• 2018-2019 20165216 实验三 并发程序


    2018-2019 20165216《信息安全系统设计基础》实验三 并发程序

    实验三-并发程序-1

    任务详情

    • 学习使用Linux命令wc(1)
    • 基于Linux Socket程序设计实现wc(1)服务器(端口号是学号的后6位)和客户端

      客户端传一个文本文件给服务器
      服务器返回文本文件中的单词数

    • 上传代码并至少测试附件中的二个文件

    实验步骤

    使用man -k wc查找相关命令
    继续使用man 1 wc查找相关指令

    代码展示 serve.c

    #include<netinet/in.h>  // sockaddr_in  
    #include<sys/types.h>   // socket  
    #include<sys/socket.h>  // socket  
    #include<stdio.h>       // printf  
    #include<stdlib.h>      // exit  
    #include<string.h>      // bzero  
    
    #define SERVER_PORT 165216  
    #define LENGTH_OF_LISTEN_QUEUE 20  
    #define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
    #define FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE 512  
    
    int main(void)  
    {  
        // 声明并初始化一个服务器端的socket地址结构  
        struct sockaddr_in server_addr;  
        bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));  
        server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;  
        server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htons(INADDR_ANY);  
        server_addr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);  
    
        // 创建socket,若成功,返回socket描述符  
        int server_socket_fd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);  
        if(server_socket_fd < 0)  
        {  
            perror("Create Socket Failed:");  
            exit(1);  
        }  
        int opt = 1;  
        setsockopt(server_socket_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &opt, sizeof(opt));  
    
        // 绑定socket和socket地址结构  
        if(-1 == (bind(server_socket_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr))))  
        {  
            perror("Server Bind Failed:");  
            exit(1);  
        }  
    
        // socket监听  
        if(-1 == (listen(server_socket_fd, LENGTH_OF_LISTEN_QUEUE)))  
        {  
            perror("Server Listen Failed:");  
            exit(1);  
        }  
    
        while(1)  
        {  
            // 定义客户端的socket地址结构  
            struct sockaddr_in client_addr;  
            socklen_t client_addr_length = sizeof(client_addr);  
    
            // 接受连接请求,返回一个新的socket(描述符),这个新socket用于同连接的客户端通信  
            // accept函数会把连接到的客户端信息写到client_addr中  
            int new_server_socket_fd = accept(server_socket_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &client_addr_length);  
            if(new_server_socket_fd < 0)  
            {  
                perror("Server Accept Failed:");  
                break;  
            }  
    
           // recv函数接收数据到缓冲区buffer中  
            char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];  
            bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);  
            if(recv(new_server_socket_fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, 0) < 0)  
            {  
                perror("Server Recieve Data Failed:");  
                break;  
            }  
    
            // 然后从buffer(缓冲区)拷贝到file_name中  
            char file_name[FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1];  
            bzero(file_name, FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1);  
            strncpy(file_name, buffer, strlen(buffer)>FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE?FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE:strlen(buffer));  
            printf("%s
    ", file_name);  
    
        // 打开文件,准备写入  
            FILE *fp = fopen(file_name, "w");  
            if(NULL == fp)  
            {  
                printf("File:	%s Can Not Open To Write
    ", file_name);  
                exit(1);  
            }  
    
        // 从客户端接收数据到buffer中  
            // 每接收一段数据,便将其写入文件中,循环直到文件接收完并写完为止  
            bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);  
            int length = 0;  
            while((length = recv(new_server_socket_fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, 0)) > 0)  
            {  
            if(strcmp(buffer,"OK")==0) break;
                if(fwrite(buffer, sizeof(char), length, fp) < length)  
                {  
                    printf("File:	%s Write Failed
    ", file_name);  
                    break;  
                }  
                bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);  
            }  
    
    
        // 接收成功后,关闭文件,关闭socket  
            printf("Receive File:	%s From Client IP Successful!
    ", file_name);  
            fclose(fp);
    
    
        // 统计文件单词个数,并发送给客户端
        int words=0;
        char s[100];
        FILE *fp2;
        if((fp2=fopen(file_name,"r"))==NULL){
            printf("ERROR!
    ");
            exit(0);
        }
        while(fscanf(fp2,"%s",s)!=EOF)
            words++;
        fclose(fp2);
        //printf("%d words.
    ",words);
    
    
        sprintf(buffer,"%d",words);
    
        send(new_server_socket_fd,buffer,BUFFER_SIZE,0);
    
        //send(new_server_socket_fd,&words,sizeof(words),0);
        close(new_server_socket_fd);  
    
    
    
            // 关闭与客户端的连接  
    
        }  
        // 关闭监听用的socket  
        close(server_socket_fd);  
        return 0;  
    } 

    client.c

    #include<netinet/in.h>   // sockaddr_in  
    #include<sys/types.h>    // socket  
    #include<sys/socket.h>   // socket  
    #include<stdio.h>        // printf  
    #include<stdlib.h>       // exit  
    #include<string.h>       // bzero  
    
    #define SERVER_PORT 165216 
    #define BUFFER_SIZE 1024  
    #define FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE 512  
    
    int main()  
    {  
        // 声明并初始化一个客户端的socket地址结构  
        struct sockaddr_in client_addr;  
        bzero(&client_addr, sizeof(client_addr));  
        client_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;  
        client_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htons(INADDR_ANY);  
        client_addr.sin_port = htons(0);  
    
        // 创建socket,若成功,返回socket描述符  
        int client_socket_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);  
        if(client_socket_fd < 0)  
        {  
            perror("Create Socket Failed:");  
            exit(1);  
        }  
    
        // 绑定客户端的socket和客户端的socket地址结构 非必需  
        if(-1 == (bind(client_socket_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, sizeof(client_addr))))  
        {  
            perror("Client Bind Failed:");  
            exit(1);  
        }  
    
        // 声明一个服务器端的socket地址结构,并用服务器那边的IP地址及端口对其进行初始化,用于后面的连接  
        struct sockaddr_in server_addr;  
        bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));  
        server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;  
        if(inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &server_addr.sin_addr) == 0)  
        {  
            perror("Server IP Address Error:");  
            exit(1);  
        }  
        server_addr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);  
        socklen_t server_addr_length = sizeof(server_addr);  
    
        // 向服务器发起连接,连接成功后client_socket_fd代表了客户端和服务器的一个socket连接  
        if(connect(client_socket_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, server_addr_length) < 0)  
        {  
            perror("Can Not Connect To Server IP:");  
            exit(0);  
        }  
    
        // 输入文件名,并放到缓冲区buffer中等待发送  
        char file_name[FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1];  
        bzero(file_name, FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1);  
    
        printf("Please Input File Name On Client:	");
        scanf("%s", file_name);  
    
        char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];  
        bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);  
        strncpy(buffer, file_name, strlen(file_name)>BUFFER_SIZE?BUFFER_SIZE:strlen(file_name));  
    
        // 向服务器发送buffer中的数据  
        if(send(client_socket_fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, 0) < 0)  
        {  
            perror("Send File Name Failed:");  
            exit(1);  
        }  
    
    
        // 打开文件并读取文件数据  
            FILE *fp = fopen(file_name, "r");  
            if(NULL == fp)  
            {  
                printf("File:%s Not Found
    ", file_name);  
            }  
            else  
            {  
                bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);  
                int length = 0;  
                // 每读取一段数据,便将其发送给服务器,循环直到文件读完为止  
                while((length = fread(buffer, sizeof(char), BUFFER_SIZE, fp)) > 0)  
                {  
                    if(send(client_socket_fd, buffer, length, 0) < 0)  
                    {  
                        printf("Send File:%s Failed./n", file_name);  
                        break;  
                    }  
                    bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);  
                }  
    
                // 关闭文件  
    
                fclose(fp);  
                printf("File:%s Transfer Successful!
    ", file_name);  
            char s[50]; 
            scanf("%s",s);
            send(client_socket_fd,"OK",BUFFER_SIZE,0);
            recv(client_socket_fd,buffer,BUFFER_SIZE,0);    
            printf("%d words.
    ",atoi(buffer));
        }  
    
        close(client_socket_fd);  
        return 0;  
    } 

    运行截图

    实验三-并发程序-2

    任务详情

    • 使用多线程实现wc服务器并使用同步互斥机制保证计数正确
    • 上方提交代码
    • 下方提交测试
    • 对比单线程版本的性能,并分析原因

    代码展示

    serve2.c

    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <fcntl.h>
    #include <pthread.h>
    #include <sys/stat.h>
    #include <sys/types.h>
    #include <sys/socket.h>
    #include <arpa/inet.h>
    
    #define PORT 165216
    #define BUFF_SIZE 1024
    #define LISTEN_SIZE 20
    typedef struct{
        char type;
        char data[BUFF_SIZE];
    }m_package;
    
    void* process_client();
    
    int main(){
        int ss = create_tcp_server(PORT);
        if(-1 == ss)
            exit(-1);
        while(1){
            //接受客户端连接
            socklen_t addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr);
            struct sockaddr_in client_addr; //客户端地址结构
            int client_sock = accept(ss, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &addrlen);
            if(client_sock < 0){
                printf("accept error
    ");
            }
            printf("accept success
    ");
    
            pthread_t pid;
            if(pthread_create(&pid, NULL, process_client, &client_sock) < 0){
                printf("pthread_create error
    ");
            }
        }
    }
    
    //处理客户端程序
    void *process_client(void *arg){
        int size = 0, fd, count = 0, sockid = *(int*)arg;
        m_package pac;
        long total = 0, cur = 0;
        //循环接收文件
        while(1) {
            memset(&pac, 0, sizeof(pac));
            size = read(sockid, &pac, sizeof(pac));
            if(size > 0){
                if (pac.type == 1){
                    fd = open(pac.data, O_CREAT|O_WRONLY, 0777);
                    if(-1 == fd){
                        printf("open file error!
    ");
                        continue;
                    }
                    count = total = cur = 0;
                }
                else if (pac.type == 2){
                    cur += write(fd, pac.data, strlen(pac.data));
                    if(count++ % 5000 == 0){
                        printf("recv from client < %d > : %.01lf\%
    ", sockid, cur * 100.0 / total);
                        count = 0;
                    }
                }
                else if (pac.type == 3){
                    printf("recv from client < %d > : 100.0\%
    ", sockid);
                    printf("recv success
    ");
                    close(fd);
                }
                else if(pac.type == 4){//文件长度
                    total = strtol(pac.data, NULL, 10);
                    printf("%ld
    ", total);
                }
            }else{
                printf("client disconnected
    ");
                close(sockid);
                break;
            }
        }
        return 0;
    }
    int start_server(int port, int type){
        //建立服务器套接字
        int ss = socket(AF_INET, type, 0);
        if(ss < 0){
            printf("create socket error
    ");
            return -1;
        }
    
        //设置服务器地址
        struct sockaddr_in server_addr;	//服务器地址结构
        bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); //清零
        server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; //协议族
        server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); //ip地址
        server_addr.sin_port = htons(port); //端口
        //绑定地址结构到套接字描述符
        if(bind(ss, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) < 0){
            printf("bind error
    ");
            return -1;
        }
        //TCP
        if(SOCK_STREAM == type){
            //设置侦听
            if(listen(ss, LISTEN_SIZE) < 0){
                printf("listen error
    ");
                return -1;
            }
            printf("tcp server start
    ");
        }
        else
            printf("udp server start
    ");
        return ss;
    }
    
    int create_tcp_server(int port){
        start_server(port, SOCK_STREAM);
    }
    
    int create_udp_server(int port){
        start_server(port, SOCK_DGRAM);
    }
    

      

    client2.c

    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <fcntl.h>
    #include <pthread.h>
    #include <sys/stat.h>
    #include <sys/types.h>
    #include <sys/socket.h>
    #include <arpa/inet.h>
    #define PORT 165216
    #define BUFF_SIZE 1024
    #define LISTEN_SIZE 20
    typedef struct{
        char type;
        char data[BUFF_SIZE];
    }m_package;
    
    int main(){
        //创建连接
        int sock_fd = connect_tcp("127.0.0.1", PORT);
        if(-1 == sock_fd)
            return -1;
    
        m_package pac;
        int fd, cur = 0, count = 0;
        long filesize = 0;
        while(1){
            //打开文件
            memset(&pac, 0, sizeof(pac));
            pac.type = 1;
            // strcpy(pac.data, "/home/SKZH/a.txt");
            scanf("%s", pac.data);
            //获取文件信息
            struct stat sfile;
            stat(pac.data, &sfile );
            filesize = sfile.st_size;
            time_t t;
            long begin = time(&t);
            cur = count = 0;
    
            fd = open(pac.data, O_RDONLY);
            if(-1 == fd){
                printf("file open error
    ");
                continue;
            }
            //读取文件并发送
            //发送文件名
            strcpy(pac.data, strrchr(pac.data, '/') + 1);
            write(sock_fd, &pac, sizeof(pac));
            memset(&pac, 0, sizeof(pac));
    
            //发送文件长度
            pac.type = 4;
            sprintf(pac.data,"%ld",filesize);
            write(sock_fd, &pac, sizeof(pac));
            memset(&pac, 0, sizeof(pac));
    
            int read_len = 0;
            while((read_len = read(fd, pac.data, BUFF_SIZE)) > 0){
                pac.type = 2;
                write(sock_fd, &pac, sizeof(pac));
                memset(&pac, 0, sizeof(pac));
                cur += read_len;
                if(count++ % 5000 == 0){
                    count = 0;
                    printf("send to server : %.1lf\%
    ", cur * 100.0 / filesize);
                }
            }
    
            //发送结束标记
            memset(&pac, 3, sizeof(pac));
            write(sock_fd, &pac, BUFF_SIZE + 1);
            close(fd);
    
            printf("send to server : 100.0\%
    ");
            printf("file size : %d B
    ", filesize);
            printf("time : %ld ms
    ", time(&t) - begin);
            printf("send file success
    ");
            printf("------------------------
    ");
        }
        close(sock_fd);
    }
    int connectsock(char* server_ip, int server_port, int type){
        int sock_fd = socket(AF_INET, type, 0);
        if(-1 == sock_fd){
            printf("create socket error
    ");
            return -1;
        }
    
        struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
        //设置服务器地址
        bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
        server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
        server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
        server_addr.sin_port = htons(server_port);
        inet_pton(AF_INET, server_ip, &server_addr.sin_addr);
    
        //连接服务器
        if(-1 == connect(sock_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in))){
            printf("connect server error
    ");
            return -1;
        }
    
        printf("connect server success
    ");
        return sock_fd;
    }
    
    int connect_tcp(char* server_ip, int server_port){
        return connectsock(server_ip, server_port, SOCK_STREAM);
    }
    
    int connect_udp(char* server_ip, int server_port){
        return connectsock(server_ip, server_port, SOCK_DGRAM);
    }
    

      

    运行截图

    对比单线程的性能,并分析原因

    线程是程序中的一个执行流,每个线程都有自己的专有寄存器(栈指针、程序计数器等),但代码区是共享的。而多线程,则是多个执行流的意思。而这样做的好处是显而易见的,它可以将任务的多个部分分给不同线程,各自的完成自己的任务,增加时间效率,而单线程必须在上一任务完成的情况下才能进行下个任务。

    而且,多线程还可以提升CPU的利用率,假如顺序完成任务中的一环需要占用的CPU是10%,那么剩下的90%就可以说是浪费了,而多线程能够提升这个利用率。

    当然,线程越多并不是越好,如果希望通过多线程执行任务让程序运行得更快,会面临非常多的挑战,比如上下文切换的问题、死锁的问题,以及受限于硬件和软件的资源限制问题.

    就上下文切换来说,cpu以很高的频率进行线程的切换而分配给线程,让我们感觉是同时进行的,假如任务简单而我们又分配多线程,其中的协调所用的资源反而会更多。

    这个就如同电脑核心一般,电脑的核心并不是越多越好,就拿游戏说,现在的游戏优化大多以双核以及四核为核心,多的核心反而浪费,假如你有10个核心,玩个1核优化的游戏,那就真的是“一核有难,九核围观”了。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/qq2497879550/p/9959323.html
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