c# 新中新二代身份证阅读，包含头像，支持华视

需要用到dll和文件：

其中3个dll文件是需要调用的dll，license.dat文件为解压图片的授权文件

以下是需要用到的dll里面的方法：

        /************************端口类API *************************/
        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_SetMaxRFByte", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_SetMaxRFByte(int iPort, byte ucByte, int iIfOpen);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_GetCOMBaud", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_GetCOMBaud(int iPort, ref uint puiBaudRate);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_SetCOMBaud", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_SetCOMBaud(int iPort, uint uiCurrBaud, uint uiSetBaud);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_OpenPort", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_OpenPort(int iPort);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_ClosePort", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_ClosePort(int iPort);

        /**************************SAM类函数 **************************/
        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_ResetSAM", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_ResetSAM(int iPort, int iIfOpen);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_GetSAMStatus", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_GetSAMStatus(int iPort, int iIfOpen);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_GetSAMID", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_GetSAMID(int iPort, ref byte pucSAMID, int iIfOpen);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_GetSAMIDToStr", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_GetSAMIDToStr(int iPort, ref byte pcSAMID, int iIfOpen);

        /*************************身份证卡类函数 ***************************/
        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_StartFindIDCard", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_StartFindIDCard(int iPort, ref byte pucIIN, int iIfOpen);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_SelectIDCard", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_SelectIDCard(int iPort, ref byte pucSN, int iIfOpen);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_ReadBaseMsg", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_ReadBaseMsg(int iPort, IntPtr pucCHMsg, ref uint puiCHMsgLen, IntPtr pucPHMsg,
            ref uint puiPHMsgLen, int iIfOpen);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_ReadIINSNDN", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_ReadIINSNDN(int iPort, ref byte pucIINSNDN, int iIfOpen);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_ReadBaseMsgToFile", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi,
            SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_ReadBaseMsgToFile(int iPort, ref byte pcCHMsgFileName, ref uint puiCHMsgFileLen,
            ref byte pcPHMsgFileName, ref uint puiPHMsgFileLen, int iIfOpen);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_ReadIINSNDNToASCII", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi,
            SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_ReadIINSNDNToASCII(int iPort, ref byte pucIINSNDN, int iIfOpen);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_ReadNewAppMsg", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_ReadNewAppMsg(int iPort, ref byte pucAppMsg, ref uint puiAppMsgLen, int iIfOpen);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_GetBmp", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_GetBmp(string Wlt_File, int iPort);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_ReadMsg", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_ReadMsg(int iPortID, int iIfOpen, ref IDCardData pIDCardData);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_FindReader", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_FindReader();

        /***********************设置附加功能函数 ************************/
        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_SetPhotoPath", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_SetPhotoPath(int iOption, ref byte cPhotoPath);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_SetPhotoType", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_SetPhotoType(int iType);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_SetPhotoName", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_SetPhotoName(int iType);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_SetSexType", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_SetSexType(int iType);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_SetNationType", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_SetNationType(int iType);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_SetBornType", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_SetBornType(int iType);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_SetUserLifeBType", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi,
            SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_SetUserLifeBType(int iType);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\SynIDCardAPI.dll", EntryPoint = "Syn_SetUserLifeEType", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi,
            SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int Syn_SetUserLifeEType(int iType, int iOption);

        [DllImport("idCardDll\WltRS.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall, SetLastError = true)]
        static extern int GetBmp(string pucPHMsg, int intf);

读取身份证信息分两个阶段，第一个阶段是获取基本信息，第二个阶段是获取图片信息

获取基本信息很简单，直接调用dll的方法就可以完成，部分代码如下：

            int status = 1;//默认为找不到身份证
            try
            {
                //先查找读卡器
                int i, nRet;
                i = Syn_FindReader();
                //只支持usb
                if (i > 1000)
                {
                    var nPort = i;
                    if (Syn_OpenPort(nPort) == 0)
                    {
                        Thread.Sleep(5);
                        if (Syn_SetMaxRFByte(nPort, 80, 0) == 0)
                        {
                            Thread.Sleep(5);
                            byte[] pucIIN = new byte[4];
                            byte[] pucSN = new byte[8];
                            IDCardData cardMsg = new IDCardData();
                            nRet = Syn_StartFindIDCard(nPort, ref pucIIN[0], 0); //找卡
                            nRet = Syn_SelectIDCard(nPort, ref pucSN[0], 0); //选卡
                            string cardStr = new string(' ', 256); //身份证基本信息返回长度为256
                            string imgMsg = new string(' ', 1024); //身份证图片信息返回长度为1024
                            IntPtr msg = Marshal.StringToHGlobalAnsi(cardStr); //身份证基本信息
                            IntPtr img = Marshal.StringToHGlobalAnsi(imgMsg); //身份证图片
                            uint mLen = 0;
                            uint iLen = 0;
                            nRet = Syn_ReadBaseMsg(nPort, msg, ref mLen, img, ref iLen, 0);
                            if (nRet == 0)
                            {
                                Syn_ClosePort(nPort);
                                string card = Marshal.PtrToStringUni(msg);
                                char[] cartb = card.ToCharArray();
                                cardMsg.Name = (new string(cartb, 0, 15)).Trim();
                                cardMsg.Sex = new string(cartb, 15, 1);
                                cardMsg.Nation = new string(cartb, 16, 2);
                                cardMsg.Born = new string(cartb, 18, 8);
                                cardMsg.Address = (new string(cartb, 26, 35)).Trim();
                                cardMsg.IDCardNo = new string(cartb, 61, 18);
                                cardMsg.GrantDept = (new string(cartb, 79, 15)).Trim();
                                cardMsg.UserLifeBegin = new string(cartb, 94, 8);
                                cardMsg.UserLifeEnd = new string(cartb, 102, 8);

获取图片方法有点麻烦，首先通过Syn_ReadBaseMsg方法返回的图片指针和长度获取的字节信息：

byte[] data=new byte[iLen];
Marshal.Copy(img,data,0,data.Length);

将这个获取到的字节信息保存为文件，注意，这里的文件不是图片文件，而是一个wlt类型文件，如果需要获取图片，那么还需要通过GetBmp方法做转换

        private static string GetImageBase64Str(byte[] data, string idCardNo)
        {
            if (!CheckLicense()) return string.Empty;//license.dat文件失败，那么就不能去获取文件
            var wltFileName = Path.Combine(_imageDirPath,
                string.Format("{0}.wlt", idCardNo));
            if (File.Exists(wltFileName))
            {
                File.Delete(wltFileName);
            }
            using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(wltFileName, FileMode.Create))
            {
                fs.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
                fs.Close();
            }
            var nRet = GetBmp(wltFileName, 2);
            if (nRet == 1)
            {
              //  Thread.Sleep(200);
                string bmpFileName = Path.Combine(_imageDirPath,
                    string.Format("{0}.bmp", idCardNo));
                if (File.Exists(bmpFileName))
                {
                    var str = GetFileBase64Str(bmpFileName);
                   // File.Delete(bmpFileName);
                    return str;
                }
            }
            return string.Empty;
        }

代码中将图片信息转换为了base64字符串。

注意：

　　1.由于GetBmp调用了sdtapi.dll中的方法，所以在之前要先要关闭读取的端口，不然会报错。（这是网上用户提醒的，我没有测试过不关闭的情况）

　　2.GetBmp方法会在wlt文件的当前目录下生成一个同名的bmp文件，这个文件就是身份证图片文件

　　3.获取图片方法需要厂家的授权文件，我用的dll和授权文件都是新中新的，其中授权文件为license.dat，这个文件必须存放在C盘根目录下，并且不能改名，不然读取会出错

        //检测授权文件
        private static bool CheckLicense()
        {
            var licenceFile = @"c:license.dat";
            var localFile = @"idCardDlllicense.dat";
            try
            {
                if (!File.Exists(licenceFile))
                {
                    //不存在，拷贝文件过去
                    File.Copy(localFile,licenceFile,true);
                    return true;
                }
                //文件存在，需要判断数据是否一致
                string local = string.Empty;
                string license = string.Empty;
                using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(localFile, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
                {
                    using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(fs))
                    {
                        local = sr.ReadToEnd();
                    }
                }
                using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(licenceFile, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
                {
                    using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(fs))
                    {
                        license = sr.ReadToEnd();
                    }
                }
                if (local == license)
                {
                    return true;
                }
                else
                {
                    File.Copy(localFile, licenceFile, true);
                    return true;
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                //"判断license失败，不能去获取图片";
                return false;
            }

        }

在转换图片之前先判断授权文件，成功在执行转换操作。

最终结果是将信息存储IDCardData结构体中，图片信息转换为base64str。

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, Pack = 1)]
    public struct IDCardData
    {
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 32)]
        public string Name; //姓名   
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 6)]
        public string Sex; //性别
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 20)]
        public string Nation; //名族
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 18)]
        public string Born; //出生日期
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 72)]
        public string Address; //住址
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 38)]
        public string IDCardNo; //身份证号
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 32)]
        public string GrantDept; //发证机关

        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 18)]
        public string UserLifeBegin; // 有效开始日期

        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 18)]
        public string UserLifeEnd; // 有效截止日期

        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 38)]
        public string reserved; // 保留
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 255)]
        public string PhotoBase64Str; // 照片路径
    }

WltRS.dll一定要新一点的，我以前用的是2007年的，在转换头像的时候总是报错，找了一个新的，是2012年的，就好了。

以下是我写的一个demo，可以直接调用获取，包含了32位和64的驱动

https://gitee.com/sczmzx/IdCardReaderHelper/tree/master/IdCardReaderHelper