LAMP 环境搭建

熟悉开发环境，可以更好地完成开发工作。

本篇选用最新版本 Apache 2.4 + PHP 7.3 + PostgreSQL 11.2

服务器是 CentOS 7.6，全部编译安装

一、安装 Apache

1、安装包 - http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.4.38.tar.gz

2、安装

--------- 安装 pcre ----------

# cd /usr/local/src/

# wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/pcre/8.39/pcre-8.39.tar.gz

# tar -axvf pcre-8.39.tar.gz

# cd pcre-8.39

# ./configure

# make

# make install



--------- 安装 apr ----------

# cd /usr/local/src/

# wget http://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/apache/apr/apr-1.6.5.tar.gz

# tar -zxvf apr-1.6.5.tar.gz

# cd apr-1.6.5

# ./configure

# make

# make install



--------- 安装 apr-util ----------

# cd /usr/local/src/

# wget http://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz

# tar -zxvf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz

# cd apr-util-1.6.1

# ./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr

# make

# make install



--------- 安装 Apache ----------

# cd /usr/local/src/

# wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.4.38.tar.gz

# tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.38.tar.gz

# cd httpd-2.4.38

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --with-layout=Apache --enable-rewrite --enable-so --enable-expires --enable-proxy --enable-headers --enable-info  --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre

# make

# make install


--------- 设置开机自启动 ----------

systemctl 脚本存放在 /usr/lib/systemd/ 目录中，

Apache 设置为开机不登录即可启动，


# cp /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd

# ls /etc/init.d/ | grep httpd

# vim /etc/init.d/httpd
    在第一行 #!/bin/sh 下面添加两行，三个数字代表运行、启动、停止的级别
    #chkconfig: 345 85 15
    #description: Start and stop the Apache HTTP Server
    
# chkconfig --add /etc/init.d/httpd

# service httpd start

3、遇到的问题

Q1：configure: error: You need a C++ compiler for C++ support.
A1：yum -y install gcc-c++

Q2：xml/apr_xml.c:35:19: fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory
A2：yum install expat-devel

Q3：collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
    make[2]: *** [htpasswd] Error 1
    make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.38/support'
    make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
    make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.38/support'
    make: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
A3：# cp -r apr-1.6.5 httpd-2.4.38/srclib/apr
    # cp -r apr-util-1.6.1 /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.38/srclib/apr-util

Q4：AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.26.160.216. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
A4：将 conf 的 #ServerName localhost:80 注释去掉即可。

二、安装 pgsql

1、安装包 - https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v11.2/postgresql-11.2.tar.gz

2、创建用户

# useradd postgres

# id postgres

# passwd postgres

3、安装

# cd /usr/local/src/

# wget https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v11.2/postgresql-11.2.tar.gz

# tar -zxvf postgresql-11.2.tar.gz

# chown -R postgres:postgres postgresql-11.2

# su postgres

$ cd postgresql-11.2

$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/postgresql-11.2

$ make

$ su root

# make install

# ln -s /usr/local/postgresql-11.2 /usr/local/pgsql


---------- 设置环境变量 --------------
# su -  postgres

$ cd ~

$ vim .bash_profile
    添加下面三行，路径改为自己的
    export PGHOME=/usr/local/pgsql
    export PGDATA=/usr/local/pgsql/data
    export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$PGHOME/bin

$ source .bash_profile


----------- 初始化数据库 ------------------
$ initdb


---------- 启动 psql 服务 ------------
$ pg_ctl -D /usr/local/pgsql/data -l logfile start


----------- 设置开机自启动 ----------
# cd /usr/local/src/postgresql-11.2/contrib/start-scripts

# chmod a+x linux

# cp linux /etc/init.d/postgresql

# chkconfig --add pgsql

# service pgsql start


------------- 连接测试 --------------------
$ psql

 4、遇到的问题

Q1：configure: error: readline library not found
A1：$ rpm -qa | grep readline
    $ yum -y install -y readline-devel

Q2：configure: error: zlib library not found
A2：yum install zlib-devel

Q3：bash: initdb: command not found
A3：initdb 的路径不对。应该写全路径或设置环境变量

Q4：-bash: psql: command not found
A4：确保 pgsql/bin/ 在环境变量中

三、安装 PHP

1、安装包 - https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.3.4.tar.gz

2、安装

# cd /usr/local/src/

# wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.3.4.tar.gz

# tar -zxvf php-7.3.4.tar.gz

# cd php-7.3.4

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-pgsql=/usr/local/postgresql-11.2/bin --enable-sigchild --enable-mbstring --enable-mbregex --enable-bcmath --enable-sockets --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib --with-png-dir=/usr/lib --with-zlib-dir --with-cdb --with-openssl --with-curl=/usr/lib/curl-7.62.0 --with-iconv

# make

# make install


--------------- 配置环境变量 ---------------------
# vim ~/.bashrc
添加下面三行
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
alias php=/usr/local/php/bin/php

# source ~/.bashrc

------------------ 配置文件 --------------------
# cd /usr/local/php

# cp /usr/local/src/php-7.3.4/php.ini-development ./lib/php.ini


----------------- httpd.conf 配置 ------------------
mime_module 中追加下面两行
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

# service httpd stop

# service httpd start

3、遇到的问题

Q1：configure: error: libxml2 not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.
A1：yum install libxml2-devel

Q2：configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL's <evp.h>
A2：yum install openssl openssl-devel

Q3：configure: error: cURL version 7.15.5 or later is required to compile php with cURL support
A3：# cd /usr/local/src
    wget https://curl.haxx.se/download/curl-7.62.0.tar.gz
    # tar -zxvf curl-7.62.0.tar.gz
    # cd curl-7.62.0
    # ./configure --prefix=/usr/lib/curl-7.62.0
    # make
    # make install

Q4：configure: error: jpeglib.h not found.
A4：yum install libjpeg libjpeg-devel

Q5：configure: error: png.h not found.
A5：yum install libpng libpng-devel

Q6：Cannot find autoconf. Please check your autoconf installation and the
$PHP_AUTOCONF environment variable. Then, rerun this script.
A6：yum install autoconf

四、配置域名，测试

。。