大数据量分页存储过程效率测试附代码

在项目中，我们经常遇到或用到分页，那么在大数据量（百万级以上）下，哪种分页算法效率最优呢？我们不妨用事实说话。

测试环境

硬件：CPU 酷睿双核T5750  内存：2G
软件:Windows server 2003    +   Sql server 2005

OK,我们首先创建一数据库：data_Test,并在此数据库中创建一表：tb_TestTable

create database data_Test  --创建数据库data_Test
GO
use data_Test
GO
create table tb_TestTable   --创建表
(
id int identity(1,1) primary key,
userName nvarchar(20) not null,
userPWD nvarchar(20) not null,
userEmail nvarchar(40) null
)
GO

然后我们在数据表中插入2000000条数据:

 

--插入数据
set identity_insert tb_TestTable on
declare @count int
set @count=1
while @count<=2000000
begin
insert into tb_TestTable(id,userName,userPWD,userEmail) values
(@count,'admin','admin888','lli0077@yahoo.com.cn')
set @count=@count+1
end
set identity_insert tb_TestTable off

我首先写了五个常用存储过程：

1，利用select top 和select not in进行分页，具体代码如下：

 

create procedure proc_paged_with_notin  --利用select top and select not in
(
@pageIndex int,  --页索引
    @pageSize int    --每页记录数
)
as
begin
set nocount on;
declare @timediff datetime --耗时
    declare @sql nvarchar(500)
select @timediff=Getdate()
set @sql='select top '+str(@pageSize)+' * from tb_TestTable where(ID not in(select top '

+str(@pageSize*@pageIndex)+' id from tb_TestTable order by ID ASC)) order by ID'
execute(@sql)  --因select top后不支技直接接参数，所以写成了字符串@sql
    select datediff(ms,@timediff,GetDate()) as 耗时
set nocount off;
end

2,利用select top 和 select max(列键)

 

create procedure proc_paged_with_selectMax  --利用select top and select max(列)
(
@pageIndex int,  --页索引
    @pageSize int    --页记录数
)
as
begin
set nocount on;
declare @timediff datetime
declare @sql nvarchar(500)
select @timediff=Getdate()
set @sql='select top '+str(@pageSize)

+' * From tb_TestTable where(ID>(select max(id) From (select top '

+str(@pageSize*@pageIndex)+' id From tb_TestTable order by ID) as TempTable)) order by ID'
execute(@sql)
select datediff(ms,@timediff,GetDate()) as 耗时
set nocount off;
end

3,利用select top和中间变量--此方法因网上有人说效果最佳，所以贴出来一同测试

create procedure proc_paged_with_Midvar  --利用ID>最大ID值和中间变量
(
@pageIndex int,
@pageSize int
)
as
declare @count int
declare @ID int
declare @timediff datetime
declare @sql nvarchar(500)
begin
set nocount on;
select @count=0,@ID=0,@timediff=getdate()
select @count=@count+1,@ID=case when @count<=@pageSize*@pageIndex then ID 

else @ID end from tb_testTable order by id
set @sql='select top '+str(@pageSize)+' * from tb_testTable where ID>'+str(@ID)
execute(@sql)
select datediff(ms,@timediff,getdate()) as 耗时
set nocount off;
end

4,利用Row_number() 此方法为SQL server 2005中新的方法,利用Row_number()给数据行加上索引

create procedure proc_paged_with_Rownumber  --利用SQL 2005中的Row_number()
(
@pageIndex int,
@pageSize int
)
as
declare @timediff datetime
begin
set nocount on;
select @timediff=getdate()
select * from (select *,Row_number() over(order by ID asc) as IDRank from tb_testTable) 

as IDWithRowNumber where IDRank>@pageSize*@pageIndex and IDRank<@pageSize*(@pageIndex+1)
select datediff(ms,@timediff,getdate()) as 耗时
set nocount off;
end

5，利用临时表及Row_number

create procedure proc_CTE  --利用临时表及Row_number
(
@pageIndex int,  --页索引
    @pageSize int    --页记录数
)
as
set nocount on;
declare @ctestr nvarchar(400)
declare @strSql nvarchar(400)
declare @datediff datetime
begin
select @datediff=GetDate()
set @ctestr='with Table_CTE as
(select ceiling((Row_number() over(order by ID ASC))/'+str(@pageSize)+') 

as page_num,* from tb_TestTable)';
set @strSql=@ctestr+' select * From Table_CTE where page_num='+str(@pageIndex)
end
begin
execute sp_executesql @strSql
select datediff(ms,@datediff,GetDate())
set nocount off;
end

OK,至此，存储过程创建完毕，我们分别在每页10条数据的情况下在第2页，第1000页，第10000页，第100000页，第199999页进行测试，耗时单位：ms  每页测试5次取其平均值

存过	第2页耗时	第1000页	第10000页	第100000页	第199999页	效率排行
1用not in	0ms	16ms	47ms	475ms	953ms	3
2用select max	5ms	16ms	35ms	325ms	623ms	1
3中间变量	966ms	970ms	960ms	945ms	933ms	5
4row_number	0ms	0ms	34ms	365ms	710ms	2
5临时表	780ms	796ms	798ms	780ms	805ms	4

测试结果显示：

输出窗口

复制  保存

select max >row_number>not in>临时表>中间变量

于是我对效率最高的select max方法用2分法进行了扩展，代码取自互联网，我修改了ASC排序时取不到值的BUG，测试结果:

存过	第2页耗时	第1000页	第10000页	第100000页	第199999页	效率排行
2分法	156ms	156ms	180ms	470ms	156ms	1*

从测试结果来看，使用2分法确实可以提高效率并使效率更为稳定，我又增加了第159999页的测试，用时仅296ms，效果相当的不错！

下面是2分法使用select max的代码，已相当完善。

--/*-----存储过程 分页处理 孙伟 2005-03-28创建 -------*/
--/*-----存储过程 分页处理 浪尘 2008-9-1修改----------*/
--/*----- 对数据进行了2分处理使查询前半部分数据与查询后半部分数据性能相同 -------*/

alter PROCEDURE proc_paged_2part_selectMax
(
@tblName     nvarchar(200),        ----要显示的表或多个表的连接
@fldName     nvarchar(500) = '*',    ----要显示的字段列表
@pageSize    int = 10,        ----每页显示的记录个数
@page        int = 1,        ----要显示那一页的记录
@fldSort    nvarchar(200) = null,    ----排序字段列表或条件
@Sort        bit = 0,        ----排序方法，0为升序，1为降序(如果是多字段排列Sort指代最后一个

排序字段的排列顺序(最后一个排序字段不加排序标记)--程序传参如：' SortA Asc,SortB Desc,SortC ')
@strCondition    nvarchar(1000) = null,    ----查询条件,不需where
@ID        nvarchar(150),        ----主表的主键
@Dist                 bit = 0,           ----是否添加查询字段的 DISTINCT 默认0不添加/1添加
@pageCount    int = 1 output,            ----查询结果分页后的总页数
@Counts    int = 1 output                ----查询到的记录数
)
AS
SET NOCOUNT ON
Declare @sqlTmp nvarchar(1000)        ----存放动态生成的SQL语句
Declare @strTmp nvarchar(1000)        ----存放取得查询结果总数的查询语句
Declare @strID     nvarchar(1000)        ----存放取得查询开头或结尾ID的查询语句

Declare @strSortType nvarchar(10)    ----数据排序规则A
Declare @strFSortType nvarchar(10)    ----数据排序规则B

Declare @SqlSelect nvarchar(50)         ----对含有DISTINCT的查询进行SQL构造
Declare @SqlCounts nvarchar(50)          ----对含有DISTINCT的总数查询进行SQL构造

declare @timediff datetime  --耗时测试时间差
select @timediff=getdate()
if @Dist  = 0
begin
set @SqlSelect = 'select '
set @SqlCounts = 'Count(*)'
end
else
begin
set @SqlSelect = 'select distinct '
set @SqlCounts = 'Count(DISTINCT '+@ID+')'
end
if @Sort=0
begin
set @strFSortType=' ASC '
set @strSortType=' DESC '
end
else
begin
set @strFSortType=' DESC '
set @strSortType=' ASC '
end
--------生成查询语句--------
--此处@strTmp为取得查询结果数量的语句
if @strCondition is null or @strCondition=''     --没有设置显示条件
begin
set @sqlTmp =  @fldName + ' From ' + @tblName
set @strTmp = @SqlSelect+' @Counts='+@SqlCounts+' FROM '+@tblName
set @strID = ' From ' + @tblName
end
else
begin
set @sqlTmp = + @fldName + 'From ' + @tblName + ' where (1>0) ' + @strCondition
set @strTmp = @SqlSelect+' @Counts='+@SqlCounts+' FROM '+@tblName + ' where (1>0) ' 

+ @strCondition
set @strID = ' From ' + @tblName + ' where (1>0) ' + @strCondition
end
----取得查询结果总数量-----
exec sp_executesql @strTmp,N'@Counts int out ',@Counts out
declare @tmpCounts int
if @Counts = 0
set @tmpCounts = 1
else
set @tmpCounts = @Counts
--取得分页总数
    set @pageCount=(@tmpCounts+@pageSize-1)/@pageSize
/**当前页大于总页数 取最后一页**/
if @page>@pageCount
set @page=@pageCount
--/*-----数据分页2分处理-------*/
    declare @pageIndex int --总数/页大小
    declare @lastcount int --总数%页大小

set @pageIndex = @tmpCounts/@pageSize
set @lastcount = @tmpCounts%@pageSize
if @lastcount > 0
set @pageIndex = @pageIndex + 1
else
set @lastcount = @pagesize
--//***显示分页
    if @strCondition is null or @strCondition=''     --没有设置显示条件
    begin
if @pageIndex<2 or @page<=@pageIndex / 2 + @pageIndex % 2   --前半部分数据处理
            begin
if @page=1
set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType
else
begin
if @Sort=1
begin
set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
+' where '+@ID+' <(select min('+ @ID +') from ('+ @SqlSelect+' top '

+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-1) as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName
+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType+') AS TBMinID)'
+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType
end
else
begin
set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
+' where '+@ID+' >(select max('+ @ID +') from ('+ @SqlSelect+' top '

+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-1) as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName
+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType+') AS TBMinID)'
+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType
end
end
end
else
begin
set @page = @pageIndex-@page+1 --后半部分数据处理
                if @page <= 1 --最后一页数据显示
                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' * from ('+@SqlSelect+' top '

+ CAST(@lastcount as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TempTB'+' order by '

+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType
else
if @Sort=1
begin
set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' * from ('+@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '

+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
+' where '+@ID+' >(select max('+ @ID +') from('+ @SqlSelect+' top '

+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-2)+@lastcount as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName
+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TBMaxID)'
+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TempTB'+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '

+ @strFSortType
end
else
begin
set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' * from ('+@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))

+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
+' where '+@ID+' <(select min('+ @ID +') from('+ @SqlSelect+' top '

+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-2)+@lastcount as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName
+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TBMaxID)'
+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TempTB'+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '

+ @strFSortType
end
end
end
else --有查询条件
    begin
if @pageIndex<2 or @page<=@pageIndex / 2 + @pageIndex % 2   --前半部分数据处理
        begin
if @page=1
set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
+' where 1=1 ' + @strCondition + ' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType
else if(@Sort=1)
begin
set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
+' where '+@ID+' <(select min('+ @ID +') from ('+ @SqlSelect+' top '

+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-1) as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName
+' where (1=1) ' + @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType+') AS TBMinID)'
+' '+ @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType
end
else
begin
set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
+' where '+@ID+' >(select max('+ @ID +') from ('+ @SqlSelect+' top '

+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-1) as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName
+' where (1=1) ' + @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType+') AS TBMinID)'
+' '+ @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType
end
end
else
begin
set @page = @pageIndex-@page+1 --后半部分数据处理
            if @page <= 1 --最后一页数据显示
                    set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' * from ('+@SqlSelect+' top '

+ CAST(@lastcount as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
+' where (1=1) '+ @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TempTB'

+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType
else if(@Sort=1)
set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' * from ('+@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '

+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
+' where '+@ID+' >(select max('+ @ID +') from('+ @SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-2)

+@lastcount as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName
+' where (1=1) '+ @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TBMaxID)'
+' '+ @strCondition+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TempTB'+' order by '

+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType
else
set @strTmp=@SqlSelect+' * from ('+@SqlSelect+' top '+ CAST(@pageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '

+ @fldName+' from '+@tblName
+' where '+@ID+' <(select min('+ @ID +') from('+ @SqlSelect+' top '

+ CAST(@pageSize*(@page-2)+@lastcount as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @ID +' from '+@tblName
+' where (1=1) '+ @strCondition +' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TBMaxID)'
+' '+ @strCondition+' order by '+ @fldSort +' '+ @strSortType+') AS TempTB'+' order by '

+ @fldSort +' '+ @strFSortType
end
end
------返回查询结果-----
exec sp_executesql @strTmp
select datediff(ms,@timediff,getdate()) as 耗时
--print @strTmp
SET NOCOUNT OFF
GO

执行示例： 

exec proc_paged_2part_selectMax 'tb_testTable',

'ID,userName,userPWD,userEmail',10,100000,'ID',0,null,'ID',0