Linux下编译安装MySQL安装

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在学习生活中，我们经常用到linux下的mysql，但是安装是个比较头疼的问题，我在自己的摸索下，写了这篇文章。本文主要方法是编译安装，当然，方法有很多，你也可以用yum进行安装。。。。

考虑到大家都比较懒，命令都给出了，只需复制执行即可 

编译安装MySQL

准备工作：

1、获得以下所需的源代码包，并存放在/usr/local/src（建议用Xshell远程连接，Xshell使用方法见另一边文章）
　　与mysql相关：

• boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
• cmake-3.6.2.tar.gz
• mysql-5.7.16.tar.gz

2、安装cmake前的依赖包的安装
　　检查gcc-c++ 、ncurses-devel是否安装，如果没有安装，先用yum进行安装，也可以用编译安装的方法，编译安装的方法在首页有介绍

安装：

1、编译安装cmake工具

cd /usr/local/src
tar xf cmake-3.6.2.tar.gz
cd cmake-3.6.2
./bootstrap --prefix=/usr/local/cmake
make
make install  #如果前面没有指定安装目录，则默认安装到/usr/local/bin/cmake

2、建立mysql组和用户，并将mysql用户添加到mysql组

groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql
创建mysql数据文件存放的目录
mkdir /mysqldata
chown mysql:mysql /mysqldata
chmod o= /mysqldata              #设置其他人没有任何权限

3、编译安装mysql（复制后，执行即可）

cd /usr/local/src
tar xf mysql-5.7.16.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.7.16
/usr/local/cmake/bin/cmake .  -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql5.7  -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/mysqldata -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/src  
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc  -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1  -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all  
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci  -DWITH_DEBUG=0  -DMYSQL_MAINTAINER_MODE=0  -DWITH_SSL:STRING=bundled  -DWITH_ZLIB:STRING=bundled
make && make install

4、更改mysql安装目录的属主属组并添加mysql环境变量

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql5.7
vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
文件内容是：
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
执行命令：
bash                          #让新的PATH变量生效

5、加入服务列表并设置为开机自启

cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files
cp mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on

6、修改mysql的配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysql]
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
 
[mysqld]
datadir=/mydata
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
user=mysql
symbolic-links=0

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/mydata/mysqld.pid

7、初始化mysql

mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mydata
说明：
##“-–initialize”会生成一个随机密码(~/.mysql_secret)，而”–initialize-insecure”不会生成密码 ##user表示指定用户 ##basedir表示mysql的安装路径，datadir表示数据库文件存放路径

8、启动mysql服务

# service mysqld start
查看MySQL服务的进程和端口
# ps -ef | grep mysqld
root     22306     1  0 12:51 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/mydata --pid-file=/mydata/web1.deng.com.pid
mysql    22480 22306 12 12:51 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mydata --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/mydata/web1.deng.com.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
# netstat -an | grep :3306
tcp        0      0 :::3306                     :::*                        LISTEN

9、查看MySQL服务的进程和端口

# ps -ef | grep mysqld
root     22306     1  0 12:51 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/mydata --pid-file=/mydata/web1.deng.com.pid
mysql    22480 22306 12 12:51 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mydata --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/mydata/web1.deng.com.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

# netstat -an | grep :3306
tcp        0      0 :::3306                     :::*                        LISTEN

10、初始化MySQL数据库的root用户密码

# mysql_secure_installation 

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Connecting to MySQL using a blank password.

VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin?

Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: y                  #需要修改密码，所以输入y

There are three levels of password validation policy:

LOW    Length >= 8
MEDIUM Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, and special characters
STRONG Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, special characters and dictionary                  file

Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG: 2          #设置密码复杂度为强
Please set the password for root here.

New password: 

Re-enter new password:                                      #输入2次新密码

Estimated strength of the password: 100 
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y   #删除匿名用户
Success.


Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y     #禁止root远程登录

 ... skipping.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.


Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y  #删除测试数据库
 - Dropping test database...
Success.

 - Removing privileges on test database...
Success.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y  #重新加载权限表
Success.

All done! 

11、将MySQL数据库的动态链接库共享至系统链接库

vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
文件内容是：
/usr/local/mysql/lib

ldconfig -v           让系统重新读取库文件

12、测试登陆MySQL数据库

# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:             #输入刚才设置的新密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.14 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

到此，linux下的MySQL安装完毕！做需要的文件在后面网盘自行下载

如有错误请及时指出，谢谢！

CentOS-6.8-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1hSjlElLDz7F4E2Ese0AMKA
提取码：wsb3

cmake-3.6.2.tar.gz

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1VNENQic4iK9pS0uT94QNHQ 

提取码：rnii
boost_1_59_0.tar.gz

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1GrAEYekiq5t-D4TRQQeptQ
提取码：dviz

mysql-5.7.16.tar.gz

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1_Gk3P7nUb7D3B3JOCF7w_g
提取码：qktl