• 【spring-boot】spring-boot-SpringBoot与数据访问


    六、SpringBoot与数据访问

    1、JDBC

    <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
            </dependency>dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
            </dependency>
    spring:
      datasource:
        username: root
        password: 123456
        url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.15.22:3306/jdbc
        driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver:
      datasource:
        username: root
        password: 123456
        url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.15.22:3306/jdbc
        driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

    效果:

    ​ 默认是用org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource作为数据源;

    ​ 数据源的相关配置都在DataSourceProperties里面;

    自动配置原理:

    org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc:

    1、参考DataSourceConfiguration,根据配置创建数据源,默认使用Tomcat连接池;可以使用spring.datasource.type指定自定义的数据源类型;

    2、SpringBoot默认可以支持;

    org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource、HikariDataSource、BasicDataSource、
    
    
    

    3、自定义数据源类型

    /**
     * Generic DataSource configuration.
     */
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(DataSource.class)
    @ConditionalOnProperty(name = "spring.datasource.type")
    static class Generic {
    ​
       @Bean
       public DataSource dataSource(DataSourceProperties properties) {
           //使用DataSourceBuilder创建数据源,利用反射创建响应type的数据源,并且绑定相关属性
          return properties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().build();
       }
    ​
    }
     * Generic DataSource configuration.
     */
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(DataSource.class)
    @ConditionalOnProperty(name = "spring.datasource.type")
    static class Generic {
    ​
       @Bean
       public DataSource dataSource(DataSourceProperties properties) {
           //使用DataSourceBuilder创建数据源,利用反射创建响应type的数据源,并且绑定相关属性
          return properties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().build();
       }
    ​
    }

    4、DataSourceInitializer:ApplicationListener

    ​ 作用:

    ​ 1)、runSchemaScripts();运行建表语句;

    ​ 2)、runDataScripts();运行插入数据的sql语句;

    默认只需要将文件命名为:

    schema-*.sql、data-*.sql
    默认规则:schema.sql,schema-all.sql;
    可以使用   
        schema:
          - classpath:department.sql
          指定位置
    默认规则:schema.sql,schema-all.sql;
    可以使用   
        schema:
          - classpath:department.sql
          指定位置

    5、操作数据库:自动配置了JdbcTemplate操作数据库

    2、整合Druid数据源

    导入druid数据源
    @Configuration
    public class DruidConfig {
    ​
        @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
        @Bean
        public DataSource druid(){
           return  new DruidDataSource();
        }
    ​
        //配置Druid的监控
        //1、配置一个管理后台的Servlet
        @Bean
        public ServletRegistrationBean statViewServlet(){
            ServletRegistrationBean bean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new StatViewServlet(), "/druid/*");
            Map<String,String> initParams = new HashMap<>();
    ​
            initParams.put("loginUsername","admin");
            initParams.put("loginPassword","123456");
            initParams.put("allow","");//默认就是允许所有访问
            initParams.put("deny","192.168.15.21");
    ​
            bean.setInitParameters(initParams);
            return bean;
        }
    ​
    ​
        //2、配置一个web监控的filter
        @Bean
        public FilterRegistrationBean webStatFilter(){
            FilterRegistrationBean bean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
            bean.setFilter(new WebStatFilter());
    ​
            Map<String,String> initParams = new HashMap<>();
            initParams.put("exclusions","*.js,*.css,/druid/*");
    ​
            bean.setInitParameters(initParams);
    ​
            bean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/*"));
    ​
            return  bean;
        }
    }
    ​
    @Configuration
    public class DruidConfig {
    ​
        @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
        @Bean
        public DataSource druid(){
           return  new DruidDataSource();
        }
    ​
        //配置Druid的监控
        //1、配置一个管理后台的Servlet
        @Bean
        public ServletRegistrationBean statViewServlet(){
            ServletRegistrationBean bean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new StatViewServlet(), "/druid/*");
            Map<String,String> initParams = new HashMap<>();
    ​
            initParams.put("loginUsername","admin");
            initParams.put("loginPassword","123456");
            initParams.put("allow","");//默认就是允许所有访问
            initParams.put("deny","192.168.15.21");
    ​
            bean.setInitParameters(initParams);
            return bean;
        }
    ​
    ​
        //2、配置一个web监控的filter
        @Bean
        public FilterRegistrationBean webStatFilter(){
            FilterRegistrationBean bean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
            bean.setFilter(new WebStatFilter());
    ​
            Map<String,String> initParams = new HashMap<>();
            initParams.put("exclusions","*.js,*.css,/druid/*");
    ​
            bean.setInitParameters(initParams);
    ​
            bean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/*"));
    ​
            return  bean;
        }
    }
    ​

    3、整合MyBatis

            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>1.3.1</version>
            </dependency>    <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>1.3.1</version>
            </dependency>

    步骤:

    ​ 1)、配置数据源相关属性(见上一节Druid)

    ​ 2)、给数据库建表

    ​ 3)、创建JavaBean

    4)、注解版

    //指定这是一个操作数据库的mapper
    @Mapper
    public interface DepartmentMapper {
    ​
        @Select("select * from department where id=#{id}")
        public Department getDeptById(Integer id);
    ​
        @Delete("delete from department where id=#{id}")
        public int deleteDeptById(Integer id);
    ​
        @Options(useGeneratedKeys = true,keyProperty = "id")
        @Insert("insert into department(departmentName) values(#{departmentName})")
        public int insertDept(Department department);
    ​
        @Update("update department set departmentName=#{departmentName} where id=#{id}")
        public int updateDept(Department department);
    }
    @Mapper
    public interface DepartmentMapper {
    ​
        @Select("select * from department where id=#{id}")
        public Department getDeptById(Integer id);
    ​
        @Delete("delete from department where id=#{id}")
        public int deleteDeptById(Integer id);
    ​
        @Options(useGeneratedKeys = true,keyProperty = "id")
        @Insert("insert into department(departmentName) values(#{departmentName})")
        public int insertDept(Department department);
    ​
        @Update("update department set departmentName=#{departmentName} where id=#{id}")
        public int updateDept(Department department);
    }

    问题:

    自定义MyBatis的配置规则;给容器中添加一个ConfigurationCustomizer;

    @org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration
    public class MyBatisConfig {
    ​
        @Bean
        public ConfigurationCustomizer configurationCustomizer(){
            return new ConfigurationCustomizer(){
    ​
                @Override
                public void customize(Configuration configuration) {
                    configuration.setMapUnderscoreToCamelCase(true);
                }
            };
        }
    }.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration
    public class MyBatisConfig {
    ​
        @Bean
        public ConfigurationCustomizer configurationCustomizer(){
            return new ConfigurationCustomizer(){
    ​
                @Override
                public void customize(Configuration configuration) {
                    configuration.setMapUnderscoreToCamelCase(true);
                }
            };
        }
    }
    使用MapperScan批量扫描所有的Mapper接口;
    @MapperScan(value = "com.atguigu.springboot.mapper")
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class SpringBoot06DataMybatisApplication {
    ​
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(SpringBoot06DataMybatisApplication.class, args);
        }
    }
    @MapperScan(value = "com.atguigu.springboot.mapper")
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class SpringBoot06DataMybatisApplication {
    ​
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(SpringBoot06DataMybatisApplication.class, args);
        }
    }

    5)、配置文件版

    mybatis:
      config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml 指定全局配置文件的位置
      mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml  指定sql映射文件的位置:
      config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml 指定全局配置文件的位置
      mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml  指定sql映射文件的位置

    更多使用参照

    http://www.mybatis.org/spring-boot-starter/mybatis-spring-boot-autoconfigure/

    4、整合SpringData JPA

    1)、SpringData简介

    2)、整合SpringData JPA

    JPA:ORM(Object Relational Mapping);

    1)、编写一个实体类(bean)和数据表进行映射,并且配置好映射关系;

    //使用JPA注解配置映射关系
    @Entity //告诉JPA这是一个实体类(和数据表映射的类)
    @Table(name = "tbl_user") //@Table来指定和哪个数据表对应;如果省略默认表名就是user;
    public class User {
    ​
        @Id //这是一个主键
        @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)//自增主键
        private Integer id;
    ​
        @Column(name = "last_name",length = 50) //这是和数据表对应的一个列
        private String lastName;
        @Column //省略默认列名就是属性名
        private String email;
    @Entity //告诉JPA这是一个实体类(和数据表映射的类)
    @Table(name = "tbl_user") //@Table来指定和哪个数据表对应;如果省略默认表名就是user;
    public class User {
    ​
        @Id //这是一个主键
        @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)//自增主键
        private Integer id;
    ​
        @Column(name = "last_name",length = 50) //这是和数据表对应的一个列
        private String lastName;
        @Column //省略默认列名就是属性名
        private String email;

    2)、编写一个Dao接口来操作实体类对应的数据表(Repository)

    //继承JpaRepository来完成对数据库的操作
    public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User,Integer> {
    }
    ​
    public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User,Integer> {
    }
    ​

    3)、基本的配置JpaProperties

    spring:  
     jpa:
        hibernate:
    #     更新或者创建数据表结构
          ddl-auto: update
    #    控制台显示SQL
        show-sql: true:  
     jpa:
        hibernate:
    #     更新或者创建数据表结构
          ddl-auto: update
    #    控制台显示SQL
        show-sql: true
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/qxlxi/p/12860970.html
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