• ORACLE SQL:经典查询练手第四篇


    本文使用ORACLE自带的人力资源(HR)实例数据,本文所用表结构如下:

    表名:REGIONS

    序号

    列名

    数据类型

    长度

    小数位

    标识

    主键

    允许空

    默认值

    说明

    1

    REGION_ID

    NUMBER

     

     

     

     

     

    2

    REGION_NAME

    VARCHAR2

    25

     

     

     

     

     

     

    表名:COUNTRIES

    序号

    列名

    数据类型

    长度

    小数位

    标识

    主键

    允许空

    默认值

    说明

    1

    COUNTRY_ID

    CHAR

    2

     

     

     

     

    2

    COUNTRY_NAME

    VARCHAR2

    40

     

     

     

     

     

    3

    REGION_ID

    NUMBER

     

     

     

     

     

     

    表名:LOCATIONS

    序号

    列名

    数据类型

    长度

    小数位

    标识

    主键

    允许空

    默认值

    说明

    1

    LOCATION_ID

    NUMBER

    4

    0

     

     

     

    2

    STREET_ADDRESS

    VARCHAR2

    40

     

     

     

     

     

    3

    POSTAL_CODE

    VARCHAR2

    12

     

     

     

     

     

    4

    CITY

    VARCHAR2

    30

     

     

     

     

     

    5

    STATE_PROVINCE

    VARCHAR2

    25

     

     

     

     

     

    6

    COUNTRY_ID

    CHAR

    2

     

     

     

     

     

    表名:DEPARTMENTS

    序号

    列名

    数据类型

    长度

    小数位

    标识

    主键

    允许空

    默认值

    说明

    1

    DEPARTMENT_ID

    NUMBER

    4

    0

     

     

     

    2

    DEPARTMENT_NAME

    VARCHAR2

    30

     

     

     

     

     

    3

    MANAGER_ID

    NUMBER

    6

    0

     

     

     

     

    4

    LOCATION_ID

    NUMBER

    4

    0

     

     

     

     

    表名:JOBS

    序号

    列名

    数据类型

    长度

    小数位

    标识

    主键

    允许空

    默认值

    说明

    1

    JOB_ID

    VARCHAR2

    10

     

     

     

     

    2

    JOB_TITLE

    VARCHAR2

    35

     

     

     

     

     

    3

    MIN_SALARY

    NUMBER

    6

    0

     

     

     

     

    4

    MAX_SALARY

    NUMBER

    6

    0

     

     

     

     

    表名:EMPLOYEES

    序号

    列名

    数据类型

    长度

    小数位

    标识

    主键

    允许空

    默认值

    说明

    1

    EMPLOYEE_ID

    NUMBER

    6

    0

     

     

     

    2

    FIRST_NAME

    VARCHAR2

    20

     

     

     

     

     

    3

    LAST_NAME

    VARCHAR2

    25

     

     

     

     

     

    4

    EMAIL

    VARCHAR2

    25

     

     

     

     

     

    5

    PHONE_NUMBER

    VARCHAR2

    20

     

     

     

     

     

    6

    HIRE_DATE

    DATE

    7

     

     

     

     

     

    7

    JOB_ID

    VARCHAR2

    10

     

     

     

     

     

    8

    SALARY

    NUMBER

    8

    2

     

     

     

     

    9

    COMMISSION_PCT

    NUMBER

    2

    2

     

     

     

     

    10

    MANAGER_ID

    NUMBER

    6

    0

     

     

     

     

    11

    DEPARTMENT_ID

    NUMBER

    4

    0

     

     

     

     

     

    ER图:


     

    SQL完成以下问题列表:

     

    /*---------------------------------------------
    1. 各个部门平均、最大、最小工资、人数,按照部门号升序排列。
    2. 各个部门中工资大于5000的员工人数。
    3. 各个部门平均工资和人数,按照部门名字升序排列。
    4. 列出每个部门中有同样工资的员工的统计信息,列出他们的部门号,工资,人数。
    5. 列出同部门中工资高于1000 的员工数量超过2 人的部门,显示部门名字、地区名称。
    6. 哪些员工的工资,高于整个公司的平均工资,列出员工的名字和工资(降序)。
    7. 哪些员工的工资,介于50号 和80号部门平均工资之间。
    8. 所在部门平均工资高于5000 的员工名字。
    9. 列出各个部门中工资最高的员工的信息:名字、部门号、工资。
    10. 最高的部门平均工资是多少。
    ---------------------------------------------
    */

     

     

    /*--------1、各个部门平均、最大、最小工资、人数,按照部门号升序排列。---------*/
    SQL
    > SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID AS 部门号,AVG(SALARY) AS 平均工资
     
    2         ,MAX(SALARY) AS 最高工资,MIN(SALARY)  AS 最低工资
     
    3         ,COUNT(*) AS 人数
     
    4  FROM EMPLOYEES
     
    5  GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID
     
    6  ORDER BY DEPARTMENT_ID ASC;
     
       部门号       平均工资       最高工资       最低工资         人数
    ------         ----------         ----------         ----------         ----------
           10           4400               4400               4400                 1
       
    20          9500              13000           6000                  2
       
    30           4150              11000           2500                  6
       
    40           6500               6500               6500                  1
       
    50             3475.55555     8200               2100                 45
       
    60           5760               9000               4200                  5
       
    70          10000              10000              10000                  1
       
    80             8973.85294     14000           6100                 34
       
    90             21333.3333     24000              20000                  3
      
    100           8600              12000           6900                  6
      
    110          10150              12000           8300                  2
                   
    7000               7000               7000                  1
     
    12 rows selected

    /*--------2、各个部门中工资大于5000的员工人数。---------*/
    SQL
    > SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID,COUNT(*) FROM EMPLOYEES
      
    2  WHERE SALARY > 5000
      
    3  GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID;
     
    DEPARTMENT_ID  
    COUNT(*)
    ------------- ----------
               20          2
              
    30          1
              
    40          1
              
    50          5
              
    60          2
              
    70          1
              
    80         34
              
    90          3
             
    100          6
             
    110          2
                          
    1
     
    11 rows selected

    /*--------3、各个部门平均工资和人数,按照部门名字升序排列。---------*/

    SQL
    > SELECT DPTNAME,AVG(SALARY),COUNT(*) FROM
     
    2         (SELECT
     
    3             (SELECT DEPT.DEPARTMENT_NAME FROM DEPARTMENTS DEPT
     
    4             WHERE DEPT.DEPARTMENT_ID = EMP.DEPARTMENT_ID) DPTNAME,
     
    5             EMP.SALARY
     
    6  FROM EMPLOYEES EMP)
     
    7  GROUP BY DPTNAME
     
    8  ORDER BY DPTNAME;
     
    DPTNAME                       
    AVG(SALARY)   COUNT(*)
    ------------------------------ ----------- ----------
    Accounting                           10150          2
    Administration                       
    4400          1
    Executive                     
    21333.33333          3
    Finance                              
    8600          6
    Human Resources                      
    6500          1
    IT                                   
    5760          5
    Marketing                            
    9500          2
    Public Relations                     10000          1
    Purchasing                           
    4150          6
    Sales                         
    8973.852941         34
    Shipping                      
    3475.555555         45
                                         
    7000          1 
    12 rows selected

    --或者--

    SQL
    > SELECT DEPT.DEPARTMENT_NAME,AVG(EMP.SALARY),COUNT(*)
      
    2  FROM EMPLOYEES EMP,DEPARTMENTS DEPT
      
    3  WHERE EMP.DEPARTMENT_ID = DEPT.DEPARTMENT_ID
      
    4  GROUP BY DEPT.DEPARTMENT_NAME
      
    5  ORDER BY DEPT.DEPARTMENT_NAME;
     
    DEPARTMENT_NAME               
    AVG(EMP.SALARY)   COUNT(*)
    ------------------------------ --------------- ----------
    Accounting                               10150          2
    Administration                           
    4400          1
    Executive                     
    21333.333333333          3
    Finance                                  
    8600          6
    Human Resources                          
    6500          1
    IT                                       
    5760          5
    Marketing                                
    9500          2
    Public Relations                         10000          1
    Purchasing                               
    4150          6
    Sales                         
    8973.8529411764         34
    Shipping                      
    3475.5555555555         45
     
    11 rows selected
    --可以看到,这种方式,对于部门号为空的没有统计出来

    /*--------4、列出每个部门中有同样工资的员工的统计信息,
      列出他们的部门号,工资,人数。---------
    */

    SQL
    > SELECT EMP1.DEPARTMENT_ID,EMP1.SALARY,COUNT(*) CNT
      
    2  FROM   EMPLOYEES EMP1,EMPLOYEES EMP2
      
    3  WHERE  EMP1.DEPARTMENT_ID = EMP2.DEPARTMENT_ID AND
      
    4          EMP1.SALARY = EMP2.SALARY
      
    5          AND EMP1.EMPLOYEE_ID <> EMP2.EMPLOYEE_ID
      
    6  GROUP BY EMP1.DEPARTMENT_ID,EMP1.SALARY;
     
    DEPARTMENT_ID     SALARY        CNT
    ------------- ---------- ----------
               50    2200.00          2
              
    50    2400.00          2
              
    50    2500.00         20
              
    50    2600.00          6
              
    50    2700.00          2
              
    50    2800.00          6
              
    50    2900.00          2
              
    50    3000.00          2
              
    50    3100.00          6
              
    50    3200.00         12
              
    50    3300.00          2
              
    50    3600.00          2
              
    60    4800.00          2
              
    80    7000.00          2
              
    80    7500.00          2
              
    80    8000.00          6
              
    80    9000.00          2
              
    80    9500.00          6
              
    80   10000.00          6
              
    80   10500.00          2 
              
    80   11000.00          2
              
    90   20000.00          2
     
    22 rows selected

    /*--------5、列出同部门中工资高于1000 的员工数量超过2 人的部门,
    显示部门名字、地区名称。---------
    */

    SQL
    > SELECT D.DEPARTMENT_NAME,L.CITY,COUNT(*)
      
    2  FROM EMPLOYEES E,DEPARTMENTS D,LOCATIONS L
      
    3  WHERE E.DEPARTMENT_ID = D.DEPARTMENT_ID AND
      
    4         D.LOCATION_ID   = L.LOCATION_ID    AND
      
    5         E.SALARY > 1000
      
    6  GROUP BY D.DEPARTMENT_NAME,L.CITY
      
    7  HAVING COUNT(*) > 2;
     
    DEPARTMENT_NAME                CITY                            
    COUNT(*)
    ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ----------
    IT                             Southlake                               5
    Sales                          Oxford                                
    34
    Finance                        Seattle                                
    6
    Shipping                       South San Francisco                   
    45
    Executive                      Seattle                                
    3
    Purchasing                     Seattle                                
    6
     
    6 rows selected

     

     

    /*--------6、哪些员工的工资,高于整个公司的平均工资,
      列出员工的名字和工资(降序)。---------
    */

    SQL
    > SELECT FIRST_NAME || ' ' || LAST_NAME,SALARY
      
    2  FROM EMPLOYEES
      
    3  WHERE SALARY > (
      
    4        SELECT AVG(SALARY)
      
    5        FROM EMPLOYEES
      
    6        )
      
    7  ORDER BY SALARY DESC
    FIRST_NAME
    ||''||LAST_NAME                          SALARY
    ---------------------------------------------- ----------
    Steven King                                      24000.00
    Neena Kochhar                                   
    20000.00
    Lex De Haan                                     
    20000.00
    John Russell                                    
    14000.00
    Karen Partners                                  
    13500.00
    Michael Hartstein                               
    13000.00
    Nancy Greenberg                                 
    12000.00
    Alberto Errazuriz                               
    12000.00
    Shelley Higgins                                 
    12000.00
    Lisa Ozer                                       
    11500.00
    Den Raphaely                                    
    11000.00
    Gerald Cambrault                                
    11000.00
    Ellen Abel                                      
    11000.00
    Eleni Zlotkey                                   
    10500.00
    Clara Vishney                                   
    10500.00
    Peter Tucker                                    
    10000.00
    Janette King                                    
    10000.00
    Harrison Bloom                                  
    10000.00
    Hermann Baer                                    
    10000.00
    Tayler Fox                                       
    9600.00
    --共50条数据

    /*--------7、哪些员工的工资,介于50号 和80号 部门平均工资之间。---------*/

    SQL
    > SELECT FIRST_NAME || ' ' || LAST_NAME AS NAME,SALARY
     
    2  FROM EMPLOYEES
     
    3  WHERE SALARY
     
    4  BETWEEN
     
    5      (SELECT AVG(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEES
     
    6       WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID = 50)
     
    7  AND (SELECT AVG(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEES
     
    8       WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID = 80);
     
    NAME                                               SALARY
    ---------------------------------------------- ----------
    Bruce Ernst                                       6000.00
    David Austin                                     
    4800.00
    Valli Pataballa                                  
    4800.00
    Diana Lorentz                                    
    4200.00
    John Chen                                        
    8200.00
    Ismael Sciarra                                   
    7700.00
    Jose Manuel Urman                                
    7800.00
    Luis Popp                                        
    6900.00
    Matthew Weiss                                    
    8000.00
    Adam Fripp                                       
    8200.00
    Payam Kaufling                                   
    7900.00
    Shanta Vollman                                   
    6500.00
    Kevin Mourgos                                    
    5800.00
    Renske Ladwig                                    
    3600.00
    Trenna Rajs                                      
    3500.00
    Christopher Olsen                                
    8000.00
    Nanette Cambrault                                
    7500.00
    Oliver Tuvault                                   
    7000.00
    Lindsey Smith                                    
    8000.00
    Louise Doran                                     
    7500.00
    Sarath Sewall                                    
    7000.00
    Mattea Marvins                                   
    7200.00
    David Lee                                        
    6800.00
    Sundar Ande                                      
    6400.00
    Amit Banda                                       
    6200.00
    William Smith                                    
    7400.00
    Elizabeth Bates                                  
    7300.00
    Sundita Kumar                                    
    6100.00
    Alyssa Hutton                                    
    8800.00
    Jonathon Taylor                                  
    8600.00
    Jack Livingston                                  
    8000.00
    Kimberely
    Grant                                   7000.00
    Charles Johnson                                  
    7211.00
    Nandita Sarchand                                 
    4200.00
    Alexis Bull                                      
    4100.00
    Kelly Chung                                      
    3800.00
    Jennifer Dilly                                   
    3600.00
    Sarah Bell                                       
    4000.00
    Britney Everett                                  
    3900.00
    Jennifer Whalen                                  
    4400.00
    Pat Fay                                          
    6000.00
    Susan Mavris                                     
    6500.00
    William Gietz                                    
    8300.00
     
    43 rows selected

    /*--------8、所在部门平均工资高于5000 的员工名字。---------*/

    SQL
    > SELECT FIRST_NAME || ' ' || LAST_NAME AS NAME,SALARY
      
    2  FROM EMPLOYEES
      
    3  WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID IN
      
    4        (SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID FROM EMPLOYEES
      
    5         GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID
      
    6         HAVING AVG(SALARY) > 5000);
     
    NAME                                               SALARY
    ---------------------------------------------- ----------
    Michael Hartstein                                13000.00
    Pat Fay                                          
    6000.00
    Susan Mavris                                     
    6500.00
    Alexander Hunold                                 
    9000.00
    Bruce Ernst                                      
    6000.00
    David Austin                                     
    4800.00
    Valli Pataballa                                  
    4800.00
    Diana Lorentz                                    
    4200.00
    Hermann Baer                                    
    10000.00
    John Russell                                    
    14000.00
    Karen Partners                                  
    13500.00
    Alberto Errazuriz                               
    12000.00
    Gerald Cambrault                                
    11000.00
    Eleni Zlotkey                                   
    10500.00
    Peter Tucker                                    
    10000.00
    David Bernstein                                  
    9500.00
    Peter Hall                                       
    9000.00
    Christopher Olsen                                
    8000.00
    Nanette Cambrault                                
    7500.00
    Oliver Tuvault                                   
    7000.00
    --等54行数据…

    /*--------9、列出各个部门中工资最高的员工的信息:名字、部门号、工资。---------*/

    SQL
    > SELECT FIRST_NAME || ' ' || LAST_NAME AS NAME
      
    2         ,SALARY,DEPARTMENT_ID
      
    3  FROM EMPLOYEES
      
    4  WHERE (DEPARTMENT_ID,SALARY) IN
      
    5        (SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID,MAX(SALARY)
      
    6         FROM EMPLOYEES
      
    7         GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID); 

    NAME                                               SALARY DEPARTMENT_ID
    ---------------------------------------------- ---------- -------------
    Jennifer Whalen                                   4400.00            10
    Michael Hartstein                               
    13000.00            20
    Den Raphaely                                    
    11000.00            30
    Susan Mavris                                     
    6500.00            40
    Adam Fripp                                       
    8200.00            50
    Alexander Hunold                                 
    9000.00            60
    Hermann Baer                                    
    10000.00            70
    John Russell                                    
    14000.00            80
    Steven King                                     
    24000.00            90
    Nancy Greenberg                                 
    12000.00           100
    Shelley Higgins                                 
    12000.00           110
     
    11 rows selected

    /*--------10、最高的部门平均工资是多少。---------*/
    SQL
    > SELECT MAX(AVGSALARY)
     
    2  FROM(SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID,AVG(SALARY) AVGSALARY
     
    3    FROM EMPLOYEES
     
    4    GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID);
     
    MAX(AVGSALARY)
    --------------
    21333.33333333
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/quanweiru/p/2762563.html
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