浅谈Scheduler

1.Scheduler工厂模式

所有的Scheduler实例应该由SchedulerFactory来创建

2.SchedulerFactory类图

 　　最常用的是StdSchedulerFactory工程类，其出那个键Scheduler的两种方式:

            //3. 创建scheduler
            Scheduler scheduler = StdSchedulerFactory.getDefaultScheduler();

            // 3. 创建scheduler
            SchedulerFactory sfact = new StdSchedulerFactory();
            Scheduler scheduler = sfact.getScheduler();

3.　　 回顾Quartz三个核心概念

调度器
任务
触发器           
  

 1个job对应多个Trigger

4.Scheduler的创建方式

StdSchedulerFactory:

　　使用一组参数（Java.util.Properties）来创建和初始化Quartz调度器
　　配置参数一般存储在quartz.properties中
　　调用getScheduler方法就能创建和初始化调度器对象

5..Scheduler的主要函数

// 绑定 jobDetail 和 trigger，将它注册进 Scheduler 当中  ,返回值是最近一次任务执行的开始时间
Date scheduleJob(JobDetail jobDetail, Trigger trigger)
// 启动 Scheduler
void start()
// 暂停 Scheduler
void standby()
// 关闭 Scheduler
void shutdown()

 例一:测试:scheduleJob函数返回最近一次开始执行的时间

package cn.qlq.quartz;

import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder;
import org.quartz.CronTrigger;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;
import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;

public class HelloScheduler {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // 1. 创建一个JodDetail实例 将该实例与Hello job class绑定 (链式写法)
            JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(HelloJob.class) // 定义Job类为HelloQuartz类，这是真正的执行逻辑所在
                    .withIdentity("myJob") // 定义name/group
                    .build();
            // 打印当前的时间
            SimpleDateFormat sf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
            Date date = new Date();
            System.out.println("current time is :" + sf.format(date));

            // 2. 2018年内每天11点18开始执行，每隔5s执行一次
            CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
                    .withIdentity("myTrigger", "group1")// 定义名字和组
                    .withSchedule(    //定义任务调度的时间间隔和次数
                            CronScheduleBuilder
                            .cronSchedule("0/5 0 14,18 * * ? *")
                            )
                    .build();

            // 3. 创建scheduler
            SchedulerFactory sfact = new StdSchedulerFactory();
            Scheduler scheduler = sfact.getScheduler();

            // 4. 将trigger和jobdetail加入这个调度
//            scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);

            // 5. 启动scheduler
            scheduler.start();
            
            System.out.println("schedule time is:"+sf.format(scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger)));
            

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

 结果:

current time is :2018-04-05 11:42:42
schedule time is:2018-04-05 02:00:00

例二:测试standby()挂起Scheduler之后3s后再次开启Scheduler

package cn.qlq.quartz;

import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder;
import org.quartz.CronTrigger;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;
import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;

public class HelloScheduler {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // 1. 创建一个JodDetail实例 将该实例与Hello job class绑定 (链式写法)
            JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(HelloJob.class) // 定义Job类为HelloQuartz类，这是真正的执行逻辑所在
                    .withIdentity("myJob") // 定义name/group
                    .build();
            // 打印当前的时间
            SimpleDateFormat sf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
            Date date = new Date();
            System.out.println("current time is :" + sf.format(date));

            // 2. 2018年内每天11点18开始执行，每隔5s执行一次
            CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
                    .withIdentity("myTrigger", "group1")// 定义名字和组
                    .withSchedule(    //定义任务调度的时间间隔和次数
                            CronScheduleBuilder
                            .cronSchedule("* * * * * ? *")
                            )
                    .build();

            // 3. 创建scheduler
            SchedulerFactory sfact = new StdSchedulerFactory();
            Scheduler scheduler = sfact.getScheduler();

            // 4. 将trigger和jobdetail加入这个调度
            scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);

            // 5. 启动scheduler
            scheduler.start();
            
            //scheduler执行2s后挂起
            Thread.sleep(2000);
            scheduler.standby();
            //scheduler挂起3s后再次启动scheduler
            Thread.sleep(3000);
            scheduler.start();
            

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

结果：

current time is :2018-04-05 11:49:28
current exec time is :2018-04-05 11:49:28
current exec time is :2018-04-05 11:49:29
current exec time is :2018-04-05 11:49:30
current exec time is :2018-04-05 11:49:33
current exec time is :2018-04-05 11:49:33
current exec time is :2018-04-05 11:49:33
current exec time is :2018-04-05 11:49:34
current exec time is :2018-04-05 11:49:35
....

例三:测试shutdown函数(shutdown之后不能再次调用start重启，会报错)

shutdown(true)表示等待所有正在执行的任务执行完毕后关闭Scheduler
shutdown(false),即shutdown()表示直接关闭Scheduler

(1)Job中睡眠5s钟

package cn.qlq.quartz;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;

public class HelloJob implements Job {
    

    public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(5000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        //打印当前的时间
        SimpleDateFormat sf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
        Date date = new Date();
        System.out.println("current exec time is :"+sf.format(date));
    }
    
}

shutdown传入true参数:(在程序执行完之后才杀死Scheduler)

package cn.qlq.quartz;

import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder;
import org.quartz.CronTrigger;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;
import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;

public class HelloScheduler {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // 1. 创建一个JodDetail实例 将该实例与Hello job class绑定 (链式写法)
            JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(HelloJob.class) // 定义Job类为HelloQuartz类，这是真正的执行逻辑所在
                    .withIdentity("myJob") // 定义name/group
                    .build();
            // 打印当前的时间
            SimpleDateFormat sf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
            Date date = new Date();
            System.out.println("current time is :" + sf.format(date));

            // 2. 2018年内每天11点18开始执行，每隔5s执行一次
            CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
                    .withIdentity("myTrigger", "group1")// 定义名字和组
                    .withSchedule(    //定义任务调度的时间间隔和次数
                            CronScheduleBuilder
                            .cronSchedule("* * * * * ? *")
                            )
                    .build();

            // 3. 创建scheduler
            SchedulerFactory sfact = new StdSchedulerFactory();
            Scheduler scheduler = sfact.getScheduler();

            // 4. 将trigger和jobdetail加入这个调度
            scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);

            // 5. 启动scheduler
            scheduler.start();
            
            //scheduler执行2s后挂起
            Thread.sleep(2000);
            scheduler.shutdown(true);
            //shutdown(true)表示等待所有正在执行的任务执行完毕后关闭Scheduler
            //shutdown(false),即shutdown()表示直接关闭Scheduler
            System.out.println("scheduler is shutdown?"+scheduler.isShutdown());

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

结果:

current time is :2018-04-05 11:58:25
current exec time is :2018-04-05 11:58:30
current exec time is :2018-04-05 11:58:31
current exec time is :2018-04-05 11:58:32
scheduler is shutdown?true

shutdown传入false参数:(立即杀死Scheduler)

package cn.qlq.quartz;

import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder;
import org.quartz.CronTrigger;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;
import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;

public class HelloScheduler {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // 1. 创建一个JodDetail实例 将该实例与Hello job class绑定 (链式写法)
            JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(HelloJob.class) // 定义Job类为HelloQuartz类，这是真正的执行逻辑所在
                    .withIdentity("myJob") // 定义name/group
                    .build();
            // 打印当前的时间
            SimpleDateFormat sf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
            Date date = new Date();
            System.out.println("current time is :" + sf.format(date));

            // 2. 2018年内每天11点18开始执行，每隔5s执行一次
            CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
                    .withIdentity("myTrigger", "group1")// 定义名字和组
                    .withSchedule(    //定义任务调度的时间间隔和次数
                            CronScheduleBuilder
                            .cronSchedule("* * * * * ? *")
                            )
                    .build();

            // 3. 创建scheduler
            SchedulerFactory sfact = new StdSchedulerFactory();
            Scheduler scheduler = sfact.getScheduler();

            // 4. 将trigger和jobdetail加入这个调度
            scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);

            // 5. 启动scheduler
            scheduler.start();
            
            //scheduler执行2s后挂起
            Thread.sleep(2000);
            scheduler.shutdown(false);
            //shutdown(true)表示等待所有正在执行的任务执行完毕后关闭Scheduler
            //shutdown(false),即shutdown()表示直接关闭Scheduler
            System.out.println("scheduler is shutdown?"+scheduler.isShutdown());

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

结果:

current time is :2018-04-05 12:00:11
scheduler is shutdown?true
current exec time is :2018-04-05 12:00:17
current exec time is :2018-04-05 12:00:17
current exec time is :2018-04-05 12:00:18
current exec time is :2018-04-05 12:00:19