JAVA入门教程

用的是Idea2017版本。其他大同小异

1.新建项目

2.勾选Create from archetype 选中maven-archetype-webapp

3.输入项目名字。

4.下一步

5.点Finish后要等一会，在用maven下载模版，根据网速情况时间不一样。新建完成后结构如下

6.打开pom.xml文件添加引用包,(如果不知道pom引用方式，打开http://mvnrepository.com/ 示例查找spring-beans，然后点进去，选一个版本，会把maven的xml代码也放出来复制到pom文件里即可)

pom.xml代码如下:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>zwtest8</groupId>
  <artifactId>zwtest8</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>zwtest8 Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <!-- spring版本号 -->
    <spring.version>4.1.1.RELEASE</spring.version>
    <!-- mybatis版本号 -->
    <mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
    <!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->
    <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
    <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
    <!-- jackson包版本 -->
    <jackson.version>2.5.0</jackson.version>
    <servlet.version>3.0.1</servlet.version>
    <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
  </properties>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- servlet -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>${servlet.version}</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>jstl</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>${jstl.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- springMVC核心包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- spring核心包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>


    <!-- mybatis核心包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--mybatis spring 插件 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Mysql数据库驱动包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.34</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>zwtest7</finalName>
  </build>
</project>

然后右击pom.xml点Maven->Reimport (下载所有包,可能要一会时间）

 

7.新建几个目录：main/java/（存放java代码，各种java类库），WEB-INF/views(存放jsp页用的)

8.这时候想要在右击java目录建一个controller包，建不了

 

9.解决办法，点菜单File-Project Structure，在左边点“Modules”选项.展开选中java目录,点上面的的Sources,选中resources目录，点上面的Resources按钮.->如下,OK

10.这个时候右击java目录新建 一个pages,名称为controller

11,在controller包下 新建一个controlle   名为test类

 

test代码如下

package controller;


import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class test {

    @RequestMapping(value = "index.do")
    public String getUser(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, ModelMap mode) {

        mode.addAttribute("aaa", "hello v1");//传值到前台测试
        return "test/index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("abc.do")
    public String success(){

        return "test/abc";
    }
}

12.在views目录建一个index.jsp,代码如下:

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${aaa}
<hr>
Hello Spring MVC
</body>
</html>

12.在resources目录下新建SpringMVC.xml文件内容如下:

 <context:component-scan base-package="controller"/> 指定Controller包名

<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/> 指定View页路径

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="controller"/>

    <!-- JSP视图文件解析配置 -->
    <bean id="urlBasedViewResolver"
          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
        <!-- <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView"
            /> -->
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

13.打开web.xml文件代码如下：(其中

<param-value>classpath:SpringMVC.xml</param-value>为指定SpringMVC的配置文件名

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
         version="2.4">这里一定要是2.4,如果2.3使用的EL表达式在jsp页不会解析.

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
         version="2.4">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>



  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:SpringMVC.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

14. 以上文件都建好以后项目结构如下:(其中abc.jsp里面就是一个空的页面，用来测试别的，你也可以建一个)

 

15.调试运行(如没有安装tomcat请选去下载安装tomcat9)，点菜单Run->Edit Configurations

16.点加号选Tomcat Server->Local

17.输入名称，如下图（Application server 选Tomcat9,如没安装请选去网上下载安装） ,After launch为运行以后启动的浏览器。系统默认为8080,我修改了为8181

 18.点Deployment 选项,点右边加号

19.选中带exploded这个然后OK

20.最后运行

结果如下

点击这里下载项目源代码

https://files.cnblogs.com/files/q149072205/zwtest8.rar