SSH 框架搭建与开发

对于Java初学者而言，SSH框架还是比较复杂的，今天借用一个Web注册功能的案例给大家讲解下，主要是讲下开发模式与注意事项！

注册界面如下所示：

1.首先建库建表（我用的是Mysql数据库，大家可以参考其他关系型DB，在SSH框架中集成对应驱动访问即可）

/*
在Mysql的test库中执行如下创建表SQL语句
*/

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for user
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `id` int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
  `password` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
  `sex` int(1) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=8 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

2.创建Dynamic Web Project（我用的是Eclipse J2EE版本，大家也可以使用MyEclipse Java IDE开发环境）

3.将SSH框架中lib库及DB、日志相关库（jar包）拷贝至工程中lib目录
（我这里使用的Struts2 + Spring3 + Hibernate3集成框架）
备注：无需在Libraries中Add新增lib库，工程会自动加载

4.将struts.xml拷贝至src目录下（对应在classes目录也会生成该文件），将applicationContext.xml及web.xml拷贝至WEB-INF目录下
备注：这里路径很容易弄错，需要注意，因为排查起来比较麻烦

5.对工程结构分层：持久层 <- DAO层 <- 业务层 <- Web层（展现层），如下所示：

6.接下来就是逐层实现代码的过程（时间关系，直接上代码与注释吧）：

（1）持久层

User.java

package hexieshangwang.ssh.beans;

/** 
 * @author：hexieshangwang 
 * @version 1.0
 * @parameter
 * @since
 * @return
 * @description：在持久层建立po与hbm.xml映射关系
*/

public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String password;
    private int sex;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
    public int getSex() {
        return sex;
    }
    public void setSex(int sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }
}

User.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
                            "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
                            "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >

<hibernate-mapping package="hexieshangwang.ssh.beans">
    <class name="User" table="user">
        <id name="id" column="id">
            <generator class="native"></generator>
        </id>
        <property name="name" column="name" type="java.lang.String"
            not-null="true" length="16"></property>
        <property name="password" column="password" type="java.lang.String"
            not-null="true" length="16" />
        <property name="sex" column="sex" type="java.lang.Integer"
            length="1" />
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

（2）DAO层

BaseDao.java

package hexieshangwang.ssh.dao;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;

/** 
  * @author：hexieshangwang 
  * @version 1.0
  * @parameter
  * @since
  * @return
  * @description：在DAO层提供访问持久层（Hibernate）接口
*/

public interface BaseDao {

    public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException;

}

UserDao.java

package hexieshangwang.ssh.daoImpl;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;

import hexieshangwang.ssh.dao.BaseDao;

/** 
  * @author：hexieshangwang 
  * @version 1.0
  * @parameter
  * @since
  * @return
  * @description：实现DAO层接口
*/

public class UserDao extends HibernateDaoSupport implements BaseDao{

    @Override
    public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        getHibernateTemplate().save(obj);
    }

}

（3）业务层

UserService.java

package hexieshangwang.ssh.service;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;

import hexieshangwang.ssh.forms.UserForm;

/** 
  * @author：hexieshangwang 
  * @version 1.0
  * @parameter
  * @since
  * @return
  * @description：在业务层提供访问DAO层Service接口
*/

public interface UserService {

    public void regUser(UserForm user) throws HibernateException;

}

UserServiceImpl.java

package hexieshangwang.ssh.serviceImpl;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;

import hexieshangwang.ssh.beans.User;
import hexieshangwang.ssh.dao.BaseDao;
import hexieshangwang.ssh.forms.UserForm;
import hexieshangwang.ssh.service.UserService;

/** 
  * @author：hexieshangwang 
  * @version 1.0
  * @parameter
  * @since
  * @return
  * @description：实现业务层Service接口
*/

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{

    private BaseDao dao;

    public void setDao(BaseDao dao) {
        this.dao = dao;
    }

    @Override
    public void regUser(UserForm userForm) throws HibernateException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        User user = new User();
        BeanUtils.copyProperties(userForm, user);
        dao.saveObject(user);
    }

}

applicationContext.xml
备注：此处在Spring框架中整合了Hibernate配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

<!-- 定义数据源的信息 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClass">
<value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
</property>
<property name="jdbcUrl">
<value>jdbc:mysql://IP:3306/test</value>
</property>
<property name="user">
<value>root</value>
</property>
<property name="password">
<value>123456</value>
</property>
<property name="maxPoolSize">
<value>80</value>
</property>
<property name="minPoolSize">
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property name="initialPoolSize">
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property name="maxIdleTime">
<value>20</value>
</property>
</bean>

<!--定义Hibernate的SessionFactory -->
<!-- SessionFactory使用的数据源为上面的数据源 -->
<!-- 指定了Hibernate的映射文件和配置信息 -->
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource">
<ref local="dataSource" />
</property>
<property name="mappingResources">
<list>
<value>hexieshangwang/ssh/beans/User.hbm.xml</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<prop key="show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">20</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>

<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

<bean id="baseDao" class="hexieshangwang.ssh.daoImpl.UserDao">
<property name="sessionFactory">
<ref bean="sessionFactory" />
</property>
</bean>

<!--用户注册业务逻辑类 -->
<bean id="userService" class="hexieshangwang.ssh.serviceImpl.UserServiceImpl">
<property name="dao">
<ref bean="baseDao" />
</property>
</bean>

<!-- 用户注册的Action -->
<bean id="regAction" class="hexieshangwang.ssh.action.RegisterAction">
<property name="userService">
<ref bean="userService" />
</property>
</bean>

<!-- more bean definitions go here -->

</beans>

（4）Web层

UserForm.java

package hexieshangwang.ssh.forms;

/** 
  * @author：hexieshangwang 
  * @version 1.0
  * @parameter
  * @since
  * @return
  * @description：在Web层实现表单Form
*/

public class UserForm {
    private String name;
    private String password;
    private int sex;
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
    public int getSex() {
        return sex;
    }
    public void setSex(int sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }
}

RegisterAction.java

package hexieshangwang.ssh.action;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

import hexieshangwang.ssh.forms.UserForm;
import hexieshangwang.ssh.service.UserService;

/** 
  * @author：hexieshangwang 
  * @version 1.0
  * @parameter
  * @since
  * @return
  * @description：在Web层实现Action界面操作
*/

public class RegisterAction extends ActionSupport {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private UserForm user;

    private UserService userService;

    public UserForm getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(UserForm user) {
        this.user = user;
    }

    public void setUserService(UserService userService) {
        this.userService = userService;
    }

    public String execute() {
        try {
            userService.regUser(user);
            return SUCCESS;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return ERROR;
        }
    }
}

struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

<struts>

    <include file="struts-default.xml" />
    <package name="hexieshangwang" extends="struts-default">
        <action name="register" class="regAction">
            <result name="submit">/Register.jsp</result>
            <result name="success">/Success.jsp</result>
            <result name="error">/Fail.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>

</struts>