• 用PHP编写一个APP的API


    第一部分,通信接口的实现

    标签(空格分隔): PHP 手机后台 api 通信接口 Andy


    PHP是世界上最强大的语言。

    PHP开发手机API时,一般返回XML或JSON数据类型的数据,除了要返回从源数据(程序本身需要的数据)外还应附上状态码,以下是一段封装后的数据,它使用JSON格式展现:

    
    {
        code: 200,
        message: "Success",
        data: [
            {
                username: "安明哲",
                password: "123456",
                level: "1",
                gold: "0",
                id: "6",
                create_time: "2015-09-26 08:25:31",
                is_active: "1",
                is_admin: "0"
            },
            {
                username: "张三",
                password: "12345",
                level: "1",
                gold: "0",
                id: "8",
                create_time: "0000-00-00 00:00:00",
                is_active: "1",
                is_admin: "0"
            }
        ]
    }
    
    

    以下是XML格式数据的实例:

    
    <root>
        <code>200</code>
        <message>Success</message>
        <data>
            <item id="0">
            <username>安明哲</username>
            <password>123456</password>
            <level>1</level>
            <gold>0</gold>
            <id>6</id>
            <create_time>2015-09-26 08:25:31</create_time>
            <is_active>1</is_active>
            <is_admin>0</is_admin>
            </item>
            <item id="1">
            <username>张三</username>
            <password>12345</password>
            <level>1</level>
            <gold>0</gold>
            <id>8</id>
            <create_time>0000-00-00 00:00:00</create_time>
            <is_active>1</is_active>
            <is_admin>0</is_admin>
            </item>
        </data>
    </root>
    
    

    此外,为了方便手机端开发人员的调试,还可直接返回带数据类型的数据:

    
    array(3) {
      ["code"]=>
      int(200)
      ["message"]=>
      string(7) "Success"
      ["data"]=>
      array(2) {
        [0]=>
        array(8) {
          ["username"]=>
          string(9) "安明哲"
          ["password"]=>
          string(6) "123456"
          ["level"]=>
          string(1) "1"
          ["gold"]=>
          string(1) "0"
          ["id"]=>
          string(1) "6"
          ["create_time"]=>
          string(19) "2015-09-26 08:25:31"
          ["is_active"]=>
          string(1) "1"
          ["is_admin"]=>
          string(1) "0"
        }
        [1]=>
        array(8) {
          ["username"]=>
          string(6) "张三"
          ["password"]=>
          string(5) "12345"
          ["level"]=>
          string(1) "1"
          ["gold"]=>
          string(1) "0"
          ["id"]=>
          string(1) "8"
          ["create_time"]=>
          string(19) "0000-00-00 00:00:00"
          ["is_active"]=>
          string(1) "1"
          ["is_admin"]=>
          string(1) "0"
        }
      }
    }
    
    

    如何实现

    当手机客户端通过API获取数据时,PHP脚本会Response一个数组,并对这个数组进行encode,他们分别是json,xmlarray;该数组,定义如下:

    
    $result = [
        "code" => 200,
        "message" => "数据返回成功",
        "data" => ["key"=>"value", "key"=>"value"]
    ]
    
    

    其中,code代表状态码,message代表状态信息,data是程序逻辑中需要的数据。

    如何去设计

    当手机端调用API,程序业务逻辑处理完成之后,需要返回数据,此时需要对通信数据进行封装,封装的三种类型由可由REQUEST里的format参数指定,当formart=json时执行response_json方法,同理,还有response_xmlresponse_array方法;

    为了方便调用,编写一个Response类来封装数据并完成response工作:

    
    /*本段代码没有经过实际环境测试,也没有严谨的参数检查*/
    class Response{
        public static function response_api($code, $message='', $data=array()){
            //根据formart返回适当的数据
            $type = isset($_REQUEST['format'])?$_REQUEST['format']:'';
            switch ($type) {
                case 'json':
                    self::response_json($code, $message, $data);
                    break;
                case 'xml':
                    self::response_xml($code, $message, $data);
                    break;
                case 'array':
                    echo var_dump(self::grant_array($code, $message, $data));
                    break;
                default:
                    self::response_json($code, $message, $data);
                    
                    break;
            }
        }
        
        public static function response_json($code, $message='', $data=array()){
            //返回JSON数据
            $result = self::gramt_array($code,$message,$data);
            echo json_encode($result);
            exit();
        }
        
        public static function response_xml($code, $message='', $data=array()){
            //返回XML数据
            $result = self::gramt_array($code,$message,$data);
            $xml = "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>";
            $xml .= "<root>";
            $xml .= self::xml_encode($result);
            $xml .= "</root>"
            echo $xml;
            exit();
        }
        
        private function xml_encode($arr=array()){
            //对于XML,需要自己实现一个XML的encode方法
            $xml = $attr = '';
            foreach($arr as $key=>$value){
                if(is_numberic($key)){
                    $key = 'item';
                    $attr = " id='{$key}'";
                }
                $xml .= "<{$key}{$attr}>";
                $xml .= (is_array($value))?self::xml_encode($value):$value;
                $xml .= "</{$key}>";
            }
            return $xml;
        }
        
        private function grant_array($code, $message='', $data=array()){
            //在所有操作之前,需要生成符合API规范的数组
            $result = {
                "code" => $code,
                "message" => $message,
                "data" => $data
            };
            return $result;
        }
        
    }
    
    

    Response类实现了通信接口的数据封装,可根据response内指定的format灵活的写入不同格式的数据到Response。
    付:完整代码及调用实例:

    <?php 
    class Response{ 
        /*
        * 封通信接口数据
        * @param integer $code 状态码
        * @param string $message 状态信息
        * @param array $data 数据
        * return string 
        */
        public static function api_response($code, $message='',
                $data=array()){
            $type = isset($_REQUEST['format'])?$_REQUEST['format']:'';
            switch ($type) {
                case 'json':
                    self::response_json($code, $message, $data);
                    break;
                case 'xml':
                    self::response_xml($code, $message, $data);
                    break;
                case 'array':
                    echo var_dump(self::grant_array($code, $message, $data));
                    break;
                default:
                    self::response_json($code, $message, $data);
                    break;
            }
        }
    
        /*
        * 封装数为为json数据类型
        * @param integer $code 状态码
        * @param string $message 状态信息
        * @param array $data 数据
        * return string 
        */
        public static function json_response($code, 
            $message='', $data=array()){
            $result = self::grant_array($code, $message, $data);
            echo json_encode($result);
            exit;
        }
    
        /*
        * 封装数为为xml数据类型
        * @param integer $code 状态码
        * @param string $message 状态信息
        * @param array $data 数据
        * return string 
        */
        public static function xml_response($code, 
            $message='', $data=array()){
            
            $result = self::grant_array($code, $message, $data);
            
            header("Content-Type:text/xml");
            $xml = "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
    ";
            $xml .= "<root>
    ";
            $xml .= self::xml_encode($result);
            $xml .= "</root>";
            echo $xml;
            exit();
        }
    
        /*
        * 将数组转换为XML格式
        * @param array $array 数组
        * return string 
        */
        private function xml_encode($array=array()){
            $xml = $attr = "";
    
            if(!empty($array)){
                foreach ($array as $key => $value) {
                    if(is_numeric($key)){
                        $attr = " id='{$key}'";
                        $key = "item";
                    }
                    $xml .= "<{$key}{$attr}>" ;
                    $xml .= is_array($value) ? self::xml_encode($value) : $value;
                    $xml .="</{$key}>
    ";
                }
            }
            return $xml;
        }
    
        /*
        * 按照接口格式生成原数据数组
        * @param integer $code 状态码
        * @param string $message 状态信息
        * @param array $data 数据
        * return array 
        */
        private function grant_array($code, $message='', $data=array()){
            if(!is_numeric($code)){
                return '';
            }
    
            $result = array(
                'code' => $code,
                'message' => $message,
                'data' => $data
            );
    
            return $result;
        }
    }
    
    

    调用实例:

    
    <?php 
    
    require_once "./DataBaseUtil.class.php";
    require_once "./Response.class.php";
        
    $connect = DataBaseUtil::getInstance()->connect();
    
    
    /*
    * 首页接口 
    * http://domain/hotgirl/callback.php?format=xml/json
    */
    $page = isset($_REQUEST['page'])?$_REQUEST['page']:1;
    $page_number = isset($_REQUEST['page_number'])?$_REQUEST['page_number']:2;
    $lim_start = ($page-1) * $page_number;
    $sql = "SELECT * FROM user WHERE is_active=1 LIMIT ".$lim_start.",".$page_number;
    $result = mysql_query($sql, $connect);
    if($result && mysql_num_rows($result)>0) {
        while ($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($result)) {
            $rows[] = $row;
        }
    }
    if(!empty($rows)){
        return Response::api_response(200, 'Success', $rows);
    }
    else{
        return Response::api_response(403, 'No result from database');
    }
    
    

    原文地址:https://www.jianshu.com/p/0eca40163fcc

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/qixidi/p/10414700.html
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