0923关于安装mysql两种简单方式

http://blog.csdn.net/liumm0000/article/details/18841197

方式一：利用RPM安装包进行安装

a. 检查MySQL及相关RPM包，是否安装，如果有安装，则移除（rpm –e 名称）

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[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql

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mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.x86_64

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[root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove mysql-libs*

b. 下载Linux对应的RPM包，如：CentOS6.4_64对应的RPM包，如下：

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[root@localhost rpm]# ll

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total 74364

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-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18442536 Dec 11 20:19 MySQL-client-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

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-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  3340660 Dec 11 20:06 MySQL-devel-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

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-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 54360600 Dec 11 20:03 MySQL-server-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

c. 安装MySQL

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[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

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[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

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[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

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#修改配置文件位置

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[root@localhost rpm]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

d. 初始化MySQL及设置密码

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[root@localhost rpm]# /usr/bin/mysql_install_db

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[root@localhost rpm]# service mysql start

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[root@localhost rpm]# cat /root/.mysql_secret  #查看root账号密码

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# The random password set for the root user at Wed Dec 11 23:32:50 2013 (local time): qKTaFZnl

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[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot –pqKTaFZnl

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mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');    #设置密码为123456

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mysql> exit

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[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456

e. 允许远程登陆

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mysql> use mysql;

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mysql> select host,user,password from user;

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+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+

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| host                  | user | password                                  |

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+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+

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| localhost             | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |

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| localhost.localdomain | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |

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| 127.0.0.1             | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |

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| ::1                   | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |

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+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+

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mysql> update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';

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mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';

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mysql> flush privileges;

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mysql> exit

f. 设置开机自启动

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[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig mysql on

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[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql

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mysql           0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

g. MySQL的默认安装位置

`1`	`/var/lib/mysql/` `#数据库目录`

`2`	`/usr/share/mysql` `#配置文件目录`

`3`	`/usr/bin` `#相关命令目录`

`4`	`/etc/init.d/mysql` `#启动脚本`

修改字符集和数据存储路径

配置/etc/my.cnf文件,修改数据存放路径、mysql.sock路径以及默认编码utf-8.

[client]
password = 123456
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
port = 3306
character_set_server=utf8
character_set_client=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
#(注意linux下mysql安装完后是默认：表名区分大小写，列名不区分大小写； 0：区分大小写，1：不区分大小写)
lower_case_table_names=1
#(设置最大连接数，默认为 151，MySQL服务器允许的最大连接数16384; )
max_connections=1000
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8

查看字符集

show variables like '%collation%';

show variables like '%char%';

方式二：利用mysql仓库进行安装

yum install lrzsz -- 安装一个工具
rz -- 打开本地文件命令
rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm -- 安装仓库文件下载文件地址 https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
yum install mysql -- 安装mysql

-- 相当于打开仓库文件，安装mysql更加轻松