Django模块笔记【五】

入门笔记翻译整理自：https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/topics/

*该笔记将对各个模块进行单独介绍

*Class-based views

视图是接受请求并返回响应的可调用对象。

1. 用法举例

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.views.generic import TemplateView

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^about/', TemplateView.as_view(template_name="about.html")),
]

或者

# some_app/views.py
from django.views.generic import TemplateView

class AboutView(TemplateView):
    template_name = "about.html"

# urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from some_app.views import AboutView

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^about/', AboutView.as_view()),
]

---

 

2. 比较两种视图

普通视图：

from django.http import HttpResponse

def my_view(request):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        # <view logic>
        return HttpResponse('result')

基于类的视图：

from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.views.generic import View

class MyView(View):
    def get(self, request):
        # <view logic>
        return HttpResponse('result')

# urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from myapp.views import MyView

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^about/', MyView.as_view()),
]

---

3. 内置基于类的通用视图

略过。

---

4. 类通用视图处理表单

例如：

# forms.py

from django import forms

class ContactForm(forms.Form):
    name = forms.CharField()
    message = forms.CharField(widget=forms.Textarea)

    def send_email(self):
        # send email using the self.cleaned_data dictionary
        pass

# views.py

from myapp.forms import ContactForm
from django.views.generic.edit import FormView

class ContactView(FormView):
    template_name = 'contact.html'
    form_class = ContactForm
    success_url = '/thanks/'

    def form_valid(self, form):
        # This method is called when valid form data has been POSTed.
        # It should return an HttpResponse.
        form.send_email()
        return super(ContactView, self).form_valid(form)

---

5. 在类视图中使用混合体（mixins）

略。

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