Nginx代理和负载均衡实验

一、构建两个tomcat容器并启动

[root@localhost bin]# ps -ef|grep tomcat
root       1525      1 12 10:19 pts/0    00:00:03 /usr/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat-1/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /usr/local/tomcat-1/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat-1/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat-1 -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat-1 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat-1/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
root       1586      1 39 10:19 pts/0    00:00:02 /usr/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat-2/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /usr/local/tomcat-2/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat-2/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat-2 -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat-2 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat-2/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start

二、修改两个容器的web首页，并测试两个容器是否正常

三、启动Nginx并查看进程

[root@www ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/./nginx
[root@www ~]# ps -ef|grep nginx
root       5354      1  0 13:00 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/./nginx
nobody     5355   5354  0 13:00 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

四、开始实验：

Nginx代理服务器IP：192.168.249.132

Tomcat-1 IP：192.168.249.133：8080

Tomcat-2 IP：192.168.249.133：8081

1.配置测试反向代理

1）修改Nginx的配置文件

[root@www conf]# cat nginx.conf|grep -E -v "#|^$"
worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
	location / {
	    proxy_pass http://192.168.249.133:8080;  #将请求转向后端定义的Tomcat-1上.
	}
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}

2）重新载入nginx.conf

[root@www conf]# cat nginx.conf|grep -E -v "#|^$"

3）访问Nginx代理服务器，查看是否跳转

2.负载均衡算法测试——轮询算法

1）在nginx.conf的server块里写入upstream配置块，并修改proxy_pass参数

[root@www conf]# cat nginx.conf|grep -E -v "#|^$"
worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    upstream nginxtest {
        server 192.168.249.133:8080;
        server 192.168.249.133:8081;
    }
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
	location / {
	    proxy_pass http://nginxtest;
	}
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}

2）重新载入nginx.conf

[root@www conf]# ../sbin/./nginx -s reload

3）多次访问Nginx代理服务器

一直刷新页面会发现随机出现两个网页，这就是nginx默认的负载均衡算法：轮询算法

3.负载均衡权重测试——权重算法

1）在nginx.conf的server块里修改upstream配置块，在其中server参数后添加weight参数

[root@www conf]# cat nginx.conf|grep -E -v "#|^$"
worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    upstream nginxtest {
        server 192.168.249.133:8080 weight=3;
        server 192.168.249.133:8081 weight=2;
    }
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://nginxtest;
        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}

2）重新载入nginx.conf

[root@www conf]# ../sbin/./nginx -s reload

3）访问nginx代理服务器

发现刷新三次是tomcat-1后，后两次刷新是tomcat-2.

剩下的两种算法持续更新哦……