策略模式+工厂方法消除if else
假设需求为,根据不同勋章类型,处理相对应的勋章服务,优化前有以下代码:
String medalType = "guest"; if ("guest".equals(medalType)) { System.out.println("嘉宾勋章"); } else if ("vip".equals(medalType)) { System.out.println("会员勋章"); } else if ("guard".equals(medalType)) { System.out.println("展示守护勋章"); } ...
首先,我们把每个条件逻辑代码块,抽象成一个公共的接口,可以得到以下代码:
//勋章接口 public interface IMedalService { void showMedal(); String getMedalType(); }
我们根据每个逻辑条件,定义相对应的策略实现类,可得以下代码:
//守护勋章策略实现类 public class GuardMedalServiceImpl implements IMedalService { @Override public void showMedal() { System.out.println("展示守护勋章"); } @Override public String getMedalType() { return "guard"; } } //嘉宾勋章策略实现类 public class GuestMedalServiceImpl implements IMedalService { @Override public void showMedal() { System.out.println("嘉宾勋章"); } @Override public String getMedalType() { return "guest"; } } //VIP勋章策略实现类 public class VipMedalServiceImpl implements IMedalService { @Override public void showMedal() { System.out.println("会员勋章"); } @Override public String getMedalType() { return "vip"; } } 接下来,我们再定义
接下来,我们再定义策略工厂类,用来管理这些勋章实现策略类,如下:
//勋章服务工产类 public class MedalServicesFactory { private static final Map<String, IMedalService> map = new HashMap<>(); static { map.put("guard", new GuardMedalServiceImpl()); map.put("vip", new VipMedalServiceImpl()); map.put("guest", new GuestMedalServiceImpl()); } public static IMedalService getMedalService(String medalType) { return map.get(medalType); } }
使用了策略+工厂模式之后,代码变得简洁多了,如下:
public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { String medalType = "guest"; IMedalService medalService = MedalServicesFactory.getMedalService(medalType); medalService.showMedal(); } }
使用枚举
String OrderStatusDes; if(orderStatus==0){ OrderStatusDes ="订单未支付"; }else if(OrderStatus==1){ OrderStatusDes ="订单已支付"; }else if(OrderStatus==2){ OrderStatusDes ="已发货"; } ...
先定义一个枚举:
public enum OrderStatusEnum { UN_PAID(0,"订单未支付"),PAIDED(1,"订单已支付"),SENDED(2,"已发货"),; private int index; private String desc; public int getIndex() { return index; } public String getDesc() { return desc; } OrderStatusEnum(int index, String desc){ this.index = index; this.desc =desc; } OrderStatusEnum of(int orderStatus) { for (OrderStatusEnum temp : OrderStatusEnum.values()) { if (temp.getIndex() == orderStatus) { return temp; } } return null; } }
有了枚举之后,以上if-else逻辑分支,可以优化为一行代码:
StringOrderStatusDes= OrderStatusEnum.0f(orderStatus).getDesc();