• shared_ptr与weak_ptr


    最近学习C++11,看到了强大的shared_ptr,心想,为何有了shared_ptr,还需要weak_ptr,weak_ptr是做什么的呢?经过探索,看到原因是shared_ptr内部也是基于引用计数的,引用计数的问题在于循环引用时,由于无法将计数值降为0而可能无法析构,示例如下:

    View Code
    #include "stdafx.h"
    
    using namespace std;
    
    struct Linker
    {
        shared_ptr<Linker> link;
    };
    
    void DoWork()
    {
        shared_ptr<Linker> l1(new Linker());
        shared_ptr<Linker> l2(new Linker());
    
        l1->link = l2;
        l2->link = l1;
    }
    
    int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
    {
        DoWork();
        _CrtDumpMemoryLeaks();
        return 0;
    }

    输出窗口内容如下:

    View Code
    Detected memory leaks!
    Dumping objects ->
    {196} normal block at 0x0060DD30, 16 bytes long.
     Data: <              ` > A4 D9 06 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 E8 DC 60 00 
    {195} normal block at 0x0060DCE8, 8 bytes long.
     Data: <P `   ` > 50 DC 60 00 98 DC 60 00 
    {194} normal block at 0x0060DC98, 16 bytes long.
     Data: <            P ` > A4 D9 06 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 50 DC 60 00 
    {193} normal block at 0x0060DC50, 8 bytes long.
     Data: <  ` 0 ` > E8 DC 60 00 30 DD 60 00 
    Object dump complete.

    说明内存有泄露,解决办法很简单,只需要将Linker中的link成员类型从shared_ptr改成weak_ptr,作用是让该指针不引入计数:

    View Code
    #include "stdafx.h"
    
    using namespace std;
    
    struct Linker
    {
        weak_ptr<Linker> link;
    };
    
    void DoWork()
    {
        shared_ptr<Linker> l1(new Linker());
        shared_ptr<Linker> l2(new Linker());
    
        l1->link = l2;
        l2->link = l1;
    }
    
    int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
    {
        DoWork();
        _CrtDumpMemoryLeaks();
        return 0;
    }

    现在输出窗口平静了,什么也没有,说明没有内存泄漏!

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/sdflysha/p/3072279.html
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