})})

    SELECT * FROM users WHERE name LIKE "%Joe%"

    db.users.find({name:/Joe/})

    SELECT * FROM users WHERE name LIKE "Joe%"

    db.users.find({name:/^Joe/})

    SELECT * FROM users WHERE age>33 AND age<=40

    db.users.find({'age':{$gt:33,$lte:40}})})

    auto_ptr<DBClientCursor> cursor = c.query("mydb.users", QUERY("age"<<GT<<33<<LTE<<40));

    SELECT * FROM users ORDER BY name DESC

    db.users.find().sort({name:-1})

    SELECT * FROM users WHERE a=1 and b='q'

    db.users.find({a:1,b:'q'})

    SELECT * FROM users LIMIT 10 SKIP 20

    db.users.find().limit(10).skip(20)

    auto_ptr<DBClientCursor> cursor = c.query("mydb.users", Query(), 10, 20);

    SELECT * FROM users WHERE a=1 or b=2

    db.users.find( { $or : [ { a : 1 } , { b : 2 } ] } )

    SELECT * FROM users LIMIT 1

    db.users.findOne()

    bo obj = c.findOne("mydb.users", Query());

    SELECT DISTINCT last_name FROM users

    db.users.distinct('last_name')

    // no helper for distinct in c++ driver, so send command manually

    bo cmdResult;

    bool ok = c.runCommand("mydb", BSON("distinct"<<"users"<<key<<"last_name"), cmdResult);

    list<bo> results;

    cmdResult["values"].Obj().Vals(results);

    SELECT COUNT(*y)

    FROM users

    db.users.count()

    SELECT COUNT(*y)

    FROM users where AGE > 30

    db.users.find({age: {'$gt': 30}}).count()

    unsigned long long n = c.count("mydb.users", QUERY("age:"<<GT<<30));

    SELECT COUNT(AGE) from users

    db.users.find({age: {'$exists':true}}).count()

    CREATE INDEX myindexname ON users(name)

    db.users.ensureIndex({name:1})

    c.ensureIndex("mydb.users", BSON("name"<<1));

    CREATE INDEX myindexname ON users(name,ts DESC)

    db.users.ensureIndex({name:1,ts:-1})

    EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM users WHERE z=3

    db.users.find({z:3}).explain()

    UPDATE users SET a=1 WHERE b='q'

    db.users.update({b:'q'}, {$set:{a:1}}, false,true)

    UPDATE users SET a=a+2 WHERE b='q'

    db.users.update({b:'q'}, {$inc:{a:2}}, false,true)

    c.update("mydb.users", QUERY("b"<<"q"), BSON("$inc"<<BSON("a"<<2)), false, true);

    // then optionally:

    string err = c.getLastError();

    bool ok = err.empty();

    DELETE FROM users WHERE z="abc"

    db.users.remove({z:'abc'});

    c.remove("mydb.users", QUERY("z"<<"abc"));

    // then optionally:

    string err = c.getLastError();

    命令帮助列表:

      使用mongo进入交互式客户端:

       > help

            db.help()                    help on db methods

            db.mycoll.help()             help on collection methods

            rs.help()                    help on replica set methods

            help admin                   administrative help

            help connect                 connecting to a db help

            help keys                    key shortcuts

            help misc                    misc things to know

            help mr                      mapreduce

            show dbs                     show database names

            show collections             show collections in current database

            show users                   show users in current database

            show profile                 show most recent system.profile entries with time >= 1ms

            use <db_name>                set current database

            db.foo.find()                list objects in collection foo

            db.foo.find( { a : 1 } )     list objects in foo where a == 1

            it                           result of the last line evaluated; use to further iterate

            DBQuery.shellBatchSize = x   set default number of items to display on shell

            exit                         quit the mongo shell

    > db.help()

    DB methods:

            db.addUser(username, password[, readOnly=false])

            db.auth(username, password)

            db.cloneDatabase(fromhost)

            db.commandHelp(name) returns the help for the command

            db.copyDatabase(fromdb, todb, fromhost)

            db.createCollection(name, { size : ..., capped : ..., max : ... } )

            db.currentOp() displays the current operation in the db

            db.dropDatabase()

            db.eval(func, args) run code server-side

            db.getCollection(cname) same as db['cname'] or db.cname

            db.getCollectionNames()

            db.getLastError() - just returns the err msg string

            db.getLastErrorObj() - return full status object

            db.getMongo() get the server connection object

            db.getMongo().setSlaveOk() allow this connection to read from the nonmaster member of a replica pair

            db.getName()

            db.getPrevError()

            db.getProfilingLevel() - deprecated

            db.getProfilingStatus() - returns if profiling is on and slow threshold 

            db.getReplicationInfo()

            db.getSiblingDB(name) get the db at the same server as this one

            db.isMaster() check replica primary status

            db.killOp(opid) kills the current operation in the db

            db.listCommands() lists all the db commands

            db.printCollectionStats()

            db.printReplicationInfo()

            db.printSlaveReplicationInfo()

            db.printShardingStatus()

            db.removeUser(username)

            db.repairDatabase()

            db.resetError()

            db.runCommand(cmdObj) run a database command.  if cmdObj is a string, turns it into { cmdObj : 1 }

            db.serverStatus()

            db.setProfilingLevel(level,<slowms>) 0=off 1=slow 2=all

            db.shutdownServer()

            db.stats()

            db.version() current version of the server

            db.getMongo().setSlaveOk() allow queries on a replication slave server

            db.fsyncLock() flush data to disk and lock server for backups

            db.fsyncUnock() unlocks server following a db.fsyncLock()

    > db.mycoll.help()

    DBCollection help

            db.mycoll.find().help() - show DBCursor help

            db.mycoll.count()

            db.mycoll.dataSize()

            db.mycoll.distinct( key ) - eg. db.mycoll.distinct( 'x' )

            db.mycoll.drop() drop the collection

            db.mycoll.dropIndex(name)

            db.mycoll.dropIndexes()

            db.mycoll.ensureIndex(keypattern[,options]) - options is an object with these possible fields: name, unique, dropDups

            db.mycoll.reIndex()

            db.mycoll.find([query],[fields]) - query is an optional query filter. fields is optional set of fields to return.

                                                          e.g. db.mycoll.find( {x:77} , {name:1, x:1} )

            db.mycoll.find(...).count()

            db.mycoll.find(...).limit(n)

            db.mycoll.find(...).skip(n)

            db.mycoll.find(...).sort(...)

            db.mycoll.findOne([query])

            db.mycoll.findAndModify( { update : ... , remove : bool [, query: {}, sort: {}, 'new': false] } )

            db.mycoll.getDB() get DB object associated with collection

            db.mycoll.getIndexes()

            db.mycoll.group( { key : ..., initial: ..., reduce : ...[, cond: ...] } )

            db.mycoll.mapReduce( mapFunction , reduceFunction , <optional params> )

            db.mycoll.remove(query)

            db.mycoll.renameCollection( newName , <dropTarget> ) renames the collection.

            db.mycoll.runCommand( name , <options> ) runs a db command with the given name where the first param is the collection name

            db.mycoll.save(obj)

            db.mycoll.stats()

            db.mycoll.storageSize() - includes free space allocated to this collection

            db.mycoll.totalIndexSize() - size in bytes of all the indexes

            db.mycoll.totalSize() - storage allocated for all data and indexes

            db.mycoll.update(query, object[, upsert_bool, multi_bool])

            db.mycoll.validate( <full> ) - SLOW

            db.mycoll.getShardVersion() - only for use with sharding

    > db.users.find()  #users是collection的名称

    { "_id" : ObjectId("4de71d5faf575684b391b8db"), "a" : 1, "b" : 1 }

    > show dbs

    admin   (empty)

    local   (empty)

    test    0.203125GB

    > show collections

    mycoll

    system.indexes

    testCollection

    users


     java端调用

     1到https://github.com/mongodb/mongo-java-driver/downloads 下载java客户端需要的jar,引入工程里面,

     2.

        package com.alibaba.asc.demoLearnCenter.mongo;

    Java代码 
    1. import java.net.UnknownHostException;  
    2. import java.util.Set;  
    3.   
    4. import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;  
    5. import com.mongodb.DB;  
    6. import com.mongodb.DBCollection;  
    7. import com.mongodb.DBCursor;  
    8. import com.mongodb.Mongo;  
    9. import com.mongodb.MongoException;  
    10.   
    11. public class MongoDemo1 {  
    12.   
    13.     public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, MongoException {  
    14.   
    15.         Mongo m = new Mongo("10.20.150.205"27017);  
    16.   
    17.         DB db = m.getDB("test");  
    18.           
    19.         Set<String> colls = db.getCollectionNames();  
    20.   
    21.         for (String s : colls) {  
    22.             System.out.println(s);  
    23.         }  
    24.           
    25.         DBCollection coll = db.getCollection("testCol");  
    26.           
    27.         BasicDBObject doc = new BasicDBObject();  
    28.   
    29.         doc.put("name""MongoDB");  
    30.         doc.put("type""database");  
    31.         doc.put("count"1);  
    32.   
    33.         BasicDBObject info = new BasicDBObject();  
    34.   
    35.         info.put("x"203);  
    36.         info.put("y"102);  
    37.   
    38.         doc.put("info", info);  
    39.   
    40.         coll.insert(doc);  
    41.           
    42.         System.out.println(coll.getCount());  
    43.   
    44.         DBCursor cur = coll.find();  
    45.   
    46.         while(cur.hasNext()) {  
    47.             System.out.println(cur.next());  
    48.         }  
    49.           
    50.         BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject();  
    51.   
    52.         query.put("type""database");  
    53.   
    54.         cur = coll.find(query);  
    55.   
    56.         while(cur.hasNext()) {  
    57.             System.out.println(cur.next());  
    58.         }  
    59.     }  
    60. }  

    输出:

    mycoll

    system.indexes

    testCollection

    users

    1

    { "_id" : { "$oid" : "4de72c04a1f3a9ef7fc0c750"} , "name" : "MongoDB" , "type" : "database" , "count" : 1 , "info" : { "x" : 203 , "y" : 102}}

    { "_id" : { "$oid" : "4de72c04a1f3a9ef7fc0c750"} , "name" : "MongoDB" , "type" : "database" , "count" : 1 , "info" : { "x" : 203 , "y" : 102}}


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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/secbook/p/2655184.html
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