Python 实例: 备份文件

都说生命苦短,我用python, 所以这两天我也开始学python了.

昨天搞了下语法,今天搞出来个实例,备份文件.尽管编码相当烂,但是测试了一下,还真能用.

它读取一个任务文件, 根据指定的任务参数自动备份.

任务文件的格式: (注意,分号后面注释是不支持的)

[task]  ; 一项任务开始
dir=h:/Project  ; 指定备份的目录
recusive=1      ; 是否递归子目录
suffix=h|cpp|hpp|c|user|filters|vcxproj|sln|css|gif|html|bmp|png|lib|dsw|dsp|htm|html|ico|ini|jpg|rc|vssscc ; 指定备份的扩展名
exclude=0   ; 指定是备份上面的参数指定的扩展名还是排除指定的扩展名
zip=Project.zip ; 备份后的文件路径名

这是python代码:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import sys
import os
import zipfile
class Task:
    #dir str directory
    #bsub BOOL include subdirectory
    #sfx str postsuffix ,sepeated by '|'
    #ecld BOOL include or execlude the postsuffix sfx
    def __init__(self,dir,bsub,sfx,ecld,zip):
        self.dir = dir
        self.bsub = bsub
        self.suffix = sfx.split("|")
        self.exclude = ecld
        self.zip = zip

    @staticmethod
    def isfilter(sfx,sfxs,bexcld):
        bFound = False
        for e in sfxs:
            if e == sfx:
                bFound = True
                break
        if bexcld:
            return not bFound;
        else:
            return bFound;


class QBackup:
    '''''备份指定目录下具备指定扩展名的文件'''
    def __init__(self):
        self._list = []

    def __del__(self):
        pass

    #tfile 任务文件
    def ReadTask(self,tfile):
        dir = ""
        bsub = False
        sfx = ""
        becld = False
        zip = ""
        try:
            f = open(tfile,'r')
            while True:
                line = f.readline()
                if len(line) == 0:
                    break;
                line = line.strip(" ")
                if "[Task]/n".lower() == line.lower():
                    # 读取接下来的4行
                    iline = 1
                    while iline <= 5:
                        line = f.readline()
                        line = line.strip(" /t/n")  # 去除前后的空白符
                        idx = line.find("=")
                        if -1 == idx:
                            break;
                        atti = line[0:idx]
                        value = line[idx+1:]
                        print(value)
                        if "dir" == atti:
                            dir = value
                        elif "recusive" == atti:
                            bsub = bool(int(value))
                        elif "suffix" == atti:
                            sufix = value
                        elif "exclude" == atti:
                            becld = bool(int(value))
                        elif "zip" == atti:
                            zip = value
                        else:
                            break
                        iline += 1
                    else:
                        t = Task(dir,bsub,sufix,becld,zip)
                        self._list.append(t)
        except:
            return False
        return True


    def DoBackup(self):
        for e in self._list:
            try:
                zip = zipfile.ZipFile(e.zip,'w',zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
                self.ZipDir(zip,e.dir,e.bsub,e.suffix,e.exclude)
                zip.close()
            except:
                print("exception raised!")
                return False
        return True


    def ZipDir(self,zip,dir,bsub,sfxs,ecld):
        subdir = ""
        path = ""
        if os.path.isdir(dir):
            paths = os.listdir(dir)
            #备份本目录
            print("ZipDir: ",dir)
            for e in paths:
                path = dir + "/" + e
                ext = os.path.splitext(e)[1][1:]
                if os.path.isfile(path) and Task.isfilter(ext,sfxs,ecld):
                    print ("ZipFile: ",path)
                    zip.write(path)
            #清理子目录
            if bsub:
                for e in paths:
                    subdir = dir + "/" + e
                    self.ZipDir(zip,subdir,bsub,sfxs,ecld)

    def PrintTask(self):
        for e in self._list:
            print (e.dir,e.bsub,e.suffix,e.exclude,e.zip)


if '__main__' == __name__:
    c = QBackup()
    c.ReadTask("bkup.txt")
    c.DoBackup()

用python写小应用的确很爽啊!C++就太笨重了!