33. Search in Rotated Sorted Array

Suppose an array sorted in ascending order is rotated at some pivot unknown to you beforehand.

(i.e., [0,1,2,4,5,6,7] might become [4,5,6,7,0,1,2]).

You are given a target value to search. If found in the array return its index, otherwise return -1.

You may assume no duplicate exists in the array.

Your algorithm's runtime complexity must be in the order of O(log n).

Example 1:

Input: nums = [4,5,6,7,0,1,2], target = 0
Output: 4

Example 2:

Input: nums = [4,5,6,7,0,1,2], target = 3
Output: -1

题目要求了时间复杂度要O(logn)，明显的要求用二分查找实现。该题的难点在于判断旋转点在mid的左边还是右边，以及后面的高低索引的变化。

int search(int* nums, int numsSize, int target) {
    int low=0,high=numsSize-1;
    while (low<=high){
        int mid=low+(high-low)/2;
        if(nums[mid]==target)  
            return mid;
        //只有两种情况，旋转点在mid左边，旋转点在mid右边
        if(nums[mid]<nums[low]){
                // 6,7,0,1,2,3,4   5
                if (target<nums[mid] || target>=nums[low])
                    high=mid-1;
                else
                    low=mid+1;
        }else{
                // 2,3,4,5,6,7,0   1
                if (target>nums[mid] || target<nums[low])
                    low=mid+1;
                else
                    high=mid-1;
            }
    }
    return -1;
}