1.安装部署及简单监控

1，安装部署

1，环境准备。

IP地址	角色
192.168.75.11	Prometheus Server
192.168.75.10	node_exporter

版本：

• 测试通过系统：CentOS Linux release 7.7.1908 (Core)
• Prometheus：prometheus-2.19.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
• Alertmanager：alertmanager-0.20.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
• node_exporter：node_exporter-1.0.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

软件包下载地址：https://prometheus.io/download/

2，部署Prometheus Server

1，下载安装包

cd /usr/local/src/
wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.19.0/prometheus-2.19.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/releases/download/v0.20.0/alertmanager-0.20.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v1.0.0/node_exporter-1.0.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

2，安装 Prometheus

创建prometheus用户

groupadd prometheus
useradd -g prometheus -m -d /var/lib/prometheus -s /sbin/nologin prometheus

解压安装包

tar -zxv -f prometheus-2.19.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
cd /usr/local/
mv prometheus-2.19.0.linux-amd64/ prometheus

创建启动脚本：

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service 

[Unit]
Description=prometheus
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=prometheus
ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml --storage.tsdb.path=/var/lib/prometheus --storage.tsdb.retention.time=15d --log.level=info
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

3，安装 node_exporter

在 Prometheus 节点和另一台节点上分别安装 node_exporter。

注意：node_exporter 的运行用户也是 prometheus 用户需要在每台节点上都创建该用户。

groupadd prometheus
useradd -g prometheus -m -d /var/lib/prometheus -s /sbin/nologin prometheus

tar -zxv -f node_exporter-1.0.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
cd /usr/local/
mv node_exporter-1.0.0.linux-amd64/ node_exporter
chown -R prometheus.prometheus node_exporter/

创建 node_exporter 启动脚本:

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service

[Unit]
Description=node_export
Documentation=https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter
After=network.target
 
[Service]
Type=simple
User=prometheus
ExecStart=/usr/local/node_exporter/node_exporter
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动 node_exporter 服务:

systemctl enable node_exporter.service
systemctl start node_exporter.service
systemctl status node_exporter.service
ss -tulnp | grep 9100

2，配置 Prometheus 添加监控目标

cd /usr/local/prometheus
vim prometheus.yml 
scrape_configs:
  # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
  - job_name: '192.168.75.11'
 
    # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'
    # scheme defaults to 'http'.
 
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['localhost:9090','localhost:9100'] # 对本机node_exporter 监控
 
# 新添加的对其它node节点抓取数据
  - job_name: '192.168.75.10'
    #重写了全局抓取间隔时间，由15秒重写成5秒。
    scrape_interval: 5s
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['192.168.75.10:9100']

启动 Prometheus 服务：

chown -R prometheus.prometheus prometheus/
systemctl enable prometheus.service
systemctl start prometheus.service
systemctl status prometheus.service 

注意：要留意启动之前的目录权限更改，否则可能会在启动的时候报错Feb 11 16:08:41 localhost alertmanager: level=error ts=2019-02-11T08:08:41.419390133Z caller=main.go:179 msg="Unable to create data directory" err="mkdir data/: permission denied"。

3，访问

访问 Prometheus WEB 查看我们定义的目标主机：http://192.168.75.11:9090/targets