通过zabbix自带api进行批量添加主机
我们需要监控一台服务器的时候，当客户端装好zabbix-agent端并正确配置以后，需要在zabbix-server的web gui界面进行添加zabbix-agent操作，填写host_name，访问名，ip地址,端口还有模板等信息
这样操作比较方便，但当我们需要添加的主机有上百台甚至千台时效率就比较低了，一般有如下解决方案：
1.通过自动发现，自动注册主机
2.通过zabbix_api的方式进行批量操作
今天我们使用第二种方式进行操作，定制性较强，不容易出错
主要是通过读取excel主机列表信息，发送post请求操作zabbix的api进行主机自动添加
环境：
zabbix版本: zabbix3.0.4
python版本：python2.7
api参考文档
# https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/3.0/manual/api
host列表信息如下
批量添加主机的zabbix_api代码：
#coding:utf-8 import json import urllib2 from urllib2 import URLError import sys import xlrd # 测试ok class ZabbixTools: def __init__(self): #self.url = 'http://10.11.0.215/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php'] # 一般不需要带/zabbix这个路径，否则可能无法找到api self.url = 'http://10.11.0.215/api_jsonrpc.php' self.header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"} # 登陆验证 def user_login(self): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "user.login", "params": { "user": 'admin', "password": 'zabbix' }, "id": 0 }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Auth Failed, please Check your name and password:", e.code else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() self.authID = response['result'] return self.authID # 获取主机 def host_get(self,hostName): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"host.get", "params":{ "output":["hostid","name"], "filter":{"host":hostName} }, "auth":self.user_login(), "id":1, }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: if hasattr(e, 'reason'): print 'We failed to reach a server.' print 'Reason: ', e.reason elif hasattr(e, 'code'): print 'The server could not fulfill the request.' print 'Error code: ', e.code else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() print "Number Of %s: " % hostName, len(response['result']) lens=len(response['result']) if lens > 0: return response['result'][0]['name'] else: return "" # 获取主机组 def hostgroup_get(self, hostgroupName): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"hostgroup.get", "params":{ "output": "extend", "filter": { "name": [ hostgroupName, ] } }, "auth":self.user_login(), "id":1, }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() lens=len(response['result']) if lens > 0: self.hostgroupID = response['result'][0]['groupid'] return response['result'][0]['groupid'] else: print "no GroupGet result" return "" # 获取模板 def template_get(self, templateName): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method": "template.get", "params": { "output": "extend", "filter": { "host": [ templateName, ] } }, "auth":self.user_login(), "id":1, }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() self.templateID = response['result'][0]['templateid'] return response['result'][0]['templateid'] # 创建host #def host_create(self, hostName,visibleName,hostIp,dnsName,proxyName, hostgroupName, templateName1, templateName2): def host_create(self, hostName,visibleName,hostIp, hostgroupName, templateName1): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"host.create", "params":{ "host": hostName, "name": visibleName, #"proxy_hostid": self.proxy_get(proxyName), "interfaces": [ { "type": 1, "main": 1, "useip": 1, "ip": hostIp, "dns": "", "port": "10050" } ], "groups": [ { "groupid": self.hostgroup_get(hostgroupName) } ], "templates": [ { "templateid": self.template_get(templateName1) } ], }, "auth": self.user_login(), "id":1 }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() print "host : %s is created! id is %s " % (hostip, response['result']['hostids'][0]) self.hostid = response['result']['hostids'] return response['result']['hostids'] # 创建host，两个模板 def host_create_with2templates(self, hostName,visibleName,hostIp, hostgroupName, templateName1, templateName2): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"host.create", "params":{ "host": hostName, "name": visibleName, #"proxy_hostid": self.proxy_get(proxyName), "interfaces": [ { "type": 1, "main": 1, "useip": 1, "ip": hostIp, "dns": "", "port": "10050" } ], "groups": [ { "groupid": self.hostgroup_get(hostgroupName) } ], "templates": [ { "templateid": self.template_get(templateName1) }, { "templateid": self.template_get(templateName2) } ], }, "auth": self.user_login(), "id":1 }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() print "host : %s is created! id is %s " % (hostip, response['result']['hostids'][0]) self.hostid = response['result']['hostids'] return response['result']['hostids'] # 创建host，两个模板 def host_create_with3templates(self, hostName,visibleName,hostIp, hostgroupName, templateName1, templateName2, templateName3): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"host.create", "params":{ "host": hostName, "name": visibleName, #"proxy_hostid": self.proxy_get(proxyName), "interfaces": [ { "type": 1, "main": 1, "useip": 1, "ip": hostIp, "dns": "", "port": "10050" } ], "groups": [ { "groupid": self.hostgroup_get(hostgroupName) } ], "templates": [ { "templateid": self.template_get(templateName1) }, { "templateid": self.template_get(templateName2) }, { "templateid": self.template_get(templateName3) } ], }, "auth": self.user_login(), "id":1 }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() print "host : %s is created! id is %s " % (hostip, response['result']['hostids'][0]) self.hostid = response['result']['hostids'] return response['result']['hostids'] # zabbix_proxy获取函数 def proxy_get(self, ProxyName): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method": "proxy.get", "params": { "output": "extend", "selectInterface": "extend", "filter": { "host": [ ProxyName, ] } }, "auth":self.user_login(), "id":1, }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() self.templateID = response['result'][0]['proxyid'] return response['result'][0]['proxyid'] # 程序的入口 if __name__ == "__main__": # 实例化ZabbixTools对象 test = ZabbixTools() #result = test.host_get('node5.chinasoft.com') #print result # 获取host列表 workbook = xlrd.open_workbook('host_list.xls') for row in xrange(workbook.sheets()[0].nrows): hostname=workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row,0).value visible=workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row,1).value hostip=workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row,2).value #dnsname=workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row,3).value #proxy=workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row,4).value hostgroup=workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row,3).value hosttemp=workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row,4).value hosttemp2=workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row,5).value hosttemp3=workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row,6).value hostgroup=hostgroup.strip() hostnameGet=test.host_get(hostname) if hostnameGet.strip() != '': print "%s have exist! Cannot recreate ! " % hostnameGet continue # 主机有三个模板的情况 if hostnameGet.strip() == '' and hosttemp != '' and hosttemp2 != '' and hosttemp3 != '': print hostname + ',' + visible + ',' + hostip + ',' + hostgroup + ',' + hosttemp + ',' + hosttemp2 + ',' + hosttemp3 test.host_create_with3templates(hostname,visible,hostip,hostgroup,hosttemp,hosttemp2,hosttemp3) continue # 两个模板的情况 if hostnameGet.strip() == '' and hosttemp != '' and hosttemp2 != '': print hostname + ',' + visible + ',' + hostip + ',' + hostgroup + ',' + hosttemp + ',' + hosttemp2 test.host_create_with2templates(hostname,visible,hostip,hostgroup,hosttemp,hosttemp2) continue # 一个模板的情况 if hostnameGet.strip() == '' and hosttemp != '': print hostname + ',' + visible + ',' + hostip + ',' + hostgroup + ',' + hosttemp test.host_create(hostname,visible,hostip,hostgroup,hosttemp)
#coding:utf-8 import json import urllib2 from urllib2 import URLError import sys import xlrd # 定义zabbix工具类 # 需要修改zabbix_server的url登录服务端的账号密码 class ZabbixTools: def __init__(self): self.url = 'http://10.11.0.215/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php' # self.url = 'http://10.11.0.215/api_jsonrpc.php' self.header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"} # 登陆验证 def user_login(self): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "user.login", "params": { "user": 'admin', "password": 'pass' }, "id": 0 }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Auth Failed, please Check your name and password:", e.code else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() self.authID = response['result'] return self.authID # 获取主机 def host_get(self,hostName): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"host.get", "params":{ "output":["hostid","name"], "filter":{"host":hostName} }, "auth":self.user_login(), "id":1, }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: if hasattr(e, 'reason'): print 'We failed to reach a server.' print 'Reason: ', e.reason elif hasattr(e, 'code'): print 'The server could not fulfill the request.' print 'Error code: ', e.code else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() print "Number Of %s: " % hostName, len(response['result']) lens=len(response['result']) if lens > 0: return response['result'][0]['name'] else: return "" # 获取主机组 def hostgroup_get(self, hostgroupName): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"hostgroup.get", "params":{ "output": "extend", "filter": { "name": [ hostgroupName, ] } }, "auth":self.user_login(), "id":1, }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() lens=len(response['result']) if lens > 0: self.hostgroupID = response['result'][0]['groupid'] return response['result'][0]['groupid'] else: print "no GroupGet result" return "" # 获取模板 def template_get(self, templateName): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method": "template.get", "params": { "output": "extend", "filter": { "host": [ templateName, ] } }, "auth":self.user_login(), "id":1, }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() # print 'template_get_result:%s' % response['result'] self.templateID = response['result'][0]['templateid'] return response['result'][0]['templateid'] # 创建主机组hostgroup def hostgroup_create(self, hostgroupName): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "hostgroup.create", "params": { "name": hostgroupName }, "auth": self.user_login(), "id": 1 }) # print "hostgroupid:|%s|" % hostgroupid # 查询主机组是否存在，如果不存在就创建 hostgroupid = self.hostgroup_get(hostgroupName) if hostgroupid == '': request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) print 'result:%s' % result except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() # print 'result groupid:%s' % response['result']['groupids'] return response['result']['groupids'] # 创建host #def host_create(self, hostName,visibleName,hostIp,dnsName,proxyName, hostgroupName, templateName1, templateName2): def host_create(self, hostName,visibleName,hostIp, hostgroupName, templateName1): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"host.create", "params":{ "host": hostName, "name": visibleName, #"proxy_hostid": self.proxy_get(proxyName), "interfaces": [ { "type": 1, "main": 1, "useip": 1, "ip": hostIp, "dns": "", "port": "10050" } ], "groups": [ { "groupid": self.hostgroup_get(hostgroupName) } ], "templates": [ { "templateid": self.template_get(templateName1) } ], }, "auth": self.user_login(), "id":1 }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() print "host : %s is created! id is %s " % (hostip, response['result']['hostids'][0]) self.hostid = response['result']['hostids'] return response['result']['hostids'] # 创建host，两个模板 def host_create_with2templates(self, hostName,visibleName,hostIp, hostgroupName, templateName1, templateName2): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"host.create", "params":{ "host": hostName, "name": visibleName, #"proxy_hostid": self.proxy_get(proxyName), "interfaces": [ { "type": 1, "main": 1, "useip": 1, "ip": hostIp, "dns": "", "port": "10050" } ], "groups": [ { "groupid": self.hostgroup_get(hostgroupName) } ], "templates": [ { "templateid": self.template_get(templateName1) }, { "templateid": self.template_get(templateName2) } ], }, "auth": self.user_login(), "id":1 }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() print "host : %s is created! id is %s " % (hostip, response['result']['hostids'][0]) self.hostid = response['result']['hostids'] return response['result']['hostids'] # 创建host，3个模板 def host_create_with3templates(self, hostName,visibleName,hostIp, hostgroupName, templateName1, templateName2, templateName3): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"host.create", "params":{ "host": hostName, "name": visibleName, #"proxy_hostid": self.proxy_get(proxyName), "interfaces": [ { "type": 1, "main": 1, "useip": 1, "ip": hostIp, "dns": "", "port": "10050" } ], "groups": [ { "groupid": self.hostgroup_get(hostgroupName) } ], "templates": [ { "templateid": self.template_get(templateName1) }, { "templateid": self.template_get(templateName2) }, { "templateid": self.template_get(templateName3) } ], }, "auth": self.user_login(), "id":1 }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() print "host : %s is created! id is %s " % (hostip, response['result']['hostids'][0]) self.hostid = response['result']['hostids'] return response['result']['hostids'] # zabbix_proxy获取函数 def proxy_get(self, ProxyName): data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method": "proxy.get", "params": { "output": "extend", "selectInterface": "extend", "filter": { "host": [ ProxyName, ] } }, "auth":self.user_login(), "id":1, }) request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data) for key in self.header: request.add_header(key, self.header[key]) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: print "Error as ", e else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() self.templateID = response['result'][0]['proxyid'] return response['result'][0]['proxyid'] # 程序的入口 if __name__ == "__main__": # 实例化ZabbixTools对象 test = ZabbixTools() # 读取excel的每一行，获取host信息列表 workbook = xlrd.open_workbook('host_list02.xls') for row in xrange(workbook.sheets()[0].nrows): hostname=workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row,0).value visible=workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row,1).value hostip=workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row,2).value #dnsname=workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row,3).value #proxy=workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row,4).value hostgroup=workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row,3).value hosttemp=workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row,4).value hosttemp2=workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row,5).value hosttemp3=workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row,6).value hostgroup=hostgroup.strip() # 判断是否有这个主机组，如果没有就创建 hostgroupid = test.hostgroup_get(hostgroup) if hostgroupid == '': test.hostgroup_create(hostgroup) hostnameGet=test.host_get(hostname) if hostnameGet.strip() != '': print "%s have exist! Cannot recreate ! " % hostnameGet continue # 目前只支持有3个模板的主机，如果有更多模板，需要修改函数，必须保证每一个模板在server端都是存在的否则会报错 if hostnameGet.strip() == '' and hosttemp != '' and hosttemp2 != '' and hosttemp3 != '': print hostname + ',' + visible + ',' + hostip + ',' + hostgroup + ',' + hosttemp + ',' + hosttemp2 + ',' + hosttemp3 test.host_create_with3templates(hostname,visible,hostip,hostgroup,hosttemp,hosttemp2,hosttemp3) continue if hostnameGet.strip() == '' and hosttemp != '' and hosttemp2 != '': print hostname + ',' + visible + ',' + hostip + ',' + hostgroup + ',' + hosttemp + ',' + hosttemp2 test.host_create_with2templates(hostname,visible,hostip,hostgroup,hosttemp,hosttemp2) continue if hostnameGet.strip() == '' and hosttemp != '': print hostname + ',' + visible + ',' + hostip + ',' + hostgroup + ',' + hosttemp test.host_create(hostname,visible,hostip,hostgroup,hosttemp)