C#中集合汇总

平时敲代码，只关注如何使用，没有深入去研究一些本质性的东西，靠死记硬背，不去真正理解，其实最后是很难记住的。

对于C#常见的集合，自己平时好像只有用到List，Dictionary,ArrayList,Array等几个，其实C#的集合远远不止这几个，

一直认为Dictionary是有序集合，哎，错了好久，今天总算明白了。

C#中的集合主要放在System.Collections和System.Collections.Generic这个两个命名空间下，其中System.Collections.Generic专门用于泛型集合，如下图：

关于各类集合的差异，网上已有不少大牛做过总结，参考如下：

http://blog.csdn.net/ceclar123/article/details/8655853

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApplication_List
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ListTest();
            QueueTest();
            StackTest();
            LinkedListTest();
            SortedListTest();
            DictionaryTest();
            SortDictionaryTest();
            SetTest();
            SortedSetTest();

          
            Console.Read();
        }

        #region MyRegion

        /// <summary>
        /// 列表
        /// </summary>
        static void ListTest()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("List");

            List<string> list = new List<string>();
            list.Add("张三");
            list.Add("李四");
            list.Add("王五");

            for (int i = 0; i < list.Count; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("for:" + i.ToString() + " " + list[i]);
            }

            Console.WriteLine(".................");

            list.RemoveAt(0);
            foreach (var item in list)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Foreach:" + item);
            }

            Console.WriteLine(".................");

            list.AddRange(new string[] { "demo1", "demo2", "demo3" });
            list.ForEach(PrintEach);

            Console.WriteLine(".................");

        }

        private static void PrintEach(string item)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Foreach:" + item);
        }

        #endregion

        /// <summary>
        /// 队列
        /// </summary>
        static void QueueTest()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Queue");

            Queue<string> queue = new Queue<string>();
            queue.Enqueue("张三");
            queue.Enqueue("李四");
            queue.Enqueue("王五");
            queue.Enqueue("田六");
            queue.Enqueue("赵七");

            Console.WriteLine(".................");

            foreach (string item in queue)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("foreach迭代：" + item);
            }

            Console.WriteLine(".................");

            while (queue.Count > 0)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("出队：" + queue.Dequeue());
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 栈
        /// </summary>
        public static void StackTest()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("stack");

            Stack<string> stack = new Stack<string>();
            stack.Push("张三");
            stack.Push("李四");
            stack.Push("王五");
            stack.Push("田六");
            stack.Push("赵七");

            foreach (string item in stack)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Foreach迭代：" + item);
            }
            Console.WriteLine(".................");

            while (stack.Count > 0)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("出栈：" + stack.Pop());
            }
            Console.WriteLine(".................");
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 链表
        /// </summary>
        public static void LinkedListTest()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("LinkedList");

            LinkedList<string> linkedList = new LinkedList<string>();
            LinkedListNode<string> node = new LinkedListNode<string>("root");
            linkedList.AddFirst(node);
            linkedList.AddAfter(node, "张三");
            linkedList.AddAfter(node, "李四");
            linkedList.AddAfter(node, "王五");
            linkedList.AddAfter(node, "田六");

            foreach (string item in linkedList)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("foreach迭代：" + item);
            }
            Console.WriteLine(".................");

            node = linkedList.First;
            Console.WriteLine("第一个元素：" + node.Value);
            node = linkedList.Last;
            Console.WriteLine("最后一个元素：" + node.Value);
            Console.WriteLine(".................");
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 有序列表
        /// </summary>
        public static void SortedListTest()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("SortedList");

            SortedList<int, string> sortList = new SortedList<int, string>();
            sortList.Add(100,"张三");
            sortList.Add(21,"李四");
            sortList.Add(13,"王五");
            sortList.Add(44,"田六");

            foreach (KeyValuePair<int, string> item in sortList)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("key=" + item.Key + ";value=" + item.Value);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 字典
        /// </summary>
        public static void DictionaryTest()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Dictionary");

            Dictionary<int, string> dict = new Dictionary<int, string>();
            dict.Add(11, "张三");
            dict.Add(1, "李四");
            dict.Add(2, "王五");
            dict.Add(16, "田六");
            dict.Add(13, "赵七");

            foreach (KeyValuePair<int, string> item in dict)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("key=" + item.Key + ";value=" + item.Value);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 有序字典
        /// </summary>
        public static void SortDictionaryTest()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("SortDictionary");

            SortedDictionary<int, string> sortDict = new SortedDictionary<int, string>();
            sortDict.Add(11, "张三");
            sortDict.Add(1, "李四");
            sortDict.Add(2, "王五");
            sortDict.Add(16, "田六");
            sortDict.Add(13, "赵七");

            foreach (KeyValuePair<int, string> item in sortDict)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("key=" + item.Key + ";value=" + item.Value);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 集
        /// </summary>
        public static void SetTest()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("HashSet");

            HashSet<string> hSet = new HashSet<string>();
            hSet.Add("张三");
            hSet.Add("李四");
            hSet.Add("王五");
            hSet.Add("田六");
            hSet.Add("赵七");

            foreach (String item in hSet)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("foreach迭代：" + item);
            }  
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 有序集
        /// </summary>
        public static void SortedSetTest()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("HashSet");

            SortedSet<string> sortSet = new SortedSet<string>();
            sortSet.Add("张三");
            sortSet.Add("李四");
            sortSet.Add("王五");
            sortSet.Add("田六");
            sortSet.Add("赵七");

            foreach (String item in sortSet)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("foreach迭代：" + item);
            }
        }
    }
}